A study of clinico-demographic profile and ventilatory pulmonary function tests in type 2 diabetes mellitus

Background: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a non-communicable disease. DM produces damage in small blood vessels characterized by morphologic and biochemical alterations of the capillary basal lamina. These abnormalities have been observed in several organs including the lung. As the prevalence of diabetes is rapidly increasing, it would be important to study pulmonary functions in this sub group.Methods: The present observational study carried out at medicine department. It includes previously diagnosed type 2 DM patients between 31 to 50 years of age, non-smoker, non-pregnant with no major respiratory illness. Ventilatory Pulmonary Function Test (VPFT) which includes FVC, FEV1 and FEV1% were studied in all selected participants. VPFT categorized as per American Thoracic Society (ATS). All collected data analysed using Microsoft Excel 2010.  Results: The total of 55 previously diagnosed Type 2 DM cases was recruited. 26 (47.2 %) & 29 (52.7 %) were male & female respectively. 21 (38.2 %) has duration of DM more than 5. 11 (20 %) & 5 (9 %) had neuropathy and retinopathy respectively. 29 (52.7 %) had abnormal pulmonary function test.  The Mean FVC (84.11 ± 14.94), Mean FEV1 (84 ± 13.72) & Mean FEV1% was (100.05 ± 7.32) among the study participants.  29 (100.0 %) were restrictive type of abnormality. Conclusion: The reduced lung function is likely being a complication of diabetes mellitus. Lung functions needs to be checked periodically.

To study the microbiological profile of urosepsis in CKD patients and its treatment

Introduction: Prevalence of Chronic Kidney disease is increasing worldwide, owing to many associated factors like lower urinary tract obstruction, urinary stones, co-morbidities, and sepsis/ sepsis of urogenital tract. Various parameters like blood pressure, sugar, kidney function tests etc need to be monitored. As urosepsis in CKD has high mortality it is necessary that causative organisms of sepsis should be identified early and antibiotic sensitivity determined to identify resistant organisms. Hence this study was carried out to. Aim and Objective: To study the microbiological spectrum involved in urosepsis of CKD patients. To study the treatment of urosepsis in CKD patients. Materials and methods: A total of 100 CKD patients were included in the study, history and clinical examination was done and blood and urine samples sent to microbiology lab. After culture sensitivity empirical treatment was accordingly changed and results observed. Results: E.coli was the commonest organism isolated in blood and urine culture. Candida was the most common organism responsible for mortality. Cefeperozone-sulbactum and meropenem were the commonly used antibiotics to which patients responded. Conclusion: Microbiological investigations in the form of blood and urine culture are of paramount importance in early diagnosis of urosepsis in CKD patients and aids in accurate administration of antibiotics