Energy Estimation of Cosmic Rays with the Engineering Radio Array of the Pierre Auger Observatory

The Auger Engineering Radio Array (AERA) is part of the Pierre Auger Observatory and is used to detect the radio emission of cosmic-ray air showers. These observations are compared to the data of the surface detector stations of the Observatory, which provide well-calibrated information on the cosmic-ray energies and arrival directions. The response of the radio stations in the 30 to 80 MHz regime has been thoroughly calibrated to enable the reconstruction of the incoming electric field. For the latter, the energy deposit per area is determined from the radio pulses at each observer position and is interpolated using a two-dimensional function that takes into account signal asymmetries due to interference between the geomagnetic and charge-excess emission components. The spatial integral over the signal distribution gives a direct measurement of the energy transferred from the primary cosmic ray into radio emission in the AERA frequency range. We measure 15.8 MeV of radiation energy for a 1 EeV air shower arriving perpendicularly to the geomagnetic field. This radiation energy -- corrected for geometrical effects -- is used as a cosmic-ray energy estimator. Performing an absolute energy calibration against the surface-detector information, we observe that this radio-energy estimator scales quadratically with the cosmic-ray energy as expected for coherent emission. We find an energy resolution of the radio reconstruction of 22% for the data set and 17% for a high-quality subset containing only events with at least five radio stations with signal.Comment: Replaced with published version. Added journal reference and DO

Measurement of the Radiation Energy in the Radio Signal of Extensive Air Showers as a Universal Estimator of Cosmic-Ray Energy

We measure the energy emitted by extensive air showers in the form of radio emission in the frequency range from 30 to 80 MHz. Exploiting the accurate energy scale of the Pierre Auger Observatory, we obtain a radiation energy of 15.8 \pm 0.7 (stat) \pm 6.7 (sys) MeV for cosmic rays with an energy of 1 EeV arriving perpendicularly to a geomagnetic field of 0.24 G, scaling quadratically with the cosmic-ray energy. A comparison with predictions from state-of-the-art first-principle calculations shows agreement with our measurement. The radiation energy provides direct access to the calorimetric energy in the electromagnetic cascade of extensive air showers. Comparison with our result thus allows the direct calibration of any cosmic-ray radio detector against the well-established energy scale of the Pierre Auger Observatory.Comment: Replaced with published version. Added journal reference and DOI. Supplemental material in the ancillary file

Avances en Ingeniería y su Aporte a la Sostenibilidad

El Desarrollo Sostenible hace referencia al bienestar social, la conservación del medio ambiente además de un crecimiento económico acorde a la biocapacidad del ecosistema, promoviendo un modelo de desarrollo que logre la satisfacción de las necesidades de índole social, económico, de diversidad cultural y de un medio ambiente sano, con el fin de contribuir en las condiciones de vida de la población presente sin comprometer el entorno natural de las generaciones futura. En este orden de ideas, es necesario establecer, que los problemas ambientales son inherentes a los procesos de desarrollo modificando los procesos socioeconómicos y dinámicas propias de cada región; generando como elemento esencial para la sostenibilidad alcanzar una interacción entre la satisfacción de las necesidades y aspiraciones humanas, actuales y futuras, con el mantenimiento del equilibrio de los sistemas biofísicos y los sistemas sociales.Sustainable Development refers to social welfare, environmental conservation as well as economic growth in accordance with the biocapacity of the ecosystem, promoting a development model that satisfies the needs of a social, economic, cultural diversity and a healthy environment, in order to contribute to the living conditions of the present population without compromising the natural environment of future generations. In this order of ideas, it is necessary to establish that environmental problems are inherent to development processes, modifying the socioeconomic processes and dynamics of each region; Generating as an essential element for sustainability to achieve an interaction between the satisfaction of current and future human needs and aspirations, with the maintenance of the balance of biophysical systems and social systems

Caracterización de la investigación, el desarrollo tecnológico y la innovación en el sector productivo de la región fronteriza colombo venezolana. Volumen 2

En este libro en su segundo volumen, se presenta la recopilación de proyectos de Investigación e Innovación Tecnológica como resultado del desarrollo de actividades investigativas, en las cuales se involucran grupos de investigación y semilleros, instructores investigadores, docentes universitarios, administrativos, aprendices, estudiantes universitarios y empresarios del ámbito regional, nacional e internacional, quienes motivados por su espíritu emprendedor e innovador le apostaron a involucrarse en proyectos desde las áreas de automatización, electrónica y telecomunicaciones, gestión del hábitat, Diseño e implementación de soluciones en TIC, Gestión del negocio emprendimiento y empresarismo, Innovación educativa y Diseño de vestuario.In this book in its second volume, the compilation of Research and Technological Innovation projects is presented as a result of the development of research activities, in which research groups and seedbeds, research instructors, university teachers, administrators, apprentices, university students are involved. and regional, national and international entrepreneurs, who, motivated by his entrepreneurial and innovative spirit, bet him to get involved in projects from the areas of automation, electronics and telecommunications, habitat management, Design and implementation of ICT solutions, Entrepreneurship business management and entrepreneurship, educational innovation and costume design.Desarrollo de un sistema de información para los laboratorios de servicios tecnológicos basado en normatividad ISO/IEC 7025:2017 -- Implementación de tecnologías de realidad aumentada para mejorar el proceso de enseñanza aprendizaje de las operaciones logísticas de almacenamiento -- Automatización de un sistema hidropónico para la optimización de la producción de hortalizas de hoja -- Desarrollo y control de posicionamiento de un seguidor solar por seguimiento de carta solar y por maximo punto de radiación solar por lógica difusa -- Diseño de un sistema de control cinemático con open-hardware del manipulador didáctico pegasus amatrol -- Diseño de un sistema fotovoltaico híbrido grid-tied con respaldo de baterías para iluminación -- Implementación de un banco para la detección de fallas en motores trifásicos con inteligencia artificial -- Oilmaster dispositivo de detección de fallo en el sistema de lubricación en motocicletas -- Regulador de carga para picocentral hidroeléctrica -- Diseño de un sistema de percepción del impacto de choques mecánicos y golpes en el cerebro -- Crema humectante antiedad con principios activos naturales y subproductos del coee “silverskin” en sena, antioquia -- Formulación de barra de cereal partir de los subproductos del café, cacao, y sacha inchi -- Videojuego en realidad virtual como estrategia de formación para organización de eventos -- Fortalecimiento de las industrias culturales de dulces típicos en montería - departamento de córdobana199 página

Erratum: Combined fit of spectrum and composition data as measured by the Pierre Auger Observatory

We present a combined fit of a simple astrophysical model of UHECR sources to both the energy spectrum and mass composition data measured by the Pierre Auger Observatory. The fit has been performed for energies above 5 ⋅ 10(18) eV, i.e. the region of the all-particle spectrum above the so-called ankle feature. The astrophysical model we adopted consists of identical sources uniformly distributed in a comoving volume, where nuclei are accelerated through a rigidity-dependent mechanism. The fit results suggest sources characterized by relatively low maximum injection energies, hard spectra and heavy chemical composition. We also show that uncertainties about physical quantities relevant to UHECR propagation and shower development have a non-negligible impact on the fit results

An Indication of anisotropy in arrival directions of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays through comparison to the flux pattern of extragalactic gamma-ray sources

International audienceA new analysis of the data set from the Pierre Auger Observatory provides evidence for anisotropy in the arrival directions of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays on an intermediate angular scale, which is indicative of excess arrivals from strong, nearby sources. The data consist of 5514 events above with zenith angles up to 80° recorded before 2017 April 30. Sky models have been created for two distinct populations of extragalactic gamma-ray emitters: active galactic nuclei from the second catalog of hard Fermi-LAT sources (2FHL) and starburst galaxies from a sample that was examined with Fermi-LAT. Flux-limited samples, which include all types of galaxies from the Swift-BAT and 2MASS surveys, have been investigated for comparison. The sky model of cosmic-ray density constructed using each catalog has two free parameters, the fraction of events correlating with astrophysical objects, and an angular scale characterizing the clustering of cosmic rays around extragalactic sources. A maximum-likelihood ratio test is used to evaluate the best values of these parameters and to quantify the strength of each model by contrast with isotropy. It is found that the starburst model fits the data better than the hypothesis of isotropy with a statistical significance of 4.0σ, the highest value of the test statistic being for energies above . The three alternative models are favored against isotropy with 2.7σ–3.2σ significance. The origin of the indicated deviation from isotropy is examined and prospects for more sensitive future studies are discussed