Pediatric Hospitalizations Associated with 2009 Pandemic Influenza A (H1N1) in Argentina

Fil: Libster, Romina. Fundación Infant, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires; Argentina.Fil: Bugna, Jimena. Fundación Infant, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires; Argentina.Fil: Coviello, Silvina. Fundación Infant, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires; Argentina.Fil: Hijano, Diego R. Hospital De Niños Sor María Ludovica, La Plata; Argentina.Fil: Dunaiewsky, Mariana. Hospital General de Niños Pedro de Elizalde, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires; Argentina.Fil: Reynoso, Natalia. Hospital Municipal Materno Infantil de San Isidro; Argentina.Fil: Cavalieri, Maria L. Hospital Eva Perón, Benito Juárez, Buenos Aires; ArgentinaFil: Guglielmo, Maria C. Hospital General de Niños Pedro de Elizalde, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires; Argentina.Fil: Areso, M. Soledad. Hospital Eva Perón, Benito Juárez, Buenos Aires; ArgentinaFil: Gilligan, Tomas. Hospital General de Agudos Carlos G. Durand, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires; Argentina.Fil: Santucho, Fernanda. Hospital General de Agudos Carlos G. Durand, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires; Argentina.Fil: Cabral, Graciela. Hospital Nacional Profesor Alejandro Posadas, El Palomar, Buenos Aires; Argentina.Fil: Gregorio, Gabriela L. Hospital Nacional Profesor Alejandro Posadas, El Palomar, Buenos Aires; Argentina.Fil: Moreno, Rina. Hospital Nacional Profesor Alejandro Posadas, El Palomar, Buenos Aires; Argentina.Fil: Lutz, Maria I. Hospital Nacional Profesor Alejandro Posadas, El Palomar, Buenos Aires; Argentina.Fil: Panigasi, Alicia L. Hospital Nacional Profesor Alejandro Posadas, El Palomar, Buenos Aires; Argentina.Fil: Saligari, Liliana. Hospital Nacional Profesor Alejandro Posadas, El Palomar, Buenos Aires; Argentina.Fil: Caballero, Mauricio T. Hospital De Niños Sor María Ludovica, La Plata; Argentina.Fil: Egües Almeida, Rodrigo M. Hospital De Niños Sor María Ludovica, La Plata; Argentina.Fil: Gutierrez Meyer, Maria E. Hospital De Niños Sor María Ludovica, La Plata; Argentina.Fil: Neder, Maria D. Hospital General de Niños Pedro de Elizalde, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires; Argentina.Fil: Davenport, Maria C. Hospital General de Niños Pedro de Elizalde, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires; Argentina.Fil: Del Valle, Maria P. Hospital General de Niños Pedro de Elizalde, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires; Argentina.Fil: Santidrian, Valeria S. Hospital General de Niños Pedro de Elizalde, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires; Argentina.Fil: Mosca, Guillermina. Ministerio de Ciencia, Técnica e Innovación. Fundación Infant, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires; Argentina.Fil: Alvarez, Liliana. Hospital General de Agudos Carlos G. Durand, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires; Argentina.Fil: Landa, Patricia. Hospital General de Agudos Carlos G. Durand, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires; Argentina.Fil: Pota, Ana. Hospital General de Agudos Carlos G. Durand, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires; Argentina.Fil: Boloñati, Norma. Hospital General de Agudos Carlos G. Durand, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires; Argentina.Fil: Dalamon, Ricardo. Hospital General de Agudos Carlos G. Durand, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires; Argentina.Fil: Sanchez Mercol, Victoria I. Hospital Eva Perón, Benito Juárez, Buenos Aires; Argentina.Fil: Espinoza, Marco. Fundación Infant, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires; Argentina.Fil: Peuchot, Juan Carlos. Hospital Eva Perón, Benito Juárez, Buenos Aires; Argentina.Fil: Karolinski, Ariel. Hospital General de Agudos Carlos G. Durand, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires; Argentina.Fil: Bruno, Miriam. Hospital General de Agudos Carlos G. Durand, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires; Argentina.Fil: Borsa, Ana. Hospital General de Niños Pedro de Elizalde, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires; Argentina.Fil: Ferrero, Fernando. Hospital General de Niños Pedro de Elizalde, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires; Argentina.Fil: Bonina, Angel. Hospital De Niños Sor María Ludovica, La Plata; Argentina.Fil: Ramonet, Margarita. Hospital Nacional Profesor Alejandro Posadas, El Palomar, Buenos Aires; Argentina.Fil: Albano, Lidia C. Hospital Nacional Profesor Alejandro Posadas, El Palomar, Buenos Aires; Argentina.Fil: Luedicke, Nora. Ministerio de Ciencia, Técnica e Innovación. Fundación Infant, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires; Argentina.Fil: Alterman, Elias. Fundación Infant, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires; Argentina.Fil: Savy, Vilma L. ANLIS Dr.C.G.Malbrán. Instituto de Enfermedades Infecciosas; Argentina.Fil: Baumeister, Elsa. ANLIS Dr.C.G.Malbrán. Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Infecciosas. Departamento de Virología. Servicio de Virosis Respiratoria; Argentina.Fil: Chappell, James D. Vanderbilt University. Pathology, Nashville, Tennessee; Estados Unidos.Fil: Edwards, Kathryn M. Vanderbilt University. Departments of Pediatrics, Nashville, Tennessee; Estados Unidos.Fil: Melendi, Guillermina A. Vanderbilt University. Departments of Pediatrics, Nashville, Tennessee; Estados Unidos.Fil: Polack, Fernando P. Vanderbilt University. Departments of Pediatrics, Nashville, Tennessee; Estados Unidos.Background: While the Northern Hemisphere experiences the effects of the 2009 pandemic influenza A (H1N1) virus, data from the recent influenza season in the Southern Hemisphere can provide important information on the burden of disease in children. Methods: We conducted a retrospective case series involving children with acute infection of the lower respiratory tract or fever in whom 2009 H1N1 influenza was diagnosed on reverse-transcriptase polymerase-chain-reaction assay and who were admitted to one of six pediatric hospitals serving a catchment area of 1.2 million children. We compared rates of admission and death with those among age-matched children who had been infected with seasonal influenza strains in previous years. Results: Between May and July 2009, a total of 251 children were hospitalized with 2009 H1N1 influenza. Rates of hospitalization were double those for seasonal influenza in 2008. Of the children who were hospitalized, 47 (19%) were admitted to an intensive care unit, 42 (17%) required mechanical ventilation, and 13 (5%) died. The overall rate of death was 1.1 per 100,000 children, as compared with 0.1 per 100,000 children for seasonal influenza in 2007. (No pediatric deaths associated with seasonal influenza were reported in 2008.) Most deaths were caused by refractory hypoxemia in infants under 1 year of age (death rate, 7.6 per 100,000). Conclusions: Pandemic 2009 H1N1 influenza was associated with pediatric death rates that were 10 times the rates for seasonal influenza in previous years

Mothers' Views ofTheir Childbirth Experiences 2 Years Mter Planned Caesarean Versus Planned Vaginal Birth for Breech Presentation at Term, in the International Randomized Term Breech Trial

Objective: To compare mothers' views at 2 years postpartum after participation in a randomized trial of planned Caesarean and planned vaginal birth for a singleton fetus in breech presentation at term.Study Design: In selected centres in the Term Breech Trial, mothers completed a structured questionnaire at approximately 2 years postpartum to assess their likes and dislikes about their childbirth experiences and their views about their intrapartum care and care providers.Results: Of 1159 mothers from 85 centres, 917 (79.1%) completed a follow-up questionnaire at 2 years postpartum. Baseline information was similar for both the planned Caesarean and planned vaginal birth groups. Planned Caesarean was associated with less worry about the baby's health (P < 0.001 ). While other differences were noted in likes and dislikes about their childbirth experiences, women's evaluations of the quality of intrapartum care, the helpfulness of staff, and their involvement in decision-making did not differ in the planned Caesarean delivery and planned vaginal birth groups.Conclusion: Planned mode of delivery influences aspects of women's evaluations of their childbirth experiences but does not affect evaluations of the quality of intrapartum care, support from care providers, or amount of involvement in decision-making