Electrodepósito de cobre en carbón vitreo

En el presente trabajo se presenta el electrodepósito de cobre en un electrodo de carbón vitreo, mediante el uso de las técnicas electroquímicas (Voltamperometria ciclica y Cronoamperometria), obteniendo así diagramas de las técnicas los cuales se compararán con otros obtenidos bajo las mismas condiciones cambiando el electrodo de trabajo por un vidrio conductor ITO, el electrodeposito obtenido se pretende usar como óxido conductor para una celda tipo Gratzel. Usando la parte de reducción se obtuvo un depósito de cobre en el carbón vítreo a un potencial de -200mV, también podemos decir que, en ambos casos de depósito, está regido por la difusión, para el caso el depósito de ITO se observó que en los potenciales donde se aprecia mejor el depósito es entre -210 y -230mV que es bastante parecido a los potenciales de que se usaron en el carbón vítreo.In the present work, the copper electrodeposit is presented in a vitreous carbon electrode, using electrochemical techniques (cyclic voltammetry and chronoamperometry), thus obtaining diagrams of the techniques which will be compared with others obtained under the same conditions by changing the working electrode by an ITO conductive glass, the electrodeposit obtained is intended to be used as conductive oxide for a Gratzel type cell. Using the reduction part, a copper deposit was obtained in the vitreous carbon at a potential of -200mV, we can also say that, in both cases of deposit, it is governed by diffusion, for the case the ITO deposit was observed that in the potentials where the deposit is best appreciated is between -210 and -230mV which is quite similar to the potentials that were used in the vitreous coal

Effect of allergen-specific immunotherapy with purified Alt a1 on AMP responsiveness, exhaled nitric oxide and exhaled breath condensate pH: a randomized double blind study

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Little information is available on the effect of allergen-specific immunotherapy on airway responsiveness and markers in exhaled air. The aims of this study were to assess the safety of immunotherapy with purified natural Alt a1 and its effect on airway responsiveness to direct and indirect bronchoconstrictor agents and markers in exhaled air.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>This was a randomized double-blind trial. Subjects with allergic rhinitis with or without mild/moderate asthma sensitized to <it>A alternata </it>and who also had a positive skin prick test to Alt a1 were randomized to treatment with placebo (n = 18) or purified natural Alt a1 (n = 22) subcutaneously for 12 months. Bronchial responsiveness to adenosine 5'-monophosphate (AMP) and methacholine, exhaled nitric oxide (ENO), exhaled breath condensate (EBC) pH, and serum Alt a1-specific IgG₄antibodies were measured at baseline and after 6 and 12 months of treatment. Local and systemic adverse events were also registered.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>The mean (95% CI) allergen-specific IgG₄value for the active treatment group increased from 0.07 μg/mL (0.03-0.11) at baseline to 1.21 μg/mL (0.69-1.73, P < 0.001) at 6 months and to 1.62 μg/mL (1.02-2.22, P < 0.001) at 12 months of treatment. In the placebo group, IgG₄value increased nonsignificantly from 0.09 μg/mL (0.06-0.12) at baseline to 0.13 μg/mL (0.07-0.18) at 6 months and to 0.11 μg/mL (0.07-0.15) at 12 months of treatment. Changes in the active treatment group were significantly higher than in the placebo group both at 6 months (P < 0.001) and at 12 months of treatment (P < 0.0001). However, changes in AMP and methacholine responsiveness, ENO and EBC pH levels were not significantly different between treatment groups. The overall incidence of adverse events was comparable between the treatment groups.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Although allergen-specific immunotherapy with purified natural Alt a1 is well tolerated and induces an allergen-specific IgG₄response, treatment is not associated with changes in AMP or methacholine responsiveness or with significant improvements in markers of inflammation in exhaled air. These findings suggest dissociation between the immunotherapy-induced increase in IgG₄levels and its effect on airway responsiveness and inflammation.</p