38 research outputs found
Cramer-Rao analysis of steady-state and time-domain fluorescence diffuse optical imaging
Using a Cramer-Rao analysis, we study the theoretical performances of a time and spatially resolved fDOT imaging system for jointly estimating the position and the concentration of a point-wide fluorescent volume in a diffusive sample. We show that the fluorescence lifetime is a critical parameter for the precision of the technique. A time resolved fDOT system that does not use spatial information is also considered. In certain cases, a simple steady-state configuration may be as efficient as this time resolved fDOT system
Revisiting the Effects of Gender Diversity in Small Groups on Divergent Thinking: A Large-Scale Study Using Synchronous Electronic Brainstorming
Numerous studies have examined the effects of gender diversity in groups on creative performance, and no clear effect has been identified. Findings depend on situational cues making gender diversity more or less salient in groups. A large-scale study on two cohorts (N = 2,261) was conducted among business students to examine the impact of the gender diversity in small groups on divergent thinking in an idea-generation task performed by synchronous electronic brainstorming. Participants were automatically randomized in three- or four-member groups to generate ideas during 10 min on a gendered or neutral task. Then, five categories of groups where the proportion of men/women in groups varied from three/four men to three/four women were compared to examine creative performance on three divergent thinking measures (fluency, flexibility, and originality). A Multivariate Generalized Linear Mixed Model (mGLMM) showed greater fluency in all-women groups than in other groups (except mixed-gender groups composed of two men and two women), and more specifically âsoloâ groups composed of a single woman/man among a majority of men/women. For flexibility and originality, the superiority of all-women groups was found only in comparison to âsoloâ groups composed of a single woman. As gender differences are more salient in âsoloâ groups than in other groups faultlines may appear in groups, leading to a deleterious impact on creative performance
Enjeux de l'histoire de l'anthropologie : d'hier Ă aujourd'hui
Blanckaert Claude, Ducros Albert, Hublin Jean-Jacques. Enjeux de l'histoire de l'anthropologie : d'hier à aujourd'hui. In: Bulletins et Mémoires de la Société d'anthropologie de Paris, Nouvelle Série. Tome 1 fascicule 3-4, 1989. pp. 5-12
Adsorption de lâĂ©thane sur rhĂ©nium et platine en ultra-vide et inhibition par lâoxygĂšne
On Ă©tudie la chimisorption de lâĂ©thane sur le rhĂ©nium et le platine. Pour des tempĂ©ratures supĂ©rieures Ă 1 300 °K, lâĂ©nergie dâactivation dâadsorption est de 6.5 kcal/mole sur le rhĂ©nium et de 1,9 kcal/mole sur le platine. En dessous de 600 °K, elle devient nĂ©gative et de lâordre de â 3 Ă â 4 kcal/mole sur le rhĂ©nium.Un modĂšle qui postule lâadsorption de lâĂ©thane sur des sites actifs, les crans dans les marches de la surface, rend compte de ces rĂ©sultats. Le nombre de crans dĂ©pend de la tempĂ©rature aux tempĂ©ratures Ă©levĂ©es, ce qui entraĂźne lâexistence dâune Ă©nergie dâactivation positive. Aux tempĂ©ratures moyennes, le phĂ©nomĂšne limitaleur devient la diffusion superficielle dâun prĂ©curseur mobile sur la surface, ce qui change lâĂ©nergie dâactivation.LâoxygĂšne inhibe le chimisorption de lâĂ©thane sur le platine et le rhĂ©nium. En prĂ©sence dâun large excĂšs dâoxygĂšne, lâinhibition ne dĂ©pend que de lâĂ©quilibre d'adsorplion-dĂ©sorption de lâoxygĂšne ce qui permet de retrouver approximativement la chaleur isostĂ©rique dâadsorption de lâoxygĂšne
Gestion de la pandémie COVID-19 et politiques de prévention
ÂDes diffĂ©rences de gestion de la pandĂ©mie liĂ©e au nouveau coronavirus responsable du COVID-19 sont observĂ©es entre la Suisse, la CorĂ©e du Sud et Singapour. Celles-ci sont-elles retrouvĂ©es dans les politiques de prĂ©vention des maladies non transmissibles de ces trois pays? ElĂ©ments de rĂ©flexions
Homo actuosus, de la chasse au sport
Ducros Albert, Dutour Olivier, Hublin Jean-Jacques, Pineau Jean-Claude. Homo actuosus, de la chasse au sport. In: Bulletins et Mémoires de la Société d'anthropologie de Paris, Nouvelle Série. Tome 4 fascicule 3-4, 1992. p. 141
Homo actuosus, de la chasse au sport
Ducros Albert, Dutour Olivier, Hublin Jean-Jacques, Pineau Jean-Claude. Homo actuosus, de la chasse au sport. In: Bulletins et Mémoires de la Société d'anthropologie de Paris, Nouvelle Série. Tome 4 fascicule 3-4, 1992. p. 141