Dynamical recovery of SU(2) symmetry in the mass-quenched Hubbard model

We use non-equilibrium dynamical mean-field theory with iterative perturbation theory as an impurity solver to study the recovery of $SU(2)$ symmetry in real-time following a hopping integral parameter quench from a mass-imbalanced to a mass-balanced single-band Hubbard model at half-filling. A dynamical order parameter $\gamma(t)$ is defined to characterize the evolution of the system towards $SU(2)$ symmetry. By comparing the momentum dependent occupation from an equilibrium calculation (with the $SU(2)$ symmetric Hamiltonian after the quench at an effective temperature) with the data from our non-equilibrium calculation, we conclude that the $SU(2)$ symmetry recovered state is a thermalized state. Further evidence from the evolution of the density of states supports this conclusion. At the same time, we find the order parameter in the weak Coulomb interaction regime undergoes an approximate exponential decay. We numerically investigate the interplay of the relevant parameters (initial temperature, Coulomb interaction strength, initial mass-imbalance ratio) and their combined effect on the thermalization behavior. Finally, we study evolution of the order parameter as the hopping parameter is changed with either a linear ramp or a pulse. Our results can be useful in strategies to engineer the relaxation behavior of interacting, quantum many-particle systems.Comment: 8 pages, 6 figure

The limit behavior of the evolution of Tsallis entropy in self-gravitating systems

In this letter, we study the limit behavior of the evolution of Tsallis entropy in self-gravitating systems. The study is carried out under two different situations, drawing the same conclusion. No matter in the energy transfer process or in the mass transfer process inside the system, when nonextensive parameter q is more than unity, the total entropy is bounded; on the contrary, when this parameter is less than unity, the total entropy is unbounded. There are proofs in both theory and observation that the q is always more than unity. So the Tsallis entropy in self-gravitating system generally exhibits a bounded property. This indicates the existence of global maximum of Tsallis entropy. It is possible for self-gravitating systems to evolve to thermodynamically stable states

Penalized variable selection procedure for Cox models with semiparametric relative risk

We study the Cox models with semiparametric relative risk, which can be partially linear with one nonparametric component, or multiple additive or nonadditive nonparametric components. A penalized partial likelihood procedure is proposed to simultaneously estimate the parameters and select variables for both the parametric and the nonparametric parts. Two penalties are applied sequentially. The first penalty, governing the smoothness of the multivariate nonlinear covariate effect function, provides a smoothing spline ANOVA framework that is exploited to derive an empirical model selection tool for the nonparametric part. The second penalty, either the smoothly-clipped-absolute-deviation (SCAD) penalty or the adaptive LASSO penalty, achieves variable selection in the parametric part. We show that the resulting estimator of the parametric part possesses the oracle property, and that the estimator of the nonparametric part achieves the optimal rate of convergence. The proposed procedures are shown to work well in simulation experiments, and then applied to a real data example on sexually transmitted diseases.Comment: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/09-AOS780 the Annals of Statistics (http://www.imstat.org/aos/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org

Metal-insulator transition in three-band Hubbard model with strong spin-orbit interaction

Recent investigations suggest that both spin-orbit coupling and electron correlation play very crucial roles in the $5d$ transition metal oxides. By using the generalized Gutzwiller variational method and dynamical mean-field theory with the hybridization expansion continuous time quantum Monte Carlo as impurity solver, the three-band Hubbard model with full Hund's rule coupling and spin-orbit interaction terms, which contains the essential physics of partially filled $t_{2g}$ sub-shell of $5d$ materials, is studied systematically. The calculated phase diagram of this model exhibits three distinct phase regions, including metal, band insulator and Mott insulator respectively. We find that the spin-orbit coupling term intends to greatly enhance the tendency of the Mott insulator phase. Furthermore, the influence of the electron-electron interaction on the effective strength of spin-orbit coupling in the metallic phase is studied in detail. We conclude that the electron correlation effect on the effective spin-orbit coupling is far beyond the mean-field treatment even in the intermediate coupling region.Comment: 8 pages, 8 figure

Floquet band structure of a semi-Dirac system

In this work we use Floquet-Bloch theory to study the influence of circularly and linearly polarized light on two-dimensional band structures with semi-Dirac band touching points, taking the anisotropic nearest neighbor hopping model on the honeycomb lattice as an example. We find circularly polarized light opens a gap and induces a band inversion to create a finite Chern number in the two-band model. By contrast, linearly polarized light can either open up a gap (polarized in the quadratically dispersing direction) or split the semi-Dirac band touching point into two Dirac points (polarized in the linearly dispersing direction) by an amount that depends on the amplitude of the light. Motivated by recent pump-probe experiments, we investigated the non-equilibrium spectral properties and momentum-dependent spin-texture of our model in the Floquet state following a quench in absence of phonons, and in the presence of phonon dissipation that leads to a steady-state independent of the pump protocol. Finally, we make connections to optical measurements by computing the frequency dependence of the longitudinal and transverse optical conductivity for this two-band model. We analyze the various contributions from inter-band transitions and different Floquet modes. Our results suggest strategies for optically controlling band structures and experimentally measuring topological Floquet systems.Comment: 17 pages, 8 figure

The electronic structure of NaIrO3_3, Mott insulator or band insulator?

Motivated by the unveiled complexity of nonmagnetic insulating behavior in pentavalent post-perovskite NaIrO$_3$, we have studied its electronic structure and phase diagram in the plane of Coulomb repulsive interaction and spin-orbit coupling (SOC) by using the newly developed local density approximation plus Gutzwiller method. Our theoretical study proposes the metal-insulator transition can be generated by two different physical pictures: renormalized band insulator or Mott insulator regime. For the realistic material parameters in NaIrO$_3$, Coulomb interaction $U=2.0 (J=U/4)$ eV and SOC strength $\eta=0.33$ eV, it tends to favor the renormalized band insulator picture as revealed by our study.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figure