448 research outputs found

    Наработка изотопов 11C и 18F. Получение радиофармпрепарата «Глюкоза 11C»

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    Обобщены результаты наработки фотоядерным способом изотопов 11С и 18F в различных мишенях-матрицах. Исследования выполнены на линейных ускорителях электронов НИК "Ускоритель" ННЦ ХФТИ НАН Украины в диапазоне энергий 10 -40 МэВ для выяснения возможностей получения максимально достижимых уровней активности изотопов 11С, и 18F с целью планирования дальнейших разработок по созданию на основе этих изотопов радиофармпрепарата (РФП) для ядерной медицины. В рамках вышеизложенного подхода нами проведены измерения уровней активности изотопа 18F переходящего в окружающую водную среду при облучении мишеней–матриц из фторопласта (С2F4) потоком тормозного излучения. Выход изотопа 18F в водную среду в самых благоприятных условиях (по энергии и среднему току пучка) составил 3,6 % от величины активности матрицы 40 МБк/г, что является весьма низким показателем. Несмотря на обнадеживающее значение удельной активности изотопа 18F в мишенях–матрицах фторида лития (LiF) -77 МБк/г и плавиковой кислоты (НF) – близкой к 100 МБк/г вопрос извлечения изотопа 18F из матриц С2F4, LiF и НF для приготовления на его основе РФП остается открытым и ставит под сомнение целесообразность такой методологии наработки изотопа 18F для дальнейшего использования. Более результативной оказалась наработка изотопа 11С в облученной мишене-матрице стандартной лечебной формы «глюкозы моногидрат» (глюкоза). Показано, что в результате облучения глюкозы пучком гамма-квантов удается осуществить «мечение» глюкозы изотопом 11С, который образуется в результате фотоядерной реакции 12С(γ,n)11C на ядре 12С, входящем в состав молекулы глюкозы - С6Н12О6 · H2O. Облученный образец глюкозы, растворенный в заданном объеме растворителя (дистиллированной воды) будет готовым к использованию РФП «Глюкоза, 11C». Показано, что «фотоядерный метод» обеспечивает получение РФП «Глюкоза, 11C» с полной активностью, необходимой для проведения ПЭТ диагностики. РФП «Глюкоза, 11C» к моменту его использования обладает 100% радионуклидной чистотой. РФП «Глюкоза, 11C» таким способом получен впервые. Обсуждается выбор оптимальной конструкции водоохлаждаемого мишенного устройства, обеспечивающего щадящий (в смысле тепловых нагрузок) режим облучения капсулы, заполненной таблетками глюкозы. Используя программу “SolidWorks FlowSimulation 2011”, рассчитаны количественные характеристики скоростей потоков воды, обтекающих капсулу с глюкозой и конвертер

    Les droits disciplinaires des fonctions publiques : « unification », « harmonisation » ou « distanciation ». A propos de la loi du 26 avril 2016 relative à la déontologie et aux droits et obligations des fonctionnaires

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    The production of tt‾ , W+bb‾ and W+cc‾ is studied in the forward region of proton–proton collisions collected at a centre-of-mass energy of 8 TeV by the LHCb experiment, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 1.98±0.02 fb−1 . The W bosons are reconstructed in the decays W→ℓν , where ℓ denotes muon or electron, while the b and c quarks are reconstructed as jets. All measured cross-sections are in agreement with next-to-leading-order Standard Model predictions.The production of ttt\overline{t}, W+bbW+b\overline{b} and W+ccW+c\overline{c} is studied in the forward region of proton-proton collisions collected at a centre-of-mass energy of 8 TeV by the LHCb experiment, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 1.98 ±\pm 0.02 \mbox{fb}^{-1}. The WW bosons are reconstructed in the decays WνW\rightarrow\ell\nu, where \ell denotes muon or electron, while the bb and cc quarks are reconstructed as jets. All measured cross-sections are in agreement with next-to-leading-order Standard Model predictions

    LHCb upgrade software and computing : technical design report

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    This document reports the Research and Development activities that are carried out in the software and computing domains in view of the upgrade of the LHCb experiment. The implementation of a full software trigger implies major changes in the core software framework, in the event data model, and in the reconstruction algorithms. The increase of the data volumes for both real and simulated datasets requires a corresponding scaling of the distributed computing infrastructure. An implementation plan in both domains is presented, together with a risk assessment analysis

    Physics case for an LHCb Upgrade II - Opportunities in flavour physics, and beyond, in the HL-LHC era

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    The LHCb Upgrade II will fully exploit the flavour-physics opportunities of the HL-LHC, and study additional physics topics that take advantage of the forward acceptance of the LHCb spectrometer. The LHCb Upgrade I will begin operation in 2020. Consolidation will occur, and modest enhancements of the Upgrade I detector will be installed, in Long Shutdown 3 of the LHC (2025) and these are discussed here. The main Upgrade II detector will be installed in long shutdown 4 of the LHC (2030) and will build on the strengths of the current LHCb experiment and the Upgrade I. It will operate at a luminosity up to 2×1034 cm−2s−1, ten times that of the Upgrade I detector. New detector components will improve the intrinsic performance of the experiment in certain key areas. An Expression Of Interest proposing Upgrade II was submitted in February 2017. The physics case for the Upgrade II is presented here in more depth. CP-violating phases will be measured with precisions unattainable at any other envisaged facility. The experiment will probe b → sl+l−and b → dl+l− transitions in both muon and electron decays in modes not accessible at Upgrade I. Minimal flavour violation will be tested with a precision measurement of the ratio of B(B0 → μ+μ−)/B(Bs → μ+μ−). Probing charm CP violation at the 10−5 level may result in its long sought discovery. Major advances in hadron spectroscopy will be possible, which will be powerful probes of low energy QCD. Upgrade II potentially will have the highest sensitivity of all the LHC experiments on the Higgs to charm-quark couplings. Generically, the new physics mass scale probed, for fixed couplings, will almost double compared with the pre-HL-LHC era; this extended reach for flavour physics is similar to that which would be achieved by the HE-LHC proposal for the energy frontier

    Observation of the B0 → ρ0ρ0 decay from an amplitude analysis of B0 → (π+π−)(π+π−) decays

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    Proton–proton collision data recorded in 2011 and 2012 by the LHCb experiment, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 3.0 fb−1 , are analysed to search for the charmless B0→ρ0ρ0 decay. More than 600 B0→(π+π−)(π+π−) signal decays are selected and used to perform an amplitude analysis, under the assumption of no CP violation in the decay, from which the B0→ρ0ρ0 decay is observed for the first time with 7.1 standard deviations significance. The fraction of B0→ρ0ρ0 decays yielding a longitudinally polarised final state is measured to be fL=0.745−0.058+0.048(stat)±0.034(syst) . The B0→ρ0ρ0 branching fraction, using the B0→ϕK⁎(892)0 decay as reference, is also reported as B(B0→ρ0ρ0)=(0.94±0.17(stat)±0.09(syst)±0.06(BF))×10−6

    Measurement of the (eta c)(1S) production cross-section in proton-proton collisions via the decay (eta c)(1S) -> p(p)over-bar

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    The production of the ηc(1S)\eta_c (1S) state in proton-proton collisions is probed via its decay to the ppˉp \bar{p} final state with the LHCb detector, in the rapidity range 2.06.52.0 6.5 GeV/c. The cross-section for prompt production of ηc(1S)\eta_c (1S) mesons relative to the prompt J/ψJ/\psi cross-section is measured, for the first time, to be σηc(1S)/σJ/ψ=1.74±0.29±0.28±0.18B\sigma_{\eta_c (1S)}/\sigma_{J/\psi} = 1.74 \pm 0.29 \pm 0.28 \pm 0.18 _{B} at a centre-of-mass energy s=7\sqrt{s} = 7 TeV using data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 0.7 fb1^{-1}, and σηc(1S)/σJ/ψ=1.60±0.29±0.25±0.17B\sigma_{\eta_c (1S)}/\sigma_{J/\psi} = 1.60 \pm 0.29 \pm 0.25 \pm 0.17 _{B} at s=8\sqrt{s} = 8 TeV using 2.0 fb1^{-1}. The uncertainties quoted are, in order, statistical, systematic, and that on the ratio of branching fractions of the ηc(1S)\eta_c (1S) and J/ψJ/\psi decays to the ppˉp \bar{p} final state. In addition, the inclusive branching fraction of bb-hadron decays into ηc(1S)\eta_c (1S) mesons is measured, for the first time, to be B(bηcX)=(4.88±0.64±0.25±0.67B)×103B ( b \rightarrow \eta_c X ) = (4.88 \pm 0.64 \pm 0.25 \pm 0.67 _{B}) \times 10^{-3}, where the third uncertainty includes also the uncertainty on the J/ψJ/\psi inclusive branching fraction from bb-hadron decays. The difference between the J/ψJ/\psi and ηc(1S)\eta_c (1S) meson masses is determined to be 114.7±1.5±0.1114.7 \pm 1.5 \pm 0.1 MeV/c2^2.The production of the ηc(1S)\eta _c (1S) state in proton-proton collisions is probed via its decay to the ppp\overline{p} final state with the LHCb detector, in the rapidity range 2.06.5GeV/c2.0 6.5 \mathrm{{\,GeV/}{ c}} . The cross-section for prompt production of ηc(1S)\eta _c (1S) mesons relative to the prompt J/ψ{{ J}}/{\psi } cross-section is measured, for the first time, to be σηc(1S)/σJ/ψ=1.74±0.29±0.28±0.18B\sigma _{\eta _c (1S)}/\sigma _{{{{ J}}/{\psi }}} = 1.74\, \pm \,0.29\, \pm \, 0.28\, \pm \,0.18 _{{\mathcal{B}}} at a centre-of-mass energy s=7 TeV{\sqrt{s}} = 7 {~\mathrm{TeV}} using data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 0.7 fb1^{-1} , and σηc(1S)/σJ/ψ=1.60±0.29±0.25±0.17B\sigma _{\eta _c (1S)}/\sigma _{{{{ J}}/{\psi }}} = 1.60 \pm 0.29 \pm 0.25 \pm 0.17 _{{\mathcal{B}}} at s=8 TeV{\sqrt{s}} = 8 {~\mathrm{TeV}} using 2.0 fb1^{-1} . The uncertainties quoted are, in order, statistical, systematic, and that on the ratio of branching fractions of the ηc(1S)\eta _c (1S) and J/ψ{{ J}}/{\psi } decays to the ppp\overline{p} final state. In addition, the inclusive branching fraction of b{b} -hadron decays into ηc(1S)\eta _c (1S) mesons is measured, for the first time, to be B(bηcX)=(4.88±0.64±0.29±0.67B)×103{\mathcal{B}}( b {\rightarrow } \eta _c X ) = (4.88\, \pm \,0.64\, \pm \,0.29\, \pm \, 0.67 _{{\mathcal{B}}}) \times 10^{-3} , where the third uncertainty includes also the uncertainty on the J/ψ{{ J}}/{\psi } inclusive branching fraction from b{b} -hadron decays. The difference between the J/ψ{{ J}}/{\psi } and ηc(1S)\eta _c (1S) meson masses is determined to be 114.7±1.5±0.1MeV ⁣/c2114.7 \pm 1.5 \pm 0.1 {\mathrm {\,MeV\!/}c^2} .The production of the ηc(1S)\eta_c (1S) state in proton-proton collisions is probed via its decay to the ppˉp \bar{p} final state with the LHCb detector, in the rapidity range 2.06.52.0 6.5 GeV/c. The cross-section for prompt production of ηc(1S)\eta_c (1S) mesons relative to the prompt J/ψJ/\psi cross-section is measured, for the first time, to be σηc(1S)/σJ/ψ=1.74±0.29±0.28±0.18B\sigma_{\eta_c (1S)}/\sigma_{J/\psi} = 1.74 \pm 0.29 \pm 0.28 \pm 0.18 _{B} at a centre-of-mass energy s=7\sqrt{s} = 7 TeV using data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 0.7 fb1^{-1}, and σηc(1S)/σJ/ψ=1.60±0.29±0.25±0.17B\sigma_{\eta_c (1S)}/\sigma_{J/\psi} = 1.60 \pm 0.29 \pm 0.25 \pm 0.17 _{B} at s=8\sqrt{s} = 8 TeV using 2.0 fb1^{-1}. The uncertainties quoted are, in order, statistical, systematic, and that on the ratio of branching fractions of the ηc(1S)\eta_c (1S) and J/ψJ/\psi decays to the ppˉp \bar{p} final state. In addition, the inclusive branching fraction of bb-hadron decays into ηc(1S)\eta_c (1S) mesons is measured, for the first time, to be B(bηcX)=(4.88±0.64±0.29±0.67B)×103B ( b \rightarrow \eta_c X ) = (4.88 \pm 0.64 \pm 0.29 \pm 0.67 _{B}) \times 10^{-3}, where the third uncertainty includes also the uncertainty on the J/ψJ/\psi inclusive branching fraction from bb-hadron decays. The difference between the J/ψJ/\psi and ηc(1S)\eta_c (1S) meson masses is determined to be 114.7±1.5±0.1114.7 \pm 1.5 \pm 0.1 MeV/c2^2

    A study of CP violation in B-+/- -> DK +/- and B-+/- -> D pi(+/-) decays with D -> (KSK +/-)-K-0 pi(-/+) final states

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    A first study of CP violation in the decay modes B±[KS0K±π]Dh±B^\pm\to [K^0_{\rm S} K^\pm \pi^\mp]_D h^\pm and B±[KS0Kπ±]Dh±B^\pm\to [K^0_{\rm S} K^\mp \pi^\pm]_D h^\pm, where hh labels a KK or π\pi meson and DD labels a D0D^0 or D0\overline{D}^0 meson, is performed. The analysis uses the LHCb data set collected in pppp collisions, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 3 fb1^{-1}. The analysis is sensitive to the CP-violating CKM phase γ\gamma through seven observables: one charge asymmetry in each of the four modes and three ratios of the charge-integrated yields. The results are consistent with measurements of γ\gamma using other decay modes

    Study of the rare B-s(0) and B-0 decays into the pi(+) pi(-) mu(+) mu(-) final state

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    A search for the rare decays Bs0π+πμ+μB_s^0 \to \pi^+\pi^-\mu^+\mu^- and B0π+πμ+μB^0 \to \pi^+\pi^-\mu^+\mu^- is performed in a data set corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 3.0 fb1^{-1} collected by the LHCb detector in proton-proton collisions at centre-of-mass energies of 7 and 8 TeV. Decay candidates with pion pairs that have invariant mass in the range 0.5-1.3 GeV/c2c^2 and with muon pairs that do not originate from a resonance are considered. The first observation of the decay Bs0π+πμ+μB_s^0 \to \pi^+\pi^-\mu^+\mu^- and the first evidence of the decay B0π+πμ+μB^0 \to \pi^+\pi^-\mu^+\mu^- are obtained and the branching fractions are measured to be B(Bs0π+πμ+μ)=(8.6±1.5(stat)±0.7(syst)±0.7(norm))×108\mathcal{B}(B_s^0 \to \pi^+\pi^-\mu^+\mu^-)=(8.6\pm 1.5\,({\rm stat}) \pm 0.7\,({\rm syst})\pm 0.7\,({\rm norm}))\times 10^{-8} and B(B0π+πμ+μ)=(2.11±0.51(stat)±0.15(syst)±0.16(norm))×108\mathcal{B}(B^0 \to \pi^+\pi^-\mu^+\mu^-)=(2.11\pm 0.51\,({\rm stat}) \pm 0.15\,({\rm syst})\pm 0.16\,({\rm norm}) )\times 10^{-8}, where the third uncertainty is due to the branching fraction of the decay B0J/ψ(μ+μ)K(890)0(K+π)B^0\to J/\psi(\to \mu^+\mu^-)K^*(890)^0(\to K^+\pi^-), used as a normalisation.A search for the rare decays Bs0→π+π−μ+μ− and B0→π+π−μ+μ− is performed in a data set corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 3.0 fb−1 collected by the LHCb detector in proton–proton collisions at centre-of-mass energies of 7 and 8 TeV . Decay candidates with pion pairs that have invariant mass in the range 0.5–1.3 GeV/c2 and with muon pairs that do not originate from a resonance are considered. The first observation of the decay Bs0→π+π−μ+μ− and the first evidence of the decay B0→π+π−μ+μ− are obtained and the branching fractions, restricted to the dipion-mass range considered, are measured to be B(Bs0→π+π−μ+μ−)=(8.6±1.5 (stat)±0.7 (syst)±0.7(norm))×10−8 and B(B0→π+π−μ+μ−)=(2.11±0.51(stat)±0.15(syst)±0.16(norm))×10−8 , where the third uncertainty is due to the branching fraction of the decay B0→J/ψ(→μ+μ−)K⁎(892)0(→K+π−) , used as a normalisation.A search for the rare decays Bs0→π+π−μ+μ− and B0→π+π−μ+μ− is performed in a data set corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 3.0 fb−1 collected by the LHCb detector in proton–proton collisions at centre-of-mass energies of 7 and 8 TeV . Decay candidates with pion pairs that have invariant mass in the range 0.5–1.3 GeV/c2 and with muon pairs that do not originate from a resonance are considered. The first observation of the decay Bs0→π+π−μ+μ− and the first evidence of the decay B0→π+π−μ+μ− are obtained and the branching fractions, restricted to the dipion-mass range considered, are measured to be B(Bs0→π+π−μ+μ−)=(8.6±1.5 (stat)±0.7 (syst)±0.7(norm))×10−8 and B(B0→π+π−μ+μ−)=(2.11±0.51(stat)±0.15(syst)±0.16(norm))×10−8 , where the third uncertainty is due to the branching fraction of the decay B0→J/ψ(→μ+μ−)K⁎(892)0(→K+π−) , used as a normalisation.A search for the rare decays Bs0π+πμ+μB_s^0 \to \pi^+\pi^-\mu^+\mu^- and B0π+πμ+μB^0 \to \pi^+\pi^-\mu^+\mu^- is performed in a data set corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 3.0 fb1^{-1} collected by the LHCb detector in proton-proton collisions at centre-of-mass energies of 7 and 8 TeV. Decay candidates with pion pairs that have invariant mass in the range 0.5-1.3 GeV/c2c^2 and with muon pairs that do not originate from a resonance are considered. The first observation of the decay Bs0π+πμ+μB_s^0 \to \pi^+\pi^-\mu^+\mu^- and the first evidence of the decay B0π+πμ+μB^0 \to \pi^+\pi^-\mu^+\mu^- are obtained and the branching fractions, restricted to the dipion-mass range considered, are measured to be B(Bs0π+πμ+μ)=(8.6±1.5(stat)±0.7(syst)±0.7(norm))×108\mathcal{B}(B_s^0 \to \pi^+\pi^-\mu^+\mu^-)=(8.6\pm 1.5\,({\rm stat}) \pm 0.7\,({\rm syst})\pm 0.7\,({\rm norm}))\times 10^{-8} and B(B0π+πμ+μ)=(2.11±0.51(stat)±0.15(syst)±0.16(norm))×108\mathcal{B}(B^0 \to \pi^+\pi^-\mu^+\mu^-)=(2.11\pm 0.51\,({\rm stat}) \pm 0.15\,({\rm syst})\pm 0.16\,({\rm norm}) )\times 10^{-8}, where the third uncertainty is due to the branching fraction of the decay B0J/ψ(μ+μ)K(890)0(K+π)B^0\to J/\psi(\to \mu^+\mu^-)K^*(890)^0(\to K^+\pi^-), used as a normalisation

    Search for the lepton flavour violating decay tau(-) -> mu(-)mu(+)mu(-)

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    A search for the lepton flavour violating decay τμμ+μ\tau^-\rightarrow\mu^-\mu^+\mu^- is performed with the LHCb experiment. The data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 1.0 fb1^{−1} of proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 7 TeV and 2.0 fb1^{−1} at 8 TeV. No evidence is found for a signal, and a limit is set at 90% confidence level on the branching fraction, B(τμμ+μ)<4.6×108\mathcal{B}(\tau^-\rightarrow\mu^-\mu^+\mu^-)<4.6\times10^{−8}.A search for the lepton flavour violating decay τ^{−} → μ^{−} μ+^{+} μ^{−} is performed with the LHCb experiment. The data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 1.0 fb1^{−1} of proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 7 TeV and 2.0 fb1^{−1} at 8 TeV. No evidence is found for a signal, and a limit is set at 90% confidence level on the branching fraction, B(τμμ+μ)<4.6×108 \mathrm{\mathcal{B}}\left({\tau}^{-}\to {\mu}^{-}{\mu}^{+}{\mu}^{-}\right)<4.6\times {10}^{-8} .A search for the lepton flavour violating decay τμμ+μ\tau^-\to \mu^-\mu^+\mu^- is performed with the LHCb experiment. The data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 1.0fb11.0\mathrm{\,fb}^{-1} of proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 7TeV7\mathrm{\,Te\kern -0.1em V} and 2.0fb12.0\mathrm{\,fb}^{-1} at 8TeV8\mathrm{\,Te\kern -0.1em V}. No evidence is found for a signal, and a limit is set at 90%90\% confidence level on the branching fraction, B(τμμ+μ)<4.6×108\mathcal{B}(\tau^-\to \mu^-\mu^+\mu^-) < 4.6 \times 10^{-8}

    Studies of beauty baryon decays to D0ph− and Λ+ch− final states

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