1,241 research outputs found
Spin polarization of carriers in InGaAs self-assembled quantum rings inserted in GaAs-AlGaAs resonant tunneling devices
In this work, we have investigated transport and polarization resolved photoluminescence (PL) of n-type GaAs-AlGaAs resonant tunneling diodes (RTDs) containing a layer of InGaAs self-assembled quantum rings (QRs) in the quantum well (QW). All measurements were performed under applied voltage, magnetic fields up to 15 T and using linearly polarized laser excitation. It was observed that the QRs’ PL intensity and the circular polarization degree (CPD) oscillate periodically with applied voltage under high magnetic fields at 2 K. Our results demonstrate an effective voltage control of the optical and spin properties of InGaAs QRs inserted into RTDs
Unexpected outcome from Trousseau syndrome
<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Unprovoked superficial thrombophlebitis and subsequent venous thromboembolism are well-described albeit rare presenting features of advanced visceral malignancy that often manifest too late for curative intervention to be beneficial.</p> <p>Case Presentation</p> <p>We present the first reported case of early gastric carcinoma presenting with these paraneoplastic phenomena in an otherwise healthy farmer. The early presentation allowed for a curative partial gastrectomy, which itself was complicated by the presence of a deep vein thrombosis extending into the inferior vena cava. Fortunately, stabilization of the clot allowed for surgery to proceed without the need for a caval filter. The patient was referred for adjuvant chemotherapy and has since made an excellent recovery.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>This case provides new evidence for the presentation of superficial thrombophlebitis in early gastric carcinoma and the potential for curative surgery in such instances. A high index of suspicion and a prompt diagnostic workup are essential for timely planning and execution of surgery in these early albeit rare presentations.</p
Strain-induced Evolution of Electronic Band Structures in a Twisted Graphene Bilayer
Here we study the evolution of local electronic properties of a twisted
graphene bilayer induced by a strain and a high curvature. The strain and
curvature strongly affect the local band structures of the twisted graphene
bilayer; the energy difference of the two low-energy van Hove singularities
decreases with increasing the lattice deformations and the states condensed
into well-defined pseudo-Landau levels, which mimic the quantization of massive
Dirac fermions in a magnetic field of about 100 T, along a graphene wrinkle.
The joint effect of strain and out-of-plane distortion in the graphene wrinkle
also results in a valley polarization with a significant gap, i.e., the
eight-fold degenerate Landau level at the charge neutrality point is splitted
into two four-fold degenerate quartets polarized on each layer. These results
suggest that strained graphene bilayer could be an ideal platform to realize
the high-temperature zero-field quantum valley Hall effect.Comment: 4 figure
Social interaction, noise and antibiotic-mediated switches in the intestinal microbiota
The intestinal microbiota plays important roles in digestion and resistance
against entero-pathogens. As with other ecosystems, its species composition is
resilient against small disturbances but strong perturbations such as
antibiotics can affect the consortium dramatically. Antibiotic cessation does
not necessarily restore pre-treatment conditions and disturbed microbiota are
often susceptible to pathogen invasion. Here we propose a mathematical model to
explain how antibiotic-mediated switches in the microbiota composition can
result from simple social interactions between antibiotic-tolerant and
antibiotic-sensitive bacterial groups. We build a two-species (e.g. two
functional-groups) model and identify regions of domination by
antibiotic-sensitive or antibiotic-tolerant bacteria, as well as a region of
multistability where domination by either group is possible. Using a new
framework that we derived from statistical physics, we calculate the duration
of each microbiota composition state. This is shown to depend on the balance
between random fluctuations in the bacterial densities and the strength of
microbial interactions. The singular value decomposition of recent metagenomic
data confirms our assumption of grouping microbes as antibiotic-tolerant or
antibiotic-sensitive in response to a single antibiotic. Our methodology can be
extended to multiple bacterial groups and thus it provides an ecological
formalism to help interpret the present surge in microbiome data.Comment: 20 pages, 5 figures accepted for publication in Plos Comp Bio.
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