The Experiences of Non-Signing Deaf and Hard-of-Hearing Students and Their Academic and Social Integration Into A Primarily Signing Deaf University Environment

What is the value of a predominantly signing Deaf University such as Gallaudet University for an oral deaf or hard-of-hearing non-signing student who grew up in the mainstreamed or inclusive educational settings? This study sought to explore the experiences of ten non-signing oral deaf and hard-of-hearing university students as they integrated, both academically and socially, into a predominantly signing d/Deaf university environment and the subsequent impact on their identity development. Using a qualitative grounded theory methodology to focus on the individual meaning that these students ascribe to their experience using their own words, codes, categories, and themes emerged in an inductive process that created a substantive theory describing the experience of these students. The final key category that embodied the overall emerging theory is the participant's process of developing a positive identity as a deaf or hard-of-hearing individual. The support categories for this key category are: * Diagnosis: Setting the stage for `self as different' * On the margins of the mainstream: Passing for Hearing * Catalyst: Gallaudet University as a gateway to a new community and language, `meeting others like me'. * Transitions: Finding a sense of place and self * Moving from the margins to the center: Developing a positive and affirmative identity as a Deaf or Hard-of-hearing person What emerged out of this transitional experience is a transformative and life changing story of individuals who enter a new community, meet others like themselves, learn American Sign Language (ASL), and in the process develop a positive and affirmative identity as a deaf or hard-of-hearing individual. Overall, the emerging substantive theory based on the participants experiences is one that embodies the participants process of developing a positive and affirmative Deaf or Hard-of-hearing identity

A comparison of the estimated consumption functions for meat from two different samples

The objectives of this study were (1) to determine if a 1967 survey on meat consumption in Knoxville, Tennessee, conducted by Williams was taken from the same population as a 1965 survey on food consumption in urban areas of the South conducted by the Consumer and Food Research Division of the Agricultural Research Service, and (2) to compare the estimated consumption functions for meat for these two data sets. The information presented in the two data sets was made as alike as possible. The two data sets were combined to form a third data set. These three data sets were analyzed using the same models. Ordinary least squares regression was utilized in the analysis. Six models were fitted using both total quantity and total expenditures as the dependent variables. Models I and II assumed the dependent variables to be functions of annual household disposable income and 17 other socio-economic factors while Models III, IV, V, and VI assumed total quantity and total expenditures were functions of income only. Income for Models I and III were coded from 1 to 14 representing 14 different income groups. For Models II and IV, income was treated as 14 different 0,1 dummy variables, a dummy variable representing each income group. These income groups were as follows: under $1,000;$1,000-1,999, $2,000-2,999;$3,000-3,999, $4,000-4,999;$5,000-5,999; $6,000-6,999;$7,000-7,999, $8,000-8,999,$9,000-9,999; $10,000-11,999;$12,000-14,999; $15,000-24,999; and$25,000 or over. Model V measured income in groups of $0-2,999;$3,000-5,999; $6,000-8,999;$9,000-11,999; and $12,000 or over. Model VI measured income in groups of$0-1,999; $2,000-3,999;$4,000-5,999; $6,000-7,999;$8,000-9,999; $10,000-14,999; and$15,000 or over. There existed a 0,1 dummy variable for each income group for Models V and VI. Varying results were obtained from the use of these six models. Different amounts of variation in total quantity and total expenditures were explained for the Knoxville Survey and the \u2765 Household Survey. These models also found different variables significant for the two data sets. The same sign did not always appear for a given variable for both data sets. However, a general dip in consumption in both data sets did occur. By using a form of the F test, it was concluded that the Knoxville Survey data and the \u2765 Household Survey data did not have the same relationship to meat consumption and expenditures for meat

Accuracy of SenseWear Pro2 armband to predict resting energy expenditure in childhood obesity.

OBJECTIVE: We evaluate the accuracy of the SenseWear Pro2 Armband (SWA) in estimating resting energy expenditure (REE) in children and adolescents with obesity, using indirect calorimetry (IC) as a reference. DESIGN AND METHODS: REE was assessed using both the SWA and IC in 40 obese subjects (26 M/14 F, age 11.5±2.57 years, z-score BMI 3.14±0.53). The agreement between methods was assessed by the Bland-Altman procedure. The relationship between REE assessments and patients' characteristics was also analyzed. RESULTS: SWA- and IC-derived estimates of REE showed a significant correlation (r=0.614; P<0.001), but the SWA overestimated mean REE by 13% (P<0.001). Age and kg of fat-free mass (kgFFM) were significantly correlated with both REE estimation by SWA (r=0.434 and r=0.564; respectively) and IC (r=0.401 and r=0.518; respectively). Only kgFFM was demonstrated to be the main predictor factor of REE variability (r2 79% SWA; 75% IC). CONCLUSIONS: The SWA overestimated mean REE in childhood obesity, suggesting that the SWA and IC are not yet interchangeable methods. This would require improving the SWA by developing better algorithms for predicting REE and, probably, bias in each individual REE could be reduced by an adjustment for subjects' kgFFM

Response of protein S100B to playing American football, lifting weights, and treadmill running

Objective To determine if serum S100B increases similarly as a result of playing American football compared to exercise alone.Methods Serum S100B was measured in division III collegiate football players before and after every home game during a single football season. Serum S100B was also measured before and after subjects walked on a treadmill for 30 minutes at a leisurely pace, ran on a treadmill while wearing and not wearing a football helmet at 6 mph for 8 minutes, and performed low, moderate, or high intensity resistance exercise.Results Serum S100B increased significantly (p&lt;0.05) when subjects played in a football game, ran on a treadmill, or performed moderate intensity resistance exercise. Pre‐game serum S100B did not accumulate throughout the football season in any of the players (p&gt;0.05). The increase in serum S100B during football games was moderately and significantly correlated to both the number of hits (R2=0.407) and plays (R2=0.484) that each player experienced (p&lt;0.001). Post‐game serum S100B was greater in football players who played more than 50 plays compared to those players who played less than 50 plays, subjects who exercised on a treadmill, or subjects performing resistance exercise (p&lt;0.05).Conclusion It is unclear if the higher S100B concentration in football players playing at least 50 plays was caused by exercise or hits. Therefore, if serum S100B is to be used as a biomarker of impacts, and possible brain injury in sport, exercise time and intensity should be taken into account as confounding variables

Seabed Observations at the New England Mud Patch: Reflection and Scattering Measurements and Direct Geoacoustic Information

Seabed reflection and scattering measurements were conducted at the New England Mud Patch to better understand the acoustic properties of fine-grained (muddy) sediments. The measurement philosophy and the measurements themselves are summarized. In addition, geoacoustic information accessed directly from the data in the time and frequency domains is presented. The main result is the existence of an angle of intromission. This observation proves that the mud sound speed is less than that of the water and yields a sediment sound speed ratio 0.9865 with outer bounds {0.985 0.989}. Another result is the observation of strong scattered arrivals from within the mud volume at/near normal incidence but not at low grazing angles. These are likely due to anisotropic sediment heterogeneities with a large horizontal to vertical scale. Evidence is also presented for a highly heterogeneous mud–sand horizon with lateral variability down to scales of order meters. Finally, the reflection measurements successfully capture Bragg interference patterns. Their importance is their substantial geoacoustic information content, which can be accessed by several inversion methods

Bringing Success to the First Year: PBIS Starter Tips

Sugar Hill Elementary is excited to share our PBIS first year success story. Now in our second year of implementation, we will provide starter tips to other schools in their beginning stages. The presentation will outline the steps to create a matrix based on school-wide expectations, present activities to help gain staff buy-in, describe ways to solicit help from the community to enhance the incentive program, and explain how to structure lessons that are manageable for all staff members and/or parents to implement. We’ll also share our lessons learned when implementing this framework

Job Satisfaction of High School Assistant Principals as Related to Their Perceptions of Principals' Behavior as Leaders

The purpose of this study was to determine whether in Georgia the job satisfaction of high school assistant principals was related to the perception of the principals' behavior as leaders. Perceptions of the leaders' behavior were measured by responses to the Leader Behavior Description Questionnaire. The Minnesota Satisfaction Questionnaire was administered to obtain job satisfaction scores. Pearson correlations indicated that job satisfaction is associated with leaders' behavior and that race, experience in education, size of school, level of education, and years of experience as assistant principals have little effect on job satisfaction. Considerate behavior of leaders was most related to job satisfaction. </jats:p