Address of Judge Donald A. McDonald, President of the Superior Court Judges\u27 Association

I was confronted with considerable difficulty in knowing just what I could say that was either entertaining or instructive in 10 minutes. It occurred to me that you might wonder as to just what this organization is that I represent

10kHz Pulse Repetition Frequency CO2 Laser for Processing High Damage Threshold Materials

Power intensities generated at the workpiece by continuous wave carbon dioxide lasers at 10.6 mum are insufficient to induce the non-conduction limited processes necessary for machining many of the refractory metals and ceramics employed in the manufacture of engineering components. Operated in a pulsed mode, analogous to solid state laser operation, the CO2:N2 laser can be designed to overcome these power intensity limitations. Nitrogen Carbon-dioxide mixtures can be pulse excited to give high output pulse intensities combined with a relatively low mean output power, thus, minimising thermal degradation of the optical system. Flat topped pulses with plateau powers controlled and matched to the processing requirements of metals and ceramics can be generated by proper choice of the input electrical pumping pulse, gas composition and design parameters of the optical resonator. Continuous machining is possible provided pulse repetition frequencies of up to 10 kHz can be achieved, since, at this frequency, a constantly evaporating liquid phase can be sustained

Rapid changes in shape and number of MHC class II expressing cells in rat airways after Mycoplasma pulmonis infection

This article is made available for unrestricted research re-use and secondary analysis in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for the duration of the World Health Organization (WHO) declaration of COVID-19 as a global pandemic.Mycoplasma pulmonis infection in rodents causes a chronic inflammatory airway disease with a strong immunological component, leading to mucosal remodeling and angiogenesis. We sought to determine the effect of this infection on the shape and number of dendritic cells and other major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II expressing cells in the airway mucosa of Wistar rats. Changes in the shape of subepithelial OX6 (anti-MHC class II)-immunoreactive cells were evident in the tracheal mucosa 2 days after intranasal inoculation with M. pulmonis. By 1 week, the shape of the cells had changed from stellate to rounded (mean shape index increased from 0.42 to 0.77). The number of OX6-positive cells was increased 6-fold at 1 week and 16-fold at 4 weeks. Coincident with these changes, many columnar epithelial cells developed OX6 immunoreactivity, which was still present at 4 weeks. We conclude that M. pulmonis infection creates a potent immunologic stimulus that augments and transforms the OX6-immunoreactive cell population in the airways by changing the functional state of airway dendritic cells, initiating an influx of MHC class II expressing cells, and activating expression of MHC class II molecules by airway epithelial cells

The Courts and Early Bar of Washington Territory

Territorial justice in Washington had its roots in the judicial system of Oregon Territory, where the need for the administration of law and order was the motivating force which initiated the formation of civil authority The administration of justice, like the civil authority, must expand as the population grows and as the territorial area becomes larger and better organized. Strong men are always needed in the administration of justice; but in the frontier settlement where law and order are often flouted with impunity, even stronger men are needed if the courts are to command the respect which is their due. Law and order is the first essential attribute of a civil society, no less on the frontier than in the densely populated urban community. The history of the courts of Washington Territory was no exception to this rule. Their organization and development at all times, kept pace with the growth of the Territory At all times its judges were learned in the law , even if on occasion their moral and social make-up were not above suspicion

The Courts and Early Bar of the Washington Territory

Territorial justice in Washington had its roots in the judicial system of Oregon Territory, where the need for the administration of law and order was the motivating force which initiated the formation of civil authority The adnmnstration of justice, like the civil authority, must expand as the population grows and as the territorial area becomes larger and better organized. Strong men are always needed in the administration of justice; but in the frontier settlement where law and order are often flouted with impunity, even stronger men are needed if the courts are to command the respect which is their due. Law and order is the first essential attribute of a civil society, no less on the frontier than in the densely populated urban community

Preliminary Results of a Statistical Analysis of a Long-Term Limnological Study of The Coralville Reservoir

The Coralville Reservoir, located on the Iowa River upstream from Iowa City, has been the subject of an intensive limnological study for the past five years. Interpretation of the physical, chemical and biological data obtained was difficult due to the large numbers of parameters measured and the frequency of sampling. The application of various statistical methods was undertaken in order to aid in analysis of the data. Preliminary correlation analyses yielded some meaningful correlations but had severe limitations. Auto-covariance and auto-correlation analysis for each parameter as well as cross-covariance and correlation tests between a number of parameters yielded useful data on the presence or absence of periodic components. Auto-covariance curves obtained from the study appear to be useful in determining optimal sampling frequency for each parameter