Kekhasan Lokal Kurikulum Inti Pendidikan Arsitektur Berbasis Kompetensi

Sistem pendidikan tinggi merupaka nsuatu proses yang memiliki empat tahapan pokok yaitu :masukan, proses, luaran, dan hasilikutan (outcomes). Kurikulum pendidikan bertujuan untuk menghasilkan lulusan yang profesional dan berkualitas serta memiliki ciri utama sebagai implementasi terhadap aspek kekhasan lokal.Pendidikan arsitektur yang diselenggarakan pada perguruan tinggi dapat meliputi jenis dan jenjang penyelenggaraan pendidikan yang bersifat mendasar. Namun pada jenjang pendidikan kearsitekturan, keragaman kurikulum sangat penting untuk diangkat sebagai benang merah pendidikan arsitektur yang berbasis kompetensi sebagai tuntutan global.Di sampingitu, Perubahankurikulum terjadi akibat adanya otonomi perguruan tinggi yang di jamin sesuai Undang-Undang Sistem Pendidikan Nasional, yang member kelonggaran terhadap perguruan tinggi untu kmenentukan dan mengembangkan kurikulumnya.Hal ini juga penting untuk diungkapkan karena menyangkut ciri dan kekhasan lokal serta keunikan wilayah yang dapat diangkat menjadi bagian atau jiwa dari kurikulum inti pada penyelenggaraan pendidikan tinggiberada.   Kata Kunci : kekhasan lokal, pendidikan arsitektur, kompetensi, kurikulum inti

PEMANFAATAN BUAH MATOA SEBAGAI CITA RASA ES KRIM YANG BARU

Matoa (Pometia pinnata Frost.) adalah buah asli dari Papua yang mempunyai cita rasa yang khas yaitu seperti rasa rambutan bercampur kelengkeng dan durian. Buah matoa selama ini hanya dikonsumsi segar dan belum banyak dijadikan makanan olahan. Es krim adalah produk pangan beku yang dibuat melalui kombinasi pembekuan dan agitasi. Mutu dan nilai gizi es krim sangat tergantung pada bahan baku dan cara penanganannya. Penambahan buah segar dapat meningkatkan nilai gizi es krim yang dihasilkan. Penelitian bertujuan untuk memanfaatkan buah matoa sebagai cita rasa es krim yang baru yaitu dengan menambahkan daging buah matoa ke dalam campuran es krim. Metode penelitian adalah deskriptif kuantitatif dengan perlakuan penambahan daging buah matoa cacah sebanyak 10% (P1), 20%(P2) dan 30%(P3) serta satu perlakuan kontrol (K/blangko). Mutu es krim yang dianalisa adalah overrun dan daya leleh, serta dilakukan analisa sensoris yang meliputi uji kesukaan terhadap rasa, tekstur, warna dan aroma es krim yang dihasilkan. Es krim yang paling disukai baik dari segi rasa, tekstur, warna dan aroma adalah perlakuan penambahan daging buah matoa sebanyak 20% (P2) yaitu dengan nilai 4 (suka). Namun pada perlakuan tersebut belum dapat memberikan overrun dan daya leleh yang terbaik

Genetic polymorphism of the iron-regulatory protein-1 and -2 genes in age-related macular degeneration

Iron can be involved in the pathogenesis of AMD through the oxidative stress because it may catalyze the Haber–Weiss and Fenton reactions converting hydrogen peroxide to free radicals, which can induce cellular damage. We hypothesized that genetic polymorphism in genes related to iron metabolism may predispose individuals to the development of AMD and therefore we checked for an association between the g.32373708 G>A polymorphism (rs867469) of the IRP1 gene and the g.49520870 G>A (rs17483548) polymorphism of the IRP2 gene and AMD risk as well as the modulation of this association by some environmental and life-style factors. Genotypes were determined in DNA from blood of 269 AMD patients and 116 controls by the allele-specific oligonucleotide-restriction fragment length polymorphism and the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism. An association between AMD, dry and wet forms of AMD and the G/G genotype of the g.32373708 G>A-IRP1 polymorphism was found (OR 3.40, 4.15, and 2.75). On the other hand, the G/A genotype reduced the risk of AMD as well as its dry or wet form (OR 0.23, 0.21, 0.26). Moreover, the G allele of the g.49520870 G>A-IRP2 polymorphism increased the risk of the dry form of the disease (OR 1.51) and the A/A genotype and the A allele decreased such risk (OR 0.43 and 0.66). Our data suggest that the g.32373708 G>A-IRP1 and g.49520870 G>A-IRP2 polymorphisms may be associated with increased risk for AMD

Treatment of Rat Spinal Cord Injury with the Neurotrophic Factor Albumin-Oleic Acid: Translational Application for Paralysis, Spasticity and Pain

Sensorimotor dysfunction following incomplete spinal cord injury (iSCI) is often characterized by the debilitating symptoms of paralysis, spasticity and pain, which require treatment with novel pleiotropic pharmacological agents. Previous in vitro studies suggest that Albumin (Alb) and Oleic Acid (OA) may play a role together as an endogenous neurotrophic factor. Although Alb can promote basic recovery of motor function after iSCI, the therapeutic effect of OA or Alb-OA on a known translational measure of SCI associated with symptoms of spasticity and change in nociception has not been studied. Following T9 spinal contusion injury in Wistar rats, intrathecal treatment with: i) Saline, ii) Alb (0.4 nanomoles), iii) OA (80 nanomoles), iv) Alb-Elaidic acid (0.4/80 nanomoles), or v) Alb-OA (0.4/80 nanomoles) were evaluated on basic motor function, temporal summation of noxious reflex activity, and with a new test of descending modulation of spinal activity below the SCI up to one month after injury. Albumin, OA and Alb-OA treatment inhibited nociceptive Tibialis Anterior (TA) reflex activity. Moreover Alb-OA synergistically promoted early recovery of locomotor activity to 50±10% of control and promoted de novo phasic descending inhibition of TA noxious reflex activity to 47±5% following non-invasive electrical conditioning stimulation applied above the iSCI. Spinal L4–L5 immunohistochemistry demonstrated a unique increase in serotonin fibre innervation up to 4.2±1.1 and 2.3±0.3 fold within the dorsal and ventral horn respectively with Alb-OA treatment when compared to uninjured tissue, in addition to a reduction in NR1 NMDA receptor phosphorylation and microglia reactivity. Early recovery of voluntary motor function accompanied with tonic and de novo phasic descending inhibition of nociceptive TA flexor reflex activity following Alb-OA treatment, mediated via known endogenous spinal mechanisms of action, suggests a clinical application of this novel neurotrophic factor for the treatment of paralysis, spasticity and pain

Práticas de regulação das aprendizagens de estagiários do 1º ciclo do ensino básico de Portugal

O estudo sobre as práticas de regulação das aprendizagens de estagiários do 1º ciclo do ensino básico permitiu-nos concluir que, resultante da prática da avaliação formativa contínua, a regulação incide, sobretudo, nas dificuldades de aprendizagem dos alunos. Utilizam estratégias de regulação corretivas, mas também, de regulação interativa. Mais condicionadas foram as estratégias de regulação dos diferentes ritmos de trabalho e de aprendizagem dos alunos

Transient protective effect of caspase inhibitors in RCS rat

International audienceIn most retinal degenerations in humans and in animal models, photoreceptor cells die by apoptosis. Although the biochemical features are similar in all apoptotic cells, different molecular events lead the cell to death. In the present study we used a rat model of inherited retinal degeneration, the RCS rats, to investigate the involvement of the proteases, caspases and/or calpains, in photoreceptor apoptosis. In the first experiments, rats were untreated or injected intravitreally at post natal day 27 (P27) with the large broad spectrum caspase inhibitor, ZVAD, the calpain inhibitor, MuhPhe, or with the vehicle, DMSO. Retinal status was evaluated at P35 and P42 by electroretinography, morphometry and apoptotic nuclei detection. DMSO and MuhPhe had no effect on RCS retinas as evidenced by equivalent loss of function and equivalent number of apoptotic cells than in untreated group. ZVAD transiently reduced apoptotic cells and preserved photoreceptor function at P35 but not at P42. These results suggest that caspases but not calpains are involved in retinal degeneration in the RCS. In the second experiments, RCS rats were injected twice at P27 and P35 with ZVAD or DMSO. Although ZVAD-treated retinas were preserved at P35 compared to the DMSO controls, the second injection of ZVAD did not extend the preserving effect to P42. Moreover, a single injection of ZVAD at P35 had no preserving effect at P42. All these data taken together suggest that caspases do not play a pivotal role after P35. In a fourth set of experiments, we used specific caspase inhibitors to elucidate which caspase was activated. The caspase-1/4 inhibitor (YVAD) or the caspase-3/7 inhibitor (DEVD) were injected intravitreally at P27 and retinal status was evaluated at P35 and P42. Electroretinograms and apoptotic nuclei detection demonstrated that YVAD and DEVD preserved photoreceptors at P35 but not at P42. These results suggest that both caspase-1/4 and caspase-3/7 play a major role in the apoptotic pathway between P27 and P35 in retinal degeneration of RCS rats. In this study, we show that 1/ the photoreceptor apoptotic process in the RCS rat involves caspases but not calpains, and 2/ the retinal degeneration seems to be composed of different phases involving different molecular players. Indeed, we have demonstrated that caspases are playing a major role at P35, but not at P42