Alznerisches Verb aus synchroner Sicht

Vor Ihnen liegt der Band „Die deutsche Sprache in vielfältigen Forschungsparadigmen”, welcher das Resultat des neunten Linguistischen Doktorandentreffens ist, das in Zusammenarbeit mit den germanistischen Einrichtungen der Universitäten Warschau und Poznań am 9. Mai 2015 an der Universität Łódź stattgefunden hat. An dem Treffen nahmen Doktorandinnen und Doktoranden mit ihren wissenschaftlichen Betreuerinnen und Betreuern teil, die die Universitäten in Warschau, Poznań, Rzeszów, Lublin und Łódź vertreten haben. Sie hatten die Aufgabe, ihre Promotionsprojekte vorzustellen und zu diskutieren, die sie zu verschiedenen Forschungsthemen aus dem Bereich der germanistischen Linguistik ausgearbeitet haben. Die Autorinnen und Autoren konzentrierten sich in ihren Vorträgen auf relevante linguistische Phänomene der deutschen Sprache aus den Bereichen der Morphologie, Textlinguistik, Gesprächsanalyse, Phraseologie, der Hypermedien sowie des Diskurses und der Problematik der Mehrsprachigkeit, die in unterschiedlichen Forschungsparadigmen linguistischen Analysen unterzogen wurden. Die Ergebnisse dieser Analysen finden ihre Widerspiegelung im vorliegenden Band.Der vorliegende Artikel stellt das alznerische Verb aus synchroner Perspektive dar. Zuerst werden der alznerische Ethnolekt und seine Geschichte kurz geschildert. Nächstens wird die Morphologie des Verbs analysiert, in Anlehnung an "Linguistisches Analysemodell" von Józef Darski. Sowohl Grundformen (z.B. Infinitiv, Partizip Perfekt, Paradigmen des Präsens und des Präteritums) als auch zusammengesetzte Konstruktionen (wie Perfekt, Futur oder Passiv) werden besprochen; zu allen werden Beispiele angeführt. Des Weiteren wird die Syntax der verbalen Konstruktionen umrissen – insbesondere konzentriert man sich auf die Position des Finitums und des potenziellen Finitums, sowohl in einfachen als auch in zusammengesetzten Äußerungen im Indikativ. Im Artikel wird auch das Projekt „Spracherbe Polens. Dokumentationsbank bedrohter Sprachen“ dargestellt, in dessen Rahmen der Ethnolekt erforscht wird.The article presents the Halcnovian verb from the synchronic point of view. In its first part it contains the description of the Halcnovian ethnolect and its history. Then, the morphology of the Halcnovian verb is analysed. The methodology has been taken from the "Linguistisches Analysemodell" of Józef Darski. The author describes both the basic forms (for example: infinitive, past participle, paradigms of the present and past tense) and complex constructions (for example: perfect, future, passive voice); there are also given numerous examples to each analysed phenomenon. In the last part the syntax of verbal constructions is presented: mainly the position of the finitum and the potential finitum in simple and complex phrases is considered. In addition, there is shortly presented also the research project “Dziedzictwo językowe Rzeczypospolitej. Baza dokumentacji języków zagrożonych” (“Poland’s Linguistic Heritage. Documentation Database for Endangered Languages”), because the ethnolect is explored in its context.Die vorliegende Publikation ist durch die Philologische Fakultät der Universität Łódź und den Verband Stowarzyszenie Nauczycieli Akademickich na rzecz Krzewienia Kultury Języków Europejskich finanziell gefördert worden. Ein wissenschaftliches Projekt finanziert im Rahmen des Programms des Ministers für Wissenschaft und Hochschulwesen „Nationales Programm zur Entwicklung der Humanistik“ in den Jahren 2012–2013. (Praca naukowa finansowana w ramach programu Ministra Nauki i Szkolnictwa Wyższego pod nazwą “Narodowy Program Rozwoju Humanistyki” w latach 2012–2013.

Development of a PECVD Tetraethylorthosilicate (TEOS) Fill Process for Shallow Trench Isolation

As transistors have decreased in size and increased in packing density, a need has arisen for an alternative to the LOCOS method of isolation. Shallow trench isolation (STI) offers superior packing density and stronger immunity to latch up with other side benefits. A TEOS oxide fill for STI is a good choice because its mobile chemical precursors offer a high level of conformality. A plasma enhanced deposition of this oxide allows for greater control over film characteristics. A designed experiment was created to examine the effects of temperature, RF power, and substrate position (measured through electrode spacing) on the oxide quality and fill ability. High quality oxide with void free fill ability was found with the processes conditions: temperature of 350C, RF power of 350W and electrode spacing of 225mils

Characteristics and outcomes of patients who did not respond to a national spine surgery registry

Background Loss to follow-up may bias outcome assessments in medical registries. This cohort study aimed to analyze and compare patients who failed to respond with those that responded to the Norwegian Registry for Spine Surgery (NORspine). Methods We analyzed a cohort of 474 consecutive patients operated for lumbar spinal stenosis at four public hospitals in Norway during a two-year period. These patients reported sociodemographic data, preoperative symptoms, and Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), numerical rating scales (NRS) for back and leg pain to NORspine at baseline and 12 months postoperatively. We contacted all patients who did not respond to NORspine after 12 months. Those who responded were termed responsive non-respondents and compared to 12 months respondents. Results One hundred forty (30%) did not respond to NORspine 12 months after surgery and 123 were available for additional follow-up. Sixty-four of the 123 non-respondents (52%) responded to a cross-sectional survey done at a median of 50 (36–64) months after surgery. At baseline, non-respondents were younger 63 (SD 11.7) vs. 68 (SD 9.9) years (mean difference (95% CI) 4.7 years (2.6 to 6.7); p= <0.001) and more frequently smokers 41 (30%) vs. 70 (21%) RR (95%CI)=1.40 (1.01 to 1.95); p=0.044. There were no other relevant differences in other sociodemographic variables or preoperative symptoms. We found no differences in the effect of surgery on non-respondents vs. respondents (ODI (SD)=28.2 (19.9) vs. 25.2 (18.9), MD (95%CI)=3.0 ( -2.1 to 8.1); p=0.250). Conclusion We found that 30% of patients did not respond to NORspine at 12 months after spine surgery. Non-respondents were somewhat younger and smoked more frequently than respondents; however, there were no differences in patient-reported outcome measures. Our findings suggest that attrition bias in NORspine was random and due to non-modifable factors

Effect of acid whey and freeze-dried cranberries on lipid oxidation and fatty acid composition of nitrite-/nitrate-free fermented sausage made from deer meat

Objective This study evaluated the effect of acid whey and freeze-dried cranberries on the physicochemical characteristics, lipid oxidation and fatty acid composition of nitrite-free fermented sausage made from deer meat and pork fat. Antioxidant interactions between acid whey and cranberry compounds were also explored. Methods Four formulations of fermented venison sausage were prepared: F1 (control), F2 (with 5% liquid acid whey), F3 (with 0.06% of freeze-dried cranberries), and F4 (with 5% liquid acid whey and 0.06% of freeze-dried cranberries). Each sample was analyzed for pH, water activity (aw), heme iron content, 2-thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) value and conjugated dienes at the end of the manufacturing process and at 30 and 90 days of refrigerated storage. Fatty acid composition was measured once at the end of the manufacturing process. Results At the end of ripening, all samples presented statistically different values for a pH range of 4.47 to pH 4.59. The sum of the unsaturated fatty acids was higher, while the conjugated diene and the TBARS values were lower in sausages with freeze-dried cranberries as compared to the control sausage. The highest content of heme iron (21.52 mg/kg) at day 90 was found in the sausage formulation with the addition of freeze-dried cranberries, which suggests that the addition of cranberries stabilized the porphyrin ring of the heme molecule during storage and thereby reduced the release of iron. The use of liquid acid whey in combination with cranberries appears to not be justified in view of the oxidative stability of the obtained products. Conclusion The results suggest that the application of freeze-dried cranberries can lower the intensity of oxidative changes during the storage of nitrite-free fermented sausage made from deer meat

Effect of sonication on technological properties of beef

Обробка м’яса ультразвуком у період трупного задубіння призводить до прискорення процесів старіння (пом’якшення тканин). Ця обробка істотно не впливала на кислотність тканини та на втрату ваги, але поліпшувала ніжність м’яса. Визначені технологічні властивості досліджених зразків можуть бути наслідком впливу ультразвуку на структуру білків м’яса. Внаслідок обробки ультразвуком відбулося збільшення концентрації вільних іонів кальцію. Отримані результати показали, що обробка ультразвуком може бути ефективним методом формування технологічних властивостей яловичини.Обробка м’яса ультразвуком у період трупного задубіння призводить до прискорення процесів старіння (пом’якшення тканин). Ця обробка істотно не впливала на кислотність тканини та на втрату ваги, але поліпшувала ніжність м’яса. Визначені технологічні властивості досліджених зразків можуть бути наслідком впливу ультразвуку на структуру білків м’яса. Внаслідок обробки ультразвуком відбулося збільшення концентрації вільних іонів кальцію. Отримані результати показали, що обробка ультразвуком може бути ефективним методом формування технологічних властивостей яловичини.Ultrasound treatment during rigor mortis period led to an acceleration of aging processes. No significant influence of sonication on acidity during ageing was observed. Ultrasound treatment did not influence the lightness, but according to the shear force measurements, improve meat tenderness. Differentiated technological properties of examined samples may result from influence of ultrasound on protein structures of meat. As a result of ultrasound treatment an increase of free calcium ions concentration occurred. Obtained results pointed out that sonication may be an effective method of formation of technological properties of beef during ageing

Incidental dural tears associated with worse clinical outcomes in patients operated for lumbar spinal stenosis

Study design: Retrospective cohort study. Objective: Incidental dural (ID) tear is a common complication of spine surgery with a prevalence of 4-10%. The association between ID and clinical outcome is uncertain. Former studies found only minor differences in Oswestry Disability Index (ODI). We aimed to examine the association of ID with treatment failure after surgery for lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS). Methods: Between 2007 and 2017, 11,873 LSS patients reported to the national Norwegian spine registry (NORspine), and 8,919 (75.1%) completed the 12-month follow-up. We used multivariate logistic regression to study the association between ID and failure after surgery, defined as no effect or any degrees of worsening; we also compared mean ODI between those who suffered a perioperative ID and those who did not. Results: The mean (95% CI) age was 66.6 (66.4-66.9) years, and 52% were females. The mean (95% CI) preoperative ODI score (95% CI) was 39.8 (39.4-40.1); all patients were operated on with decompression, and 1125 (12.6%) had an additional fusion procedure. The prevalence of ID was 4.9% (439/8919), and the prevalence of failure was 20.6% (1829/8919). Unadjusted odds ratio (OR) (95% CI) for failure for ID was 1.51 (1.22-1.88); p < 0.001, adjusted OR (95% CI) was 1.44 (1.11-1.86); p = 0.002. Mean postoperative ODI 12 months after surgery was 27.9 for ID vs. 23.6 for no ID. Conclusion: We demonstrated a significant association between ID and increased odds for patient-reported failure 12 months after surgery. However, the magnitude of the detrimental effect of ID on the clinical outcome was small.publishedVersio

Impact of the number of previous lumbar operations on patient-reported outcomes after surgery for lumbar spinal stenosis or lumbar disc herniation

Aims - Repeated lumbar spine surgery has been associated with inferior clinical outcomes. This study aimed to examine and quantify the impact of this association in a national clinical register cohort. Methods - This is a population-based study from the Norwegian Registry for Spine surgery (NORspine). We included 26,723 consecutive cases operated for lumbar spinal stenosis or lumbar disc herniation from January 2007 to December 2018. The primary outcome was the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), presented as the proportions reaching a patient-acceptable symptom state (PASS; defined as an ODI raw score ≤ 22) and ODI raw and change scores at 12-month follow-up. Secondary outcomes were the Global Perceived Effect scale, the numerical rating scale for pain, the EuroQoL five-dimensions health questionnaire, occurrence of perioperative complications and wound infections, and working capability. Binary logistic regression analysis was conducted to examine how the number of previous operations influenced the odds of not reaching a PASS. Results - The proportion reaching a PASS decreased from 66.0% (95% confidence interval (CI) 65.4 to 66.7) in cases with no previous operation to 22.0% (95% CI 15.2 to 30.3) in cases with four or more previous operations (p Conclusion - We found a dose-response relationship between increasing number of previous operations and inferior outcomes among patients operated for degenerative conditions in the lumbar spine. This information should be considered in the shared decision-making process prior to elective spine surgery

Innovative alternative technologies to extract carotenoids from microalgae and seaweeds

Marine microalgae and seaweeds (microalgae) represent a sustainable source of various bioactive natural carotenoids, including β-carotene, lutein, astaxanthin, zeaxanthin, violaxanthin and fucoxanthin. Recently, the large-scale production of carotenoids from algal sources has gained significant interest with respect to commercial and industrial applications for health, nutrition, and cosmetic applications. Although conventional processing technologies, based on solvent extraction, offer a simple approach to isolating carotenoids, they suffer several, inherent limitations, including low efficiency (extraction yield), selectivity (purity), high solvent consumption, and long treatment times, which have led to advancements in the search for innovative extraction technologies. This comprehensive review summarizes the recent trends in the extraction of carotenoids from microalgae and seaweeds through the assistance of different innovative techniques, such as pulsed electric fields, liquid pressurization, supercritical fluids, subcritical fluids, microwaves, ultrasounds, and high-pressure homogenization. In particular, the review critically analyzes technologies, characteristics, advantages, and shortcomings of the different innovative processes, highlighting the differences in terms of yield, selectivity, and economic and environmental sustainability