572 research outputs found
The contribution of work and non-work stressors to common mental disorders in the 2007 Adult Psychiatric Morbidity Survey
Evidence for an effect of work stressors on common mental disorders (CMD) has increased over the past decade. However, studies have not considered whether the effects of work stressors on CMD remain after taking co-occurring non-work stressors into account.
Method. Data were from the 2007 Adult Psychiatric Morbidity Survey, a national population survey of participants
>= 16 years living in private households in England. This paper analyses data from employed working age
participants (N=3383: 1804 males; 1579 females). ICD-10 diagnoses for depressive episode, generalized anxiety
disorder, obsessive compulsive disorder, agoraphobia, social phobia, panic or mixed anxiety and depression in the
past week were derived using a structured diagnostic interview. Questionnaires assessed self-reported work stressors
and non-work stressors.
Results. The effects of work stressors on CMD were not explained by co-existing non-work stressors. We found
independent effects of work and non-work stressors on CMD. Job stress, whether conceptualized as job strain or
effort–reward imbalance, together with lower levels of social support at work, recent stressful life events, domestic
violence, caring responsibilities, lower levels of non-work social support, debt and poor housing quality were all
independently associated with CMD. Social support at home and debt did not influence the effect of work stressors
on CMD.
Conclusions. Non-work stressors do not appear to make people more susceptible to work stressors ; both contribute
to CMD. Tackling workplace stress is likely to benefit employee psychological health even if the employee’s home life
is stressful but interventions incorporating non-work stressors may also be effective
The toll of stalking: the relationship between features of stalking and psychopathology of victims.
Information on the psychological consequences of stalking on victims is scarce. The present study aimed to investigate whether stalking victims have a heightened prevalence of psychopathology and the extent to which symptom levels are associated with stalking features. Stalking victims (N = 241) completed the General Health Questionnaire and provided information on specific features of their stalking experiences. High levels of psychopathology were found among stalking victims. Symptom levels were comparable with those of psychiatric outpatients. The frequency, pervasiveness, duration, and cessation of stalking were associated with symptom levels but explained only 9% of the variance of the level of distress. It is concluded that stalking victims generally have many symptoms of psychopathology. The symptoms are largely independent of features of their stalking experience. These findings indicate that better therapy outcomes can be expected from therapies focusing on boosting general coping skills and on decreasing general vulnerability than from therapies focusing on specifically dealing with the stalking situation
The Impact of Major Events on the Lives of Family Caregivers of Children with Disabilities
Copyright 1996 Families International, Inc.The authors examine the family caregiving experience among families with children with severe emotional
disabilities from a perspective that recognizes the importance of the family's views and feelings. This viewpoint anticipates
the occurrence of both positive and negative experiences and seeks to illuminate the caregiving process from the perspective
of outcomes achieved. Family caregivers of 164 children with serious emotional disorders were asked to identify
major pleasant and stressful events that had occurred in the past 12 months. The most frequently described pleasant
events related to children's behavior, school activities, and interactions with professionals and friends. Frequently described
problem areas included children's behavior, professionals/services, and difficulty with school. The impact of these
pleasant and stressful events was examined with respect to caregivers' perceived well-being: (I) overall stress, (2) the
ability to fulfill responsibilities, and (3) pleasure experienced in various life domains. Implications of the study findings
for supporting family caregivers in their roles are discussed
Role of Perceived Social Support on Depression in Chinese Adolescents: A Prospective Study Examining the Buffering Model
Will the Public's Health Fall Victim to the Home Foreclosure Epidemic?
Gary Bennett and colleagues discuss the ways in which the dramatic rise in home foreclosures, particularly in the US, may have health consequences
Repeated exposure to socioeconomic disadvantage and health selection as life course pathways to mid-life depressive and anxiety disorders
The biomedical examination was funded by
Medical Research Council [G0000934], awarded under the Health of
the Public initiative. Charlotte Clark is supported by an Engineering
and Physical Sciences Research Fellowship. Bryan Rodgers is supported
by Research Fellowships Nos 148948 and 366758 and by
Program Grant No. 179805 from the National Health and Medical
Research Council of Australia. Research at the Institute of Child
Health and Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Trust
benefits from R&D funding received from the NHS Executive
Reintegration of child soldiers in Burundi: A tracer study
Background
Substantial attention and resources are aimed at the reintegration of child soldiers, yet rigorous evaluations are rare. Methods
This tracer study was conducted among former child soldiers (N=452) and never-recruited peers (N=191) who participated in an economic support program in Burundi. Socio-economic outcome indicators were measured retrospectively for the period before receiving support (T1; 2005–06); immediately afterwards (T2; 2006–07); and at present (T3; 2010). Participants also rated present functional impairment and mental health indicators. Results
Participants reported improvement on all indicators, especially economic opportunity and social integration. At present no difference existed between both groups on any of the outcome indicators. Socio-economic functioning was negatively related with depression- and, health complaints and positively with intervention satisfaction. Conclusion
The present study demonstrates promising reintegration trajectories of former child soldiers after participating in a support program
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