Результаты автомобильных учётов соколообразных Falconiformes на территории Ханкайско-Раздольненской равнины (Приморский край) зимой 2023/2024 гг.

В статье приведены результаты автомобильных учетов дневных хищных птиц, зимующих в условиях Ханкайско-Раздольненской равнины (юг Приморского края) зимой 2023/2024 гг. Дан анализ изменений, произошедших в численности и видовом соотношении зимующих соколообразных по сравнению с предыдущими аналогичными исследованиями, указаны их возможные причины. Всего за зимние месяцы 2023/2024 гг. было встречено 577 особей дневных хищных птиц, относящихся к десяти видам, а средняя встречаемость составила 24.4 особи на 100 км маршрута. Наиболее многочисленным видом зимующих хищных птиц, как и в предыдущие годы, являлся зимняк Buteo lagopus, доля которого составила 50.4% от всех зимующих пернатых хищников

MECHANISMS OF THE FORMATION OF ASPHALT-RESIN AND PARAFFIN DEPOSITS AND FACTORS INFLUENCING THEIR INTENSITY

The relevance of the paper is caused by the need for more knowledge of the paraffin deposit formation on the inner surface of oilfield equipment. Research experience has shown inconsistent results, which indicates the absence of a generally accepted theory illustrating the process of wax deposit formation and the influence of different factors on the intensity of its formation. In addition, the properties of paraffin deposits significantly depend on the conditions of their formation. In this way, more accurate understanding of the principles of deposit formation makes it possible to predict growth of deposits and select effective ways to deal with this complication. The main aim of the research is to consider the primary mechanisms of asphalt-resin-paraffin deposits formation and analyze the results of previous work devoted to studying the intensity factors of their formation. Objects: wax deposit formation on the inner surface of oilfield equipment and the factors of the intensity of its formation. Methods: literature review and study of publications in peer-reviewed journals; analysis and comparison of the results of previous studies. Results. The main mechanisms of asphalt-resin-paraffin deposits formation on the inner surface of oilfield equipment are described as the following: molecular diffusion, shear effect, gravity settling, Brownian motion, and thermal diffusion. A review of previous studies on assessing the contribution of these mechanisms and intensity factors (water cut, flow rate, gas/oil ratio, crude oil composition and equipment surface properties) to the formation of paraffin deposits was presented. The analysis made it possible to identify contradicting results and dependencies, confirming the need for further study of the principles of paraffin deposit formation

Thermal Conductivity of Detonation Nanodiamond Hydrogels and Hydrosols by Direct Heat Flux Measurements

The methodology and results of thermal conductivity measurements by the heat-flow technique for the detonation nanodiamond suspension gels, sols, and powders of several brands in the range of nanoparticle concentrations of 2–100% w/w are discussed. The conditions of assessing the thermal conductivity of the fluids and gels (a FOX 50 heat-flow meter) with the reproducibility (relative standard deviation) of 1% are proposed. The maximum increase of 13% was recorded for the nanodiamond gels (140 mg mL−1 or 4% v/v) of the RDDM brand, at 0.687 ± 0.005 W m−1 K−1. The thermal conductivity of the nanodiamond powders is estimated as 0.26 ± 0.03 and 0.35 ± 0.04 W m−1 K−1 for the RUDDM and RDDM brands, respectively. The thermal conductivity for the aqueous pastes containing 26% v/v RUDDM is 0.85 ± 0.04 W m−1 K−1. The dignities, shortcomings, and limitations of this approach are discussed and compared with the determining of the thermal conductivity with photothermal-lens spectrometry

Approach to the Assessment of Size-Dependent Thermal Properties of Disperse Solutions: Time-Resolved Photothermal Lensing of Aqueous Pristine Fullerenes C₆₀ and C₇₀

An approach is proposed for assessment of the thermal properties of aqueous pristine fullerene C₆₀ and C₇₀ dispersions (AFDs) at the level of 10^–7–10^–5 mol L^–1 by photothermal (thermal-lens) spectroscopy for their application in medicine and technology. Along with relevant size-characterization techniquesdifferential scanning calorimetry (DSC) with the Gibbs–Kelvin equation and dynamic light scattering (DLS) techniquesthis approach provides an estimation of the size-dependent thermal properties of disperse solutionsthermal diffusivity, thermal effusivity [thermal inertia], and thermal conductivity. The values for AFDs under the conditions of the attained thermal equilibrium show good precision, and the cluster size estimations agree with the reference methods. The reconstruction of the thermal-lens characteristic time over the course of the blooming of the thermal-lens effect reveals a short increase in the apparent thermal diffusivity. This is accounted for by nonequilibrium heat transfer within fullerene clusters upon initial laser heating, which is supported by the independent estimations from widespread methods like high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, DLS, and DSC. Thermophysical parameters of the disperse phase estimated from transient thermal lensing are as follows: thermal diffusivity, 1.6–2.0 × 10^–7 m² s^–1 depending on fullerene concentration and up to 3.5 × 10^–7 m² s^–1, more than 2-fold higher than for water; thermal effusivity, 6.7 × 10² J m^–2 K^–1 s^–1/2, three times lower than for water

Disorders of the cardiovascular system performance in the early post-castration period in patients with locally advanced cervical cancer and their correction with the low-dose xenon therapy

Aims The aim hereof is to study the cardiovascular system disorders in the early post-castration period in patients with locally advanced cervical cancer and a possibility of correction of such disorders with the low-dose xenon therapy. Materials and methods The study involved 28 female patients of reproductive age (49.8 ± 0.5 years) diagnosed with locally advanced cervical cancer. The main test group consisted of 16 patients, who received the xenon therapy in addition to the main treatment in the early post-castration period. The reference group included 12 female patients without xenon therapy. The cardiovascular system functional state was evaluated with cardiac analyzer Cardiocode at three stages: before surgical intervention, on postsurgery day 3 and upon the completion of the therapy. Results and conclusions Early manifestations of the post-ovariectomy syndrome in the postsurgery period in female patients with locally advanced cervical cancer were accompanied by a disorder in the cardiovascular bio-adaptive and metabolic regulatory mechanisms of the uncompensated distress type, an excess of the phosphocreatine concentration and a decrease in the oxygen level in the myocardium. Upon the completion of the therapy in the reference group patients, changes in the coronary vessels hemodynamics, the dominance of the anaerobic energy exchange in the myocardium, pronounced neurovegetative and psychoemotional disorders have been revealed. The use of the low-dose xenon therapy in the main test group patients has contributed to normalization of myocardial metabolism, recovery of the aerobic energy exchange, and neutralization of neurovegetative and psychoemotional manifestations of the post-ovariectomy syndrome. Thus, the diagnostics of cardiovascular disorders in the early postsurgery period as well as the correction of the disorders and abnormalities with the low-dose xenon therapy are of great importance in the prevention of cardiovascular diseases in oncogynecologic patients with the post-ovariectomy syndrome

Measurement of the branching fractions of Bˉ→D(∗)K−K(S)(∗)0\bar{B}\to D^{(*)} K^- K^{(*)0}_{(S)} and Bˉ→D(∗)Ds−\bar{B}\to D^{(*)}D_s^{-} decays at Belle II

International audienceWe present measurements of the branching fractions of eight $\overline B{}^0\to D^{(*)+} K^- K^{(*)0}_{(S)}$, $B^{-}\to D^{(*)0} K^- K^{(*)0}_{(S)}$ decay channels. The results are based on data from SuperKEKB electron-positron collisions at the $\Upsilon(4S)$ resonance collected with the Belle II detector, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of $362~\text{fb}^{-1}$. The event yields are extracted from fits to the distributions of the difference between expected and observed $B$ meson energy, and are efficiency-corrected as a function of $m(K^-K^{(*)0}_{(S)})$ and $m(D^{(*)}K^{(*)0}_{(S)})$ in order to avoid dependence on the decay model. These results include the first observation of $\overline B{}^0\to D^+K^-K_S^0$, $B^-\to D^{*0}K^-K_S^0$, and $\overline B{}^0\to D^{*+}K^-K_S^0$ decays and a significant improvement in the precision of the other channels compared to previous measurements. The helicity-angle distributions and the invariant mass distributions of the $K^- K^{(*)0}_{(S)}$ systems are compatible with quasi-two-body decays via a resonant transition with spin-parity $J^P=1^-$ for the $K^-K_S^0$ systems and $J^P= 1^+$ for the $K^-K^{*0}$ systems. We also present measurements of the branching fractions of four $\overline B{}^0\to D^{(*)+} D_s^-$, $B^{-}\to D^{(*)0} D_s^-$ decay channels with a precision compatible to the current world averages

Test of light-lepton universality in τ\tau decays with the Belle II experiment

We present a measurement of the ratio $R_\mu = \mathcal{B}(\tau^-\to \mu^-\bar\nu_\mu\nu_\tau) / \mathcal{B}(\tau^-\to e^-\bar\nu_e\nu_\tau)$ of branching fractions $\mathcal{B}$ of the $\tau$ lepton decaying to muons or electrons using data collected with the Belle II detector at the SuperKEKB $e^+e^-$ collider. The sample has an integrated luminosity of 362 fb$^{-1}$ at a centre-of-mass energy of 10.58 GeV. Using an optimised event selection, a binned maximum likelihood fit is performed using the momentum spectra of the electron and muon candidates. The result, $R_\mu = 0.9675 \pm 0.0007 \pm 0.0036$, where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second is systematic, is the most precise to date. It provides a stringent test of the light-lepton universality, translating to a ratio of the couplings of the muon and electron to the $W$ boson in $\tau$ decays of $0.9974 \pm 0.0019$, in agreement with the standard model expectation of unity

Test of light-lepton universality in τ\tau decays with the Belle II experiment

International audienceWe present a measurement of the ratio $R_\mu = \mathcal{B}(\tau^-\to \mu^-\bar\nu_\mu\nu_\tau) / \mathcal{B}(\tau^-\to e^-\bar\nu_e\nu_\tau)$ of branching fractions $\mathcal{B}$ of the $\tau$ lepton decaying to muons or electrons using data collected with the Belle II detector at the SuperKEKB $e^+e^-$ collider. The sample has an integrated luminosity of 362 fb$^{-1}$ at a centre-of-mass energy of 10.58 GeV. Using an optimised event selection, a binned maximum likelihood fit is performed using the momentum spectra of the electron and muon candidates. The result, $R_\mu = 0.9675 \pm 0.0007 \pm 0.0036$, where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second is systematic, is the most precise to date. It provides a stringent test of the light-lepton universality, translating to a ratio of the couplings of the muon and electron to the $W$ boson in $\tau$ decays of $0.9974 \pm 0.0019$, in agreement with the standard model expectation of unity