Analysing Physical and Socio-economic Risk in the Adaption of Agriculture to Climate Change (ARI)

Adapting agriculture to climate change requires an understanding of both natural impacts and the underlying vulnerability of socio-economic systems. Food production systems, essential to socio-economic activity throughout the world, are beginning to face the challenge of anthropogenic climate change in addition to the challenge of population growth and changing consumer patterns. Uncertainty surrounding climate change impacts, however, poses a serious challenge to agricultural adaptation. Additionally, since the effects of climate change will vary globally, changes in crop productivity will also differ from region to region. Thus, regional adaptive capacity must be considered locally in order to capture underlying socio-economic vulnerability. Our combined analysis of changes in crop productivity and adaptive capacity specifically highlights the seriousness of climate-change-related risks in Africa and South-East Asia. Conversely it is noted that some regions stand to make gains from the anticipated changes in climate

Building communication in an indigenous radio in northern Argentina

Sebastián Reyes fue un indígena chané que a partir de su formación en comunicación comunitaria y periodismo creó programas en Radio Nacional (Tartagal), conformó la Red de Comunicadores Indígenas y creó una radio en la comunidad rural Yacuy, para brindar información y transmitir el acervo cultural, histórico y musical de los pueblos indígenas.Sebastián Reyes was an indigenous Chané who built on his training in community communication and journalism radio programmes for Radio Nacional (Tartagal),formed part of the Network of Indigenous Communicators and created a radio in the rural community of Yacuy, to provide information and transmit knowledge about the cultural, historical and musical heritage of indigenous peoples.Facultad de Periodismo y Comunicación Socia

Adaptando la agricultura al cambio climático

[EN] We evaluate the potential impacts and measure the potential limits of adaptation of agri culture to climate change. Pressures on land and water resources are expected to intensify existing risks in low latitude areas – e.g., South-East Asia deltas – and in regions with current water scarcity – e.g. Mediterranean, and create new opportunities in some northern temperate areas – e.g., Northern Russia, Northern Europe. The need to respond to these risks and opportunities is addressed by evaluating the costs and benefits of a number of technical and policy actions. The discussion aims to assist stakeholders facing the adaptation challenge and develop measures to reduce the vulnerability of the sector to climate change.[ES] Evaluamos impactos y medidas de adaptación potenciales de la agricultura frente al cambio climático. Se proyecta una gran intensificación de las presiones sobre los recursos hídricos y la capacidad productiva en regiones de latitudes bajas – por ejemplo los deltas del Sureste de Asia y en países Mediterráneos. Por otra parte se proyectan oportunidades en regiones de zonas templadas – por ejemplo el norte de Rusia y el norte de Europa. Analizamos un serie de medidas técnicas y de regulación como respuesta de adaptación a estos riesgos y oportunidades, que pueden ser útiles para que los grupos de interés desarrollen medidas para reducir la vulnerabilidad del sector agrario al cambio climático.Agradecemos la financiación del proyecto Climate Cost del 7 Programa Marco de la UE y el apoyo del CEIGRAM.Iglesias, A.; Quiroga, S.; Diz, A.; Garrote, L. (2011). Adapting agriculture to climate change. Economía Agraria y Recursos Naturales - Agricultural and Resource Economics. 11(2):109-122. https://doi.org/10.7201/earn.2011.02.05SWORD10912211

Impactos y capacidad de adaptación como factores determinantes para priorizar la adaptación agrícola al cambio climático en Europa

[EN] In the face of likely climate change impacts policy makers at different spatial scales need access to assessment tools that enable informed policy instruments to be designed. Recent scientific advances have facilitated the development of improved climate projections, but it remains to be seen whether these are translated into effective adaptation strategies. This paper uses existing databases on climate impacts on European agriculture and combines them with an assessment of adaptive capacity to develop an interdisciplinary approach for prioritising policies. It proposes a method for identifying relevant policies for different EU countries that are representative of various agroclimatic zones. Our analysis presents a framework for integrating current knowledge of future climate impacts with an understanding of the underlying socio-economic, agricultural and environmental traits that determine a region’s capacity for adapting to climate change.[ES] A la hora de afrontar los potenciales impactos del cambio climático, las administraciones encargadas de la toma de decisiones a cualquier escala territorial deben disponer de herramientas de evaluación que permitan el diseño de políticas relevantes. Los últimos avances científicos han permitido el desarrollo de mejores proyecciones climáticas, pero aún está por ver si éstas se acaban traduciendo en estrategias de adaptación efectivas. En el presente trabajo se utilizan bases de datos existentes sobre impactos climáticos en la agricultura europea y se combinan con una evaluación de la capacidad de adaptación para desarrollar un enfoque interdisciplinar para la priorización de políticas. Asimismo, se propone una metodología para la identificación de políticas relevantes para diferentes países de la Unión Europea representativos de distintas zonas agroclimáticas. Nuestro análisis presenta un marco que permite hacer uso de los conocimientos actuales acerca de los futuros impactos del cambio climático teniendo en consideración los factores socio-económicos, agrícolas, y medioambientales subyacentes que determinan la capacidad de una región de adaptarse al cambio climático.Los autores agradecen los comentarios de los revisores anónimos. Este trabajo ha sido financiado parcialmente por CIRCE (Climate Change and Impact Research: the Mediterranean Environment; FP6 Commission of the European Union - Contract No 036961 - http://www.circeproject.eu) y ARCO (Estudio Integrado Sobre la Agricultura, Recursos Hídricos y Costas; Ministerio de Medio Ambiente y Medio Rural y Marino, España).Schlickenrieder, J.; Quiroga, S.; Diz, A.; Iglesias, A. (2011). Impacts and adaptive capacity as drivers for prioritising agricultural adaptation to climate change in Europe. 59-82. https://doi.org/10.7201/earn.2011.01.03SWORD598

Experiencia sobre el proyecto piloto de valoración de la metodología para la acreditación de las titulaciones propuesta por la ANECA

El presente artículo refleja la experiencia de un comité del Programa de Acreditación (Proyectos Piloto 2003-2004) de la ANECA para una titulación de Informática. Este Programa pretende establecer las bases sobre las que se evaluará la calidad de la enseñanza en los centros universitarios para el futuro sistema de acreditación de titulaciones de dicho organismo

El aprendizaje del derecho a través de la realización de debates

Memoria ID-170. Ayudas de la Universidad de Salamanca para la innovación docente, curso 2010-2011.El objetivo principal de este proyecto era conseguir que el estudiante adquiriera una serie de conocimientos a través de la preparación de un debate en el que los diferentes grupos de las diferentes asignaturas defenderían posturas contrapuestas para intentar convencer al resto de sus compañeros o al profesor de que su planteamiento es el más idóneo, no solo por la calidad de los argumentos utilizados sino también por la forma en que los mismos se han expuesto, ya que se habría formado previamente al estudiante en técnicas de expresión oral y de lenguaje verbal y no verbal

Clonal chromosomal mosaicism and loss of chromosome Y in elderly men increase vulnerability for SARS-CoV-2

The pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19) had an estimated overall case fatality ratio of 1.38% (pre-vaccination), being 53% higher in males and increasing exponentially with age. Among 9578 individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 in the SCOURGE study, we found 133 cases (1.42%) with detectable clonal mosaicism for chromosome alterations (mCA) and 226 males (5.08%) with acquired loss of chromosome Y (LOY). Individuals with clonal mosaic events (mCA and/or LOY) showed a 54% increase in the risk of COVID-19 lethality. LOY is associated with transcriptomic biomarkers of immune dysfunction, pro-coagulation activity and cardiovascular risk. Interferon-induced genes involved in the initial immune response to SARS-CoV-2 are also down-regulated in LOY. Thus, mCA and LOY underlie at least part of the sex-biased severity and mortality of COVID-19 in aging patients. Given its potential therapeutic and prognostic relevance, evaluation of clonal mosaicism should be implemented as biomarker of COVID-19 severity in elderly people. Among 9578 individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 in the SCOURGE study, individuals with clonal mosaic events (clonal mosaicism for chromosome alterations and/or loss of chromosome Y) showed an increased risk of COVID-19 lethality

Antiplatelet therapy at discharge and long-term prognosis in Takotsubo syndrome: Insights from the Spanish National Registry (RETAKO).

Endothelial dysfunction and platelet activation have been highlighted as possible mediators in Takotsubo syndrome (TTS). Nevertheless, to date, evidence on the usefulness of antiplatelet therapy in TTS remains controversial. The aim of our study is to evaluate long-term prognosis in TTS patients treated with antiplatelet therapy (APT) at hospitalization discharge. An ambispective cohort study from the Spanish National Takotsubo Registry database was performed (June 2002 to March 2017). Patients were divided into two groups: those who received APT at hospital discharge (APT cohort) and those who did not (non-APT cohort). Primary endpoint was all-cause death. Secondary endpoints included the composite of recurrence or readmission and a composite of death, recurrence or readmission. From a total of 741 patients, 728 patients were alive at discharge. Follow-up was performed in 544 patients, who were included in the final analysis: 321 patients (59.0%) in the APT cohort and 223 patients (41.0%) in the non-APT cohort. The APT cohort had a better clinical presentation and received more heart failure and acute coronary syndrome-like therapies (angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors/angiotensin receptor blockers: 75.1% vs. 51.1%; p Patients with TTS receiving APT at discharge presented better prognosis up to two-years of follow-up compared with their counterparts not receiving APT

El aprendizaje del derecho a través del análisis y representación de obras teatrales

Memoria ID11-185. Ayudas de la Universidad de Salamanca para la innovación docente, curso 2011-2012