Informe sobre la semilla de especies forrajeras obtenida por el CIAT en Costa Rica

Se informan los objetivos, actividades en pastos mejorados y multiplicacion de semillas (produccion y rendimiento, calidad e investigacion), los principales logros, las limitaciones y las perspectivas futuras del programa creado en Costa Rica por el CIAT, para la seleccion y multiplicacion de forrajeras promisorias. Se destaca el establecimiento de ensayos regionales con pastos mejorados, y se dan datos de produccion y rendimiento de semilla de Stylosanthes guianensis, Andropogon gayanus, Brachiaria brizantha, B. decumbens, B. dictyoneura, B. humidicola, Centrosema macrocarpum, C. brasilianum, C. acutifolium, C. pubescens, Arachis pintoi y Desmodium ovalifolium, durante 1987-89. Se senalan como logros principales los vol. significativos de semilla experimental y basica y la definicion de zonas agroecologicas de alta potencialidad productiva. Se incluyen datos de porcentajes de germinacion de semillas de algunas especies y un resumen de la fenologia de diferentes gramineas y leguminosas. (CIAT

Descripteurs de passeport multi-cultures FAO/Bioversity (V.2.1)

Cette liste des descripteurs de passeport “multi-cultures” (MCPD en anglais) V.2.1, est une mise à jour de la publication MCPD V.2 publiée en 2012. La liste MCPD V.2 était une révision de la première version FAOIPGRI publié en 2001 enrichie pour répondre aux besoins émergents, tels que l'utilisation plus large d'outils GPS, ou la mise en oeuvre du Système multilatéral d'accès et de partage des avantages du Traité international sur les ressources phytogénétiques pour l'alimentation et l'agriculture

Descripteurs de passeport multi-cultures FAO/IPGRI

La liste des descripteurs de passeport ‘multi-cultures’ est élaborée conjointement par l’IPGRI et la FAO afin de fournir des normes internationales permettant de faciliter l'échange de données passeport du matériel génétique. Ces descripteurs ont pour objectif d’être compatibles à la fois avec les listes de descripteurs des plantes cultivées de l’IPGRI et avec les descripteurs utilisés par le Système d’information mondial et alerte rapide sur les ressources phytogénétiques (WIEWS) de la FAO. Chaque descripteur de passeport multi-cultures est accompagné d'une brève explication du contenu, du système de codage et du nom de champ suggéré (entre parenthèses) afin de faciliter l'échange informatisé de ce type de données

Issues and prospects for the sustainable use and conservation of cultivated vegetable diversity for more nutrition-sensitive agriculture

Traditional vegetables are key assets for supporting more nutrition-sensitive agriculture under climate change as many have lower water requirements, adaptation to poor quality soils, higher resistance to pests and diseases, and higher nutritional values as compared to global vegetables. The effective use of traditional vegetables can be challenged however by lack of information and poor conservation status. This study reviewed the uses, growth forms and geographic origins of cultivated vegetables worldwide and the levels of research, ex situ conservation, and documentation they have received in order to identify gaps and priorities for supporting more effective use of global vegetable diversity. A total of 1097 vegetables were identified in a review of the Mansfeld Encyclopedia of Agricultural and Horticultural Plants, including species used for leaves (n = 495), multiple vegetative parts (n = 227), roots (n = 204), fruits or seeds (n = 90), and other parts like flowers, inflorescences, and stems (n = 81). Root vegetables have received significantly less research attention than other types of vegetable. Therophytes (annuals) have received significantly more attention from research and conservation efforts than vegetables with other growth forms, while vegetables originating in Africa (n = 406) and the Asian-Pacific region (n = 165) are notably neglected. Documentation for most vegetable species is poor and the conservation of many vegetables is largely realized on farm through continued use. Supportive policies are needed to advance research, conservation, and documentation of neglected vegetable species to protect and further their role in nutrition-sensitive agriculture

Joining forces to strengthen community seedbanks worldwide

Community seedbanks and emerging networks of community seedbanks contribute to the conservation and sustainable use of plant genetic resources for food and agriculture. Community seedbanks can secure improved access to and availability of diverse, locally adapted crops and varieties and enhance related indigenous knowledge and skills in plant management including seed selection, treatment, storage, multiplication and distribution. Two events were held in July 2018 in Rome, Italy to bring together representatives of organizations supporting community seedbanks from Africa, Asia, Europe and Latin America. This brief presents achievements, challenges, lessons learned and new opportunities in their countries and reflects on prospects of community seedbanks and their networks

ADAPTACION DE ACCESIONES DE Stylosanthes guianensis Y Centrosema spp. EN DIFERENTES REGIONES DE COSTA RICA

Tropical pasture legumes of the genus Centrosema and Stylosanthes have been evaluated in past years in contrasting regions of Costa Rica. More recently, a large number of accessions terminated a 2-year cutting period in humid, subhumid and seasonal tropical forest sites. The latter is characterized by acid soils (pH 4.6) and high Al concentration, while acidity is moderately in the others (pH 5.5 to 5.9). Site x species interaction was significant (P < 0.05) in terms of monthly dry matter yields (MDM), and with the exceptions of £. pubescens• site x accession interaction was also significant for all other species. Adaptation, measured as total MDM, was significantly high (P < 0.05) in humid tropics for all species. The accessions CIAT 5189, 5172, 438 and 442 of £. pubescens adapted similarly in both subhumid and seasonal forest; the same occurred for the accessions CIAT 184, 21 and 136 of cruianensis. this species showed the widest range of adaptation. £. acutifolium CIAT 5568 outyield CIAT 5277 (393 and 167 kg MDM respectively), while accessions CIAT 5735, 5674, 5065, 5452 And 5733 of Q. macrocaroum produced higher yields in conditions of subhumid tropics as compared to seasonal forest, due mainly to high incidence of foliar diseases (Cercospora. Cylindrocladium and bacteriosis) in the latter site

Lista de descriptores de pasaporte para cultivos multiples desarrollada por la FAO y el IPGRI Related files

La FAO y el IPGRI han elaborado conjuntamente la lista de descriptores de pasaporte para cultivos múltiples (DPCM) que es un instrumento de referencia para suministrar, a nivel internacional, normas fijas que faciliten el intercambio de información de pasaporte del germoplasma. Estos descriptores pretenden ser compatibles con las listas de descriptores de especies cultivadas desarrolladas por el IPGRI y con los descriptores utilizados por el Sistema de Información y Alerta Mundial -SIAM- (WIEWS, en inglés) de la FAO para los recursos filogenéticos (RFG). Esta versión revisada (Diciembre 2001) de la Lista DPCM de 1997, proporciona una breve explicación de cada descriptor, un esquema de codificación y se proponen (entre paréntesis), nombres de campo con el fin de contribuir al intercambio informatizado de esta clase de datos

Descriptores de pasaporte para cultivos múltiples FAO/BIOVERSITY V.2.1 [MCPD V.2.1] - Diciembre 2015

La lista de Descriptores de pasaporte para cultivos múltiples V.2.1 (MCPD en inglés), es una actualización de la publicación del 2012. El MCPD V.2 fue una revisión del documento original de la FAO/IPGRI que se publicó en el 2001, y que se amplió para acomodar necesidades emergentes tales como una mayor utilización de instrumentos GPS o la puesta en práctica del Sistema Multilateral de acceso y distribución de beneficios del Tratado Internacional sobre los Recursos Fitogenéticos para la Alimentación y la Agricultura. El MCPD, elaborado conjuntamente por Bioversity International (anteriormente (“IPGRI”) y la FAO, es un estándar internacional utilizado a nivel mundial para facilitar el intercambio de información de pasaporte de germoplasma. Estos descriptores son compatibles con los descriptores de cultivos desarrollados por Bioversity; con los descriptores utilizados por el Sistema de Información y Alerta Mundial “SIAM” (WIEWS, en inglés) de la FAO para los Recursos Fitogenéticos, y con el portal mundial GENESYS

FAO/Bioversity Multi-Crop Passport Descriptors V.2 [MCPD V.2] - June 2012

The FAO/Bioversity Multi-Crop Passport Descriptors (MCPD V.2) is the result of a thorough revision of the publication originally released by FAO/IPGRI in 2001, which has been widely used as the international standard to facilitate germplasm passport information exchange. In this improved version, the 2001 list of descriptors has been expanded to accommodate emerging documentation needs, derived inter alia from the entry into force of the International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture and its Multilateral System for access and benefit-sharing, and from technological changes such as the broader use of GPS tools. The descriptors are compatible with Bioversity’s crop descriptor lists, with the descriptors used by the FAO World Information and Early Warning System (WIEWS) on plant genetic resources (PGR), and the GENESYS global portal

FAO/Bioversity Multi-Crop Passport Descriptors V.2.1 [MCPD V.2.1] - December 2015

This list of Multi-crop Passport Descriptors (MCPD V.2.1) is an update to MCPD V.2 which was released in 2012. The MCPD V.2 was a revision of the first FAO/IPGRI publication released in 2001, expanded to accommodate emerging needs, such as the broader use of GPS tools, or the implementation of the International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture’s Multilateral System for access and benefit-sharing. The MCPD, developed jointly by Bioversity International (formerly IPGRI) and FAO, is a widely used international standard to facilitate germplasm passport information exchange. These descriptors are compatible with Bioversity’s crop descriptor lists, with the descriptors used by the FAO World Information and Early Warning System (WIEWS) on plant genetic resources (PGR), and with the GENESYS global portal