Schwarzschild Fuzzball and Explicitly Unitary Hawking Radiations

We provide a fuzzball picture for Schwarzshild black holes, in which matters and energy consisting the hole are not positioned on the central point exclusively but oscillate around there in a serial of eigen-modes, each of which features a special level of binding degrees and are quantum mechanically possible to be measured outside the horizon. By listing these modes explicitly for holes as large as $6M_\mathrm{pl}$, we find that their number increases exponentially with the area. Basing on this picture, we present a simple but explicitly unitary derivation of hawking radiations.Comment: 7 pages, version asking for comments, any suggestion or citation notices are welcom

Resolving the Schwarzschild singularity in both classic and quantum gravity

The Schwarzschild singularity's resolution has key values in cracking the key mysteries related with black holes, the origin of their horizon entropy and the information missing puzzle involved in their evaporations. We provide in this work the general dynamic inner metric of collapsing stars with horizons and with non-trivial radial mass distributions. We find that static central singularities are not the final state of the system. Instead, the final state of the system is a periodically zero-cross breathing ball. Through 3+1 decomposed general relativity and its quantum formulation, we establish a functional Schr\"odinger equation controlling the micro-state of this breathing ball and show that, the system configuration with all the matter concentrating on the central point is not the unique eigen-energy-density solution. Using a Bohr-Sommerfield like "orbital" quantisation assumption, we show that for each black hole of horizon radius $r_h$, there are about $e^{r_h^2/\ell^2_\mathrm{pl}}$ allowable eigen-energy-density profile. This naturally leads to physic interpretations for the micro-origin of horizon entropy, as well as solutions to the information missing puzzle involved in Hawking radiations.Comment: 19 pages, 5 figures, final published versio

The role of nonthermal electrons in the optical continuum of stellar flares

We explore the possibility that the continuum emission in stellar flares is powered by nonthermal electrons accelerated during the flares. We compute the continuum spectra from an atmospheric model for a dMe star, AD Leo, at its quiescent state, when considering the nonthermal excitation and ionisation effects by precipitating electron beams. The results show that if the electron beam has an energy flux large enough, the U band brightening and, in particular, the U-B colour are roughly comparable with observed values for a typical large flare. Moreover, for electron beams with a moderate energy flux, a decrease of the emission at the Paschen continuum appears. This can explain at least partly the continuum dimming observed in some stellar flares. Adopting an atmospheric model for the flaring state can further raise the continuum flux but it yields a spectral colour incomparable with observations. This implies that the nonthermal effects may play the chief role in powering the continuum emission in some stellar flares.Comment: 6 pages, 4 figures, LaTeX (psfigs.sty), to appear in MNRA

n+1 Dimensional Gravity duals to quantum criticalities with spontaneous symmetry breaking

We reexamine the charged AdS domain wall solution to the Einstein-Abelian-Higgs model proposed by Gubser et al as holographic superconductors at quantum critical points and comment on their statement about the uniqueness of gravity solutions. We generalize their explorations from 3+1 dimensions to arbitrary $n+1$Ds and find that the $n+1\geqslant5$D charged AdS domain walls are unstable against electric perturbations.Comment: version to appear in commun. theor. phy

Screening of quark-monopole in N=4 plasma

We study a quark-monopole bound system moving in N=4 SYM plasma with a constant velocity by the AdS/CFT correspondence. The screening length of this system is calculated, and is smaller than that of the quark-antiquark bound state.Comment: 17 pages, reference and minor correction adde