Breve estudo institucionalista acerca do Programa de Saúde da Família

Este trabalho tem como objetivo apresentar reflexões dentro de uma perspectiva institucionalista acerca da experiência de extensão universitária da PUC-Minas, desenvolvida junto ao PSF da rede municipal de Betim, cidade da região metropolitana de Belo Horizonte. Esse diagnóstico foi efetuado para se conhecer tanto a realidade da prática profissional da equipe de PSF, quanto as possibilidades de atuação dos estagiários, a partir do referencial teórico da Análise Institucional de René Lourau. Concluímos que a concepção do modelo assistencial ainda introjetado, a ideia de saúde associada à figura do médico, a falta de conhecimento do território, o grande uso de medicamentos, a não articulação da atenção em saúde mental e atenção primária, a pressuposição de relações hierarquizadas de saberes e poderes e a dificuldade de se trabalhar com grupos atravessam a adesão ao modelo do PSF no cotidiano. Nesse contexto, são essenciais discussões, para que os psicólogos se insiram nesse campo e sejam capazes de práticas transformadoras e inventivas.This paper intends to present some reflections from an institutionalist perspective about the extension experience of PUC-Minas University, developed with the PSF (Programa Saúde da Família - Family Health Program) in the municipality of Betim, a city located in the metropolitan region of Belo Horizonte (state of Minas Gerais). The diagnosis was performed to understand the reality of the professional practice of the PSF team and the interns' possibilities of action, based on the theoretical framework of Institutional Analysis proposed by René Lourau. The conclusion is that the conception of an assistance model still connected with the idea of health associated with a physician, the lack of knowledge about the territory, the high usage of medicines, the lack of articulation between mental health care and primary care, the presupposition of hierarchic relationships of knowledge and power, and the difficulty in working with groups hinder the adhesion to the PSF model in the daily routine. In this context, discussions are essential so that the psychologists can enter this field, being capable of transforming and inventive practices

Molecular preservation by extraction and fixation, mPREF: a method for small molecule biomarker analysis and histology on exactly the same tissue

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Histopathology is the standard method for cancer diagnosis and grading to assess aggressiveness in clinical biopsies. Molecular biomarkers have also been described that are associated with cancer aggressiveness, however, the portion of tissue analyzed is often processed in a manner that is destructive to the tissue. We present here a new method for performing analysis of small molecule biomarkers and histology in exactly the same biopsy tissue.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Prostate needle biopsies were taken from surgical prostatectomy specimens and first fixed, each in a separate vial, in 2.5 ml of 80% methanol:water. The biopsies were fixed for 24 hrs at room temperature and then removed and post-processed using a non-formalin-based fixative (UMFIX), embedded, and analyzed by hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and by immunohistochemical (IHC) staining. The retained alcohol pre-fixative was analyzed for small molecule biomarkers by mass spectrometry.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>H&E analysis was successful following the pre-fixation in 80% methanol. The presence or absence of tumor could be readily determined for all 96 biopsies analyzed. A subset of biopsy sections was analyzed by IHC, and cancerous and non-cancerous regions could be readily visualized by PIN4 staining. To demonstrate the suitability for analysis of small molecule biomarkers, 28 of the alcohol extracts were analyzed using a mass spectrometry-based metabolomics platform. All extracts tested yielded successful metabolite profiles. 260 named biochemical compounds were detected in the alcohol extracts. A comparison of the relative levels of compounds in cancer containing <it>vs</it>. non-cancer containing biopsies showed differences for 83 of the compounds. A comparison of the results with prior published reports showed good agreement between the current method and prior reported biomarker discovery methods that involve tissue destructive methods.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>The Molecular Preservation by Extraction and Fixation (mPREF) method allows for the analysis of small molecule biomarkers from exactly the same tissue that is processed for histopathology.</p