Étude de la Performance du Dispositif de Traitement des Eaux UsÉes par Boues ActivÉes de la ville d’Al- Hoceima, Maroc

Morocco has taken over the desire to ensure sustainable development and to promote the treatment of domestic and industrial wastewater. In this context, several sewage treatment plants were created, in order to protect the environment from direct discharges of wastewater, and to hope for the reuse of treated wastewater. The use of Activated sludge process in treating the wastewater has been the solution to many problems. In order to evaluate the performance of wastewater treatment plant of the city of Al-Hoceima (North of Morocco). We studied the physico-chemical and bacteriological parameters; we carried out a series of measures such as: temperature, pH and conductivity, the biochemical oxygen demand BOD5, the chemical oxygen demands COD, fecal coliforms (FC) and total coliforms (TC). Measurement of the BOD5, COD and TSS yields values give respectively 96%, 95% and 85%. The tests showed that the treated water can be obtained with a quality complying with the agricultural reuse

Electrocoagulation as a Possible Treatment for Wastewater Contaminated with Microplastics - A Review

Microplastics (MPs) have arisen as an omnipresent pollutant that damages the aquatic ecosystem, raising serious concerns. It has become a massive challenge since MPs have the ability to biomagnify and thereby harm human health, biodiversity, aquatic species, and the environment. Therefore, innovative technologies are needed to efficiently remove MPs. Membrane technologies can be quite effective in the removal of MPs. Furthermore, hybrid membrane techniques such as advanced oxidation processes (AOPs), membrane fouling, electrochemical processes, and adsorption processes can be used to improve efficiency. Electrocoagulation is considered an effective wastewater treatment technique for MPs removal, with the advantages of low cost, independence of chemicals, and ease of operation. The main aim of this work is to demonstrate the potential of electrocoagulation to remove MPs from wastewater and provide an overview of the sources and toxicity of MPs found in wastewater. This study also evaluates various physical, chemical, and biological treatment methods for removing MPs from wastewater

Ulva spp (Ulva intestinalis, U. fasciata, U. lactuca, and U. rigida) composition and abiotic environmental factors

Seaweed, including various species of Ulva (e.g., Ulva intestinalis, U. fasciata, U. lactuca, and U. rigida), is essential for maintaining the balance of aquatic ecosystems. These algae are found worldwide and have a high growth rate in diverse habitats. This article analyzes the composition of these Ulva spp (including carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and ash). It also investigates the environmental factors that affect their growth and composition, such as pH, temperature, water depth, salinity, and nutrient availability. Understanding the variations in composition and environmental influences among Ulva spp highlights the importance of studying their ecological impact and genetic diversity

Prediction of Flood Events from the Nekor River Discharge Using the Flood Frequential Analysis Method

This work aims to analyze the yearly most extreme release of the Nekor River monitoring station Tamellaht between 1973 and 2011 and to predict possible future events using the Flood Frequency Analysis Method (FFA). We use the four most estimated distributions that are accessible for prediction of hydrological risk: the three Log Normal, LogPerson Type III, Weibull and GAMMA distributions, and conclude that the Weibull distribution is the suitable statistical model that describe well into our data series, even though the other distributions show data adjustment. Given the Weibull dispersion, the upsides of 580.3 m3/s, 1339 m3/s and 2146.7 m3/s are for the time of return of 10, 50 and 100 years, individually, still high relying upon the semi-dry environment that wins around this region. In fact, the period of extreme returns of the 10th period which can cause dangerous flooding especially considering the mountainous characteristics of the region. The magnitude of the floods is greater because the return period is greater, which explains the semi-arid climate of this region. In addition, a simple statistical description shows that the maximum flow trend has declined over the years, reflecting a possible impact of climate change phenomena

Impact Des Facteurs De Pollution Sur La Qualite Des Eaux De La Zone Aval De La Vallee De L’oued Nekor (Al-Hoceima, Maroc)

Water is a precious and essential natural resource for multiple uses. Its use for food or hygiene requires excellent physicochemical and microbiological quality. To assess the quality of well water for human consumption in the Al Hoceima region which is located in North of Morocco, a physico-chemical and bacteriological control was carried out on the basis of 10 water samples from wells in this area. The analyzes were performed on these samples by measuring the following physic-chemical parameters: temperature, pH, electric conductivity (EC), chloride (Cl -),dissolved oxygen, nitrate (NO3 -), and possibly seeking unwanted bacteria (total bacteria, total coliforms, fecal coliforms, fecal streptococci). The samples were analyzed systematically to measure all the physicochemical indicators of pollution. Correlation between pollution parameters were conducted to give a reponse element on the main causes pollution. The results performed analysis, revealed a pollution of an agricultural origin. This is confirmed by the maximum levels of chlorides, which exceed 2640 mg/l, thereby explaining the high conductivity levels (4800μs/cm). In addition 14% of analyzed wells have nitre levels 50mg/l nitrate pollution a not alarming. However, if a pollution of agricultural origin is mentioned, the lithological contribution can not be neglected on the results obtained

A Systematic Analysis on the Applications of Local Materials in Civil Engineering

This article presents a comprehensive bibliometric analysis of the utilization of local materials in civil engineering projects, examining their role in fostering sustainable construction practices. Through a systematic review spanning from 2004 to 2024, the study delves into various dimensions of sustainability within civil engineering, emphasizing the critical importance of employing local materials. It underscores the environmental, economic, and socio-cultural benefits of integrating local resources into construction, while also highlighting the challenges associated with their variability, limited availability, and the need for standardized testing. The methodology involves a detailed bibliometric analysis, including data collection from prominent databases, and employs bibliometric software for data analysis, focusing on identifying key trends, research gaps, and emerging themes in the domain. The results reveal a stable annual growth rate in publications, with a significant emphasis on conference papers, indicating an active discourse within academic and professional forums. The study identifies China as a leading contributor to research in this area, showcasing a global interest with varying degrees of focus. Additionally, the analysis of keyword co-occurrences maps out the central research themes, reflecting a strong integration of traditional civil engineering concerns with modern sustainability challenges. The conclusion advocates for a continued emphasis on sustainable building practices, integrating local materials as a fundamental component of civil engineering projects to enhance environmental outcomes and societal value

Application of Particle Swarm Optimization for Optimizing the Process Parameters in Turning of PEEK CF30Composites

This work deals with optimization of multiple characteristics in CNC turning of reinforced Poly Ether Ether Ketone (PEEK CF30) with TiN coated tools under dry condition. The considered criteria included specific cutting pressure, machining force and cutting power. Three controllable factors of the turning process consisting of cutting speed, depth of cut and feed rate were incorporated. Taguchi design of experiments method was used to arrange the experimentation task. The developed response surface models were then employed with particle swarm optimization (PSO) to optimize the cutting conditions. PSO program gives the minimum values of the considered criteria and the corresponding optimal cutting conditions

Green Insulation Revolution: A Bibliometric Analysis of Cannabis-Based Composite Materials in Building Construction

Powdered activated carbon was used in different studies for evaluation in micropollutants removal. In this study, powdered activated carbon was tested to evaluate its removal efficiency for about 46 micropollutants. A total of 33 compounds were found in raw wastewater. The PAC was found to be efficient towards total suspended solids elimination. Powdered activated carbon reached high removal percentage for heavy metals (90%), while the majority of the other compounds it varied between 60 and 80%. The impact of advanced treatments combination with conventional treatments could lead to high removals

Temporal Analysis of Groundwater Quality in Al Hoceima, Morocco: A Comparative Study of a Well Over Two Periods

This study assesses the groundwater quality of the Ghiis Nekkour aquifer in northern Morocco, focusing on a specific well in the Al Hoceima region. This water source is vital for the local population. The research compares the groundwater quality during two distinct periods and characterizes its physicochemical and bacteriological properties. The study reveals that physicochemical analysis shows moderate water quality, with electrical conductivity values ranging from 2441 μS/cm to 2456 μS/cm, and turbidity levels below 0.61 NTU. Chemical analysis indicates calcium concentrations ranging from 181 mg/l to 195 mg/l, magnesium concentrations from 136 mg/l to 143 mg/l, ammonium concentrations of 0.05 mg/l, chloride concentrations from 453 mg/l to 478 mg/l, and nitrate concentrations of 40 mg/l. Bicarbonate concentrations vary from 789 mg/l to 856 mg/l. However, bacteriological analysis shows water contamination by coliform bacteria, intestinal enterococci, and Escherichia coli. The study emphasizes the urgent need to take measures to remedy this contamination and ensure the safety of the water source for the region’s inhabitants