The Influence of Computational Mesh on the Prediction of Vortex Interactions about a Generic Missile Airframe

A research program has been underway for four years to study vortex interaction aerodynamics that are relevant to military air vehicle performance. The program has been conducted under the auspices of the NATO Science and Technology Organization (STO), Applied Vehicle Technology (AVT) panel by a Task Group with the identification of AVT-316. The Missile Facet of this group has concentrated their work on the vortical flow field around a generic missile airframe and its prediction via computational methods. This paper focuses on mesh-related effects and RANS simulations. Simulated vortex characteristics were found to depend strongly on the properties of the employed mesh, in terms of both resolution and topology. Predictions of missile aerodynamic coefficients show a great dependence on mesh properties as they are sensitive to computed vortex dynamics. Key suggestions about the desired mesh characteristics have been made. Based on these, a shared mesh was constructed to perform common analyses between the AVT-316 Missile Facet members. Mesh based uncertainties of the aerodynamic coefficient predictions were estimated via Richardson Extrapolation method

Laryngeal embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma in an adult - A case presentation in the eyes of geneticists and clinicians

<p>1. Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Rhabdomyosarcoma is a solid tumor, resulting from dysregulation of the skeletal myogenesis program. For rhabdomyosarcomas (RMS) with a predilection for the head and neck, genitourinary tract, extremities, trunk, retroperitoneum, the larynx is still an unusual site. Till now only several cases of this laryngeal tumor have been described in world literature in the adult population. The entire spectrum of genetic factors underlying RMS development and progression is unclear until today. Multiple signaling pathways seem to be involved in ERMS development and progression.</p> <p>Case presentation</p> <p>In this paper we report an interesting RMS case in which the disease was located within the glottic region. We report an embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma of the larynx in 33 year-old man. After unsuccessful chemotherapy hemilaryngectomy was performed. In follow up CT no signs of recurrence were found. Recently patient is recurrence free for 62 months.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Considering the histological diagnosis and the highly aggressive nature of the lesion for optimal diagnosis positron electron tomography (PET) and computerized tomography (CT) of the neck and thorax should be performed. At this time surgical treatment with adjuvant radiotherapy seems to be the treatment of choice for this disease. Rhabdomyosarcoma of the larynx has a better prognosis than elsewhere in the body, probably because of its earlier recognition and accessibility to radical surgery.</p

Purification, characterization of phytase enzyme from Lactobacillus plantarum bacteria and determination of its kinetic properties

Phytases (myo-inositol hexakisphosphate phosphohydrolase, EC 3.1.3.8) catalyze the release of phosphate from phytates. Many of the cereal grains, legumes and oilseeds store phosphorus in phytate form. Phytases can be produced by plants, animals and microorganisms. However, the ones with microbial origin are the most promising for commercial uses and biotechnological applications. In this study, phytase enzyme isolation from Lactobacillus spp. ATCC strain and its characterization was carried out. Phytase production from bacterial strains was determined by zone production formed around colonies after 48 h of incubation at 30°C in MRS medium. Optimum pH and optimum temperature values of the phytase enzyme that was partially purified by precipitation of ammonium sulphate from Lactobacillus plantarum, extracellularly from bacteria put into liquid culture medium, were measured. Optimum activity of the enzyme derived from L. plantarum bacterium was at 30°C and pH 6.0. It was observed that L. plantarum's extracellular enzyme maintains its 90% of activity at 10-100°C for 120 min. Effects of certain metal ions on activity of phytase enzyme derived from L. plantarum were also investigated. Of these, CuCl2, MnCl2, CoCl2, CaCl2 and ZnCl2 decreased enzyme activity significantly. FeCl2 increased enzyme activity by 121%. Based on these results, the phytase enzyme of L. plantarum is considered suitable for use in many industrial areas, in feed and food industries in particular, due to its thermal stability and resistance to metal ions.Keywords: Purification, characterization, phytase, Lactobacillus plantarum.African Journal of Biotechnology, Vol 13(23) 2373-237

Redefinition of geometrical components to specify kinematically undetermined behaviour

A method for the redefinition of geometrical design components, to be used for specifying kinematically undetermined behaviour, is presented. It starts with checking all line-line combinations for intersection or for a line-line combination being collinear. If an intersection has been found, it is used to generate additional lines such that both old lines are split up at their intersection, resulting in new lines. For lines being collinear a similar approach is followed. Hereafter, all line-area combinations are checked. If certain conditions are met, new intersection points and lines are generated in the area to provide new areas that split up the old area correctly. The procedures (line-line and line-area) are repeated until convergence. Finally, pattern recognition is used to find all areas from the intersection points within an original area. A C++ program and a number of examples verify the method and test its efficiency

Drawing Architecture using Manga Techniques

Manga is a type of stylised bitonal drawings pleasing in terms of screen variety and tidy lines. In this paper, we present a method to draw architecture, spatial compositions and their details, including colours, textures, and tones, using manga drawing techniques. Given a colour image, such as photography, or drawing, our method finds the optimal solution for screening during the bi-tonal transformation, as well as a set of ideally abstracted line drawings. This offers a novel rendering appearance for the communication of architectural design. In our results we demonstrate successfully that our method generates manga-like drawings from an architectural image that preserve architectural key-elements, such as surface or material properties

Check-mate: Automatic constraint checking of IFC models

Building Information Models (BIMs) allow for computationally checking whether a building design satisfies all the building codes, requirements, etc. if constraints are included in the model. One application for this is mass customization in the housing sector, when clients modify the design without help from the architect. This paper describes the technical aspects of checking constraints on a building model. Specifically, we look at the feasibility of checking constraints on an IFC model by creating a prototype in which constraints can be entered and checked on an imported IFC model. Conclusions are drawn on the suitability of the IFC model and how IFC can be extended or adjusted to support constraint checking

childhood obesity in Denizli, Turkey

Aim: To determine the efficiency of 2 different intervention programs (healthy nutrition education and/or physical activity programs) for preventing the obesity of primary school students.Materials and methods: Selected were 6 schools, making 3 groups, from all primary schools in Denizli with the half-day education system. Each group was composed of 2 schools. The groups were randomly divided into intervention group 1, intervention group 2, and the control group. The body mass index (BMI) levels of the students in all of the groups were calculated. Both the physical activity and healthy nutrition programs were applied to intervention group 1, and only the healthy nutrition program was applied to intervention group 2. BMI measurements were repeated 8 months after the interventions. The differences between the 2 BMI measurements were calculated.Results: The increase of BMI was 0.51 in the control group and 0.35 and 0.37 in the respective intervention groups. It was found that the BMI increase in both of the intervention groups was lower than that of the control group, which means that the interventions were effective.Conclusion: Two different intervention programs were applied (healthy nutrition program and/or physical activity) and were found to be effective in preventing obesity in children