Associations of fatty acids with systolic and diastolic blood pressure z-scores at baseline, after two years and after six years of follow-up stratified by BMI category¹.

<p>Associations of fatty acids with systolic and diastolic blood pressure z-scores at baseline, after two years and after six years of follow-up stratified by BMI category<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0165981#t003fn001" target="_blank">¹</a>.</p

Flow chart of the inclusion and exclusion of IDEFICS/I.Family participants.

<p>Flow chart of the inclusion and exclusion of IDEFICS/I.Family participants.</p

Associations of fatty acids with systolic and diastolic blood pressure z-scores at baseline, after two years and after six years of follow-up stratified by sex¹.

<p>Associations of fatty acids with systolic and diastolic blood pressure z-scores at baseline, after two years and after six years of follow-up stratified by sex<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0165981#t004fn001" target="_blank">¹</a>.</p

Associations of polyunsaturated fatty acids with systolic and diastolic blood pressure z-scores at baseline, after 2 years and after 6 years of follow-up estimated based on fully adjusted mixed-effects models¹.

<p>Associations of polyunsaturated fatty acids with systolic and diastolic blood pressure z-scores at baseline, after 2 years and after 6 years of follow-up estimated based on fully adjusted mixed-effects models<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0165981#t002fn001" target="_blank">¹</a>.</p

Baseline characteristics of the study population by blood pressure category¹ and sex.

<p>Baseline characteristics of the study population by blood pressure category<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0165981#t001fn001" target="_blank">¹</a> and sex.</p

Predicted BMI growth trajectories of children having a mother with a BMI of 20 kg/m² (solid) vs. with a BMI of 25 kg/m² (dashed) by sex (girls: black; boys: grey) and country; all other covariates were set to a constant value (continuous covariates were set to 0 (i.e. to the value used for centring), categorical variables were set to the reference category).

<p>Predicted BMI growth trajectories of children having a mother with a BMI of 20 kg/m² (solid) vs. with a BMI of 25 kg/m² (dashed) by sex (girls: black; boys: grey) and country; all other covariates were set to a constant value (continuous covariates were set to 0 (i.e. to the value used for centring), categorical variables were set to the reference category).</p

Theoretical models displaying the direct effects in proposed pathways through which BP (SBP or DBP, respectively) is affected by the SNP (rs174546), by fatty acids (DGLA, ARA, EPA, D5D index) as well as by BMI.

<p>Theoretical models displaying the direct effects in proposed pathways through which BP (SBP or DBP, respectively) is affected by the SNP (rs174546), by fatty acids (DGLA, ARA, EPA, D5D index) as well as by BMI.</p

Estimated marginal mean values for BMI at ages 1 to 11 years and 99% confidence intervals for the basic and covariate-adjusted model stratified by sex.

<p>Covariates are held constant (centred values for continuous variables, reference category for categorical variables).</p

Standardized estimates of direct and indirect effects and corresponding p-values obtained from path analyses for the associations among systolic/diastolic blood pressure z-score, BMI z-score, the FA and D5D index and the SNP rs174546.

<p>Standardized estimates of direct and indirect effects and corresponding p-values obtained from path analyses for the associations among systolic/diastolic blood pressure z-score, BMI z-score, the FA and D5D index and the SNP rs174546.</p

Standardized estimates of direct effects of EPA on BMI z-score and SBP z-score/DBP z-score and indirect effects of EPA on SBP z-score/DBP z-score via BMI z-score in thin/normal weight versus overweight/obese children obtained from path analyses.

<p>Standardized estimates of direct effects of EPA on BMI z-score and SBP z-score/DBP z-score and indirect effects of EPA on SBP z-score/DBP z-score via BMI z-score in thin/normal weight versus overweight/obese children obtained from path analyses.</p