10 research outputs found
The effects of caffeine on the renal antioxidant activity in rats
WOS: 000377541000011Objective: In our study, the short-term effects of caffeine on the renal antioxidant activity in rats were investigated. Methods: Caffeine was given orally at two different doses: 30 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg (a high non-toxic dose). The current study included 30 rats, which were divided into 3 groups: a control group and two caffeine-treated groups. Group 1 was given caffeine at 30 mg/kg and Group 2 was given caffeine at 100 mg/kg for 14 days. We measured advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP), malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitric oxide (NO) levels in the kidney tissue following caffeine administration. In addition, we also evaluated superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione S transferase (GST) activities in the kidney tissue. Results: Our results showed that caffeine administration decreased lipid peroxidation and advanced oxidation protein products in kidney. Especially, MDA levels in the kidney tissue of the caffeine-treated groups decreased significantly as a result of the dose. NO levels in the kidney tissue of the caffeine-treated groups were higher than those in the control group. GST activities in the kidney tissue of rats in the caffeine groups also increased significantly. In our study, we did not observe significant changes in renal SOD activities upon caffeine consuption. Conclusion: These results show that short-term consumption of two different doses of caffeine may protect against oxidative stress in the kidney tissue of rats. This effect is related to the caffeine dosage. Determining the mechanisms and antioxidant effects of caffeine at suitable dose requires advanced animal and human studies
Increased serum YKL-40 level is associated with the presence and severity of metabolic syndrome
Objective: Metabolic syndrome (MS) is defined by a cluster of
interdependent physiological, biochemical, and clinical risk factors and
linked to a state of chronic inflammation. YKL-40 is known as an
inflammatory glycoprotein, which is secreted by various cell lines
during inflammation. Thus, we aimed to assess the association of serum
YKL-40 levels with the presence and severity of MS.
Methods: In this prospective cross-sectional study, a total of 177
consecutive patients {[}n=114 MS present and n=63 MS absent] were
enrolled. MS was defined according to National Cholesterol Education
Program Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP-ATP III) criteria. Serum YKL-40
and hs-CRP levels were measured for all participants.
Results: Serum YKL-40, hs-CRP and white blood cell count (WBC) were
significantly higher in the MS present group (p<0.05). There was a
graded relationship between increasing number of MS components and serum
YKL-40 level (p<0.05). In addition, serum YKL-40 level was positively
correlated with hs-CRP level (r=0.467, p<0.001) and WBC count (r=0.251,
p=0.001). In multivariable regression analysis, serum YKL-40 {[}1.022
(1.011-1.033), p<0.001] and hs-CRP {[}1.346 (1.111-1.632), p=0.002] were
remained as independent predictors for the presence of MS. In the ROC
curve analysis, using a cut-off level of 147.0, YKL-40 well predicted
the presence of MS with a sensitivity of 73.7\% and specificity of
69.8\% (AUC: 0.785; 95\% CI: 0.718-0.853, p<0.001).
Conclusion: In this study, we demonstrated that serum YKL-40 level was
significantly associated with the presence of MS. According to these
findings, we concluded that serum YKL-40 may be a novel and useful
indicator for MS
The oxidative stress index increases among patients with hyperemesis gravidarum but not in normal pregnancies
Objective: The etiology and pathogenesis of hyperemesis gravidarum (HG)
is still undetermined and has been suggested to involve oxidative
stress. We aimed to evaluate the status of oxidative stress in HG by
measuring the levels of total oxidant status (TOS), total antioxidant
status (TAS), and by calculating the oxidative stress index (OSI).
Methods: In a case-control trial, fasting morning blood samples of
patients with HG (n = 41) and healthy pregnant women (n = 39) were
collected for analysis of serum TOS and TAS values as well as for
calculation of OSI according to the formula: OSI = TOS / TAS x 100.
Results: Serum TOS and TAS levels were similar in both groups. However,
serum TAS levels were lower among HG patients compared to controls,
which resulted in an increase in OSI (P = 0.025).
Discussion: The present study supports the role of systemic oxidative
stress, reflected by an imbalance between the TOS and TAS, in patients
with HG. Our findings distinguish the mechanism underlying oxidative
stress to result from reduction of antioxidants rather than an increase
in oxidants
Rivaroxaban Induces Mucosal Healing in a Rat Model of Trinitrobenzene Sulfonic Acid-Induced Colitis.
This study was designed to identify the effect of rivaroxaban, a direct factor Xa inhibitor, on trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS)-induced colitis in rats
Serum Total Sialic Acid Level is Elevated in Hypothyroid Patients as an Atherosclerotic Risk Factor
BackgroundSerum total sialic acid (TSA) concentration is regarded as an
indicator of the risks of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular diseases.
The association between SA levels and atherosclerosis risk factors has
not been assessed in patients with thyroid diseases.
MethodsSixty newly diagnosed treatment-naive hypothyroid patients, 35
with subclinical and 25 with overt hypothyroidism, and 30 euthyroid
individuals were analyzed. SA was measured in fasting blood samples, as
were routine biochemical parameters, some atherosclerosis markers and
carotid artery intima media thickness (CIMT).
ResultsMean SA (38.1 12.0 vs. 46.0 +/- 15.8; P = 0.019) and CIMT (0.57
+/- 0.06 vs. 0.62 +/- 0.12; P = 0.013) were found to be higher in the
patient group compared with the control group. Mean sialic acid was
higher in overt hypothyroidism patients compared with subclinical
hypothyroidism patients and the control group. No difference was found
between the subclinical hypothyroidism group and the control group.
Sialic acid level and CIMT had a positive correlation in both the entire
population and the hypothyroidism group. The linear regression model
established for mean CIMT level in the entire population showed that
risk factors of LDL (B +/- SE = 0.454 +/- 0.206; P = 0.030), uric acid
(B +/- SE = 1.902 +/- 0.686; P = 0.007), hs-CRP (B +/- SE = 1.003 +/-
0.380; P =0.010), and SA (B +/- SE = 2.419 +/- 0.450; P < 0.001) were
independent predictors of CIMT level.
ConclusionSialic acid level is elevated in hypothyroid patients.
However, this elevation is not related to thyroid hormone levels and
autoantibodies. Correlations between SA and atherosclerosis indicators,
such as CIMT, LDL, hs-CRP, and uric acid, in hypothyroid individuals
suggest that SA may be an indicator of atherogenesis in these patients
Pentoxifylline attenuates mucosal damage in an experimental model of rat colitis by modulating tissue biomarkers of inflammation, oxidative stress, and fibrosis
Background/aim: This study was designed to identify the effect of
pentoxifylline on trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS)-induced colitis
in rats.
Materials and methods: Forty-two female Wistar rats were randomly
divided into 7 groups: group A, TNBS + intraperitoneal (IP)
pentoxifylline; group B, TNBS + IP saline; group C, TNBS + intrarectal
(IR) pentoxifylline; group D, TNBS + IR saline; group E, IP
pentoxifylline + TNBS; group F, IP saline + TNBS; group G, IR saline.
Pentoxifylline was given daily for 3 days before or 6 days after the
induction of colitis. Rats were killed after 6 days.
Results: IP and IR pentoxifylline similarly and significantly reduced
damage and histopathological scores. Pentoxifylline attenuated the
accumulation of malonyldialdehyde and transforming growth factor beta 1
and the activities of myeloperoxidase, matrix metalloproteinase-3, and
tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-1, and it also restored
superoxide dismutase activity. The IP route was more effective than the
IR route in this regard. Administration of IP pentoxifylline before or
after induction did not influence all parameters.
Conclusions: Pentoxifylline showed a therapeutic effect in this
experimental colitis model. IP administration seemed to be better. This
effect may occur as a result of inhibition of oxidative stress and
metalloproteinase activity
Rivaroxaban Induces Mucosal Healing in a Rat Model of Trinitrobenzene Sulfonic Acid-Induced Colitis
Objective: This study was designed to identify the effect of
rivaroxaban, a direct factor Xa inhibitor, on trinitrobenzene sulfonic
acid (TNBS)-induced colitis in rats. Materials and Methods: Twenty-four
female Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups of 6 each. Group 1
received TNBS + rivaroxaban, group 2 received TNBS + methylprednisolone,
group 3 received TNBS and group 4 received a saline enema. Colitis was
induced in the rats by the intracolonic administration of TNBS.
Rivaroxaban and methylprednisolone were given by oral gavage daily for 7
days. The rats were killed 7 days after the induction of colitis.
Results: Rivaroxaban and methylprednisolone significantly reduced gross
damage and histopathological scores. Rivaroxaban was more effective than
methylprednisolone in terms of microscopic mucosal healing. Rivaroxaban
attenuated the accumulation of malonyldialdehyde (MDA) and transforming
growth-factor beta(1) (TGF-beta(1)) and the activites of myeloperoxidase
(MPO), matrix metalloproteinase-3 and tissue inhibitor of
metalloproteinases-1. Methylprednisolone reduced only the activity of
MPO and the accumulation of MDA and TGF-beta(1). Superoxide dismutase
activity showed a restoration to normal levels after rivaroxaban and
methylprednisolone administration. Conclusions: Rivaroxaban showed a
therapeutic effect in the TNBS model of experimental colitis, and it
seemed to be at least as effective as methylprednisolone. This effect
may be brought about by the inhibition of oxidative stress and
metalloproteinase activity associated with tissue injury and remodeling.
(C) 2015 S. Karger AG, Base
Sirtuin 1 Levels in Recurrent Implantation Failure
<div><p>Abstract Sirtuin 1 has an important role in cellular processes, including apoptosis and cellular stress. The purpose of this study was to assess serum sirtuin 1 levels in women with recurrent implantation failure (RIF). In this cross-sectional study, we included 28 women with RIF, 29 healthy women who had conceived by in vitro fertilization (IVF), and 30 women with a 1-cycle failure of IVF as controls. Human serum nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD)-dependent deacetylase sirtuin-1 (SIRT1/SIRT2L1) levels were detected using a commercial colorimetric kit. Recurrent implantation failure patients have higher sirtuin 1 levels than non-pregnant women and healthy pregnant women, but this difference did not reach statistical significance due to the low number of patients in our study. These higher sirtuin 1 levels may result from the inflammation imbalance of RIF patients. The only statistically significant correlation found was between age and sirtuin (r = 0.277, p = 0.009).</p></div