Medical imaging professionals and related specialties : a questioning is essential!

peer reviewed: S’il y a bien un domaine où les annonces pleuvent en matière de développement de l’intelligence artificielle (IA), c’est le secteur de l’imagerie médicale au sens large du terme (regroupant la radiologie, la médecine nucléaire et la radiothérapie). Les applications, encore souvent utilisées dans des niches précises, ont tendance à devenir beaucoup plus transversales. De multiples acteurs industriels, en partenariat avec les utilisateurs, s’évertuent à construire de réelles plateformes qui offrent aux cliniciens une multitude d’applications utilisables pour combler plusieurs types de demandes et besoins (détection, diagnostic et prédiction). Il est indéniable que la capacité de l’IA dépasse largement nos capacités humaines en matière de résolution de l’image, de rapidité et d’efficience de lecture et d’analyse. Une attitude de négation ou de scepticisme de la part des professionnels du secteur n’est plus de mise. Ils doivent, sans attendre, collaborer avec les spécialistes data et les ingénieurs au développement à large échelle de l’IA en imagerie médicale et ce, au profit des patients et des payeurs.: Nowadays, we are facing an overwhelming amount of public announcements concerning the rise of artificial intelligence (AI) in the world of medical imaging (including radiology, nuclear medicine and radiotherapy). While most of the applications are still limited to specific niches, there is a general trend to build real transversal platforms. Multiple industrial players, in collaboration with the clinicians in the field, are striving to build those platforms in order to offer plenty of use cases of AI for several purposes and needs (screening/detection, diagnosis and prediction). It is already undeniable that AI far exceeds human capabilities in terms of resolution, speed of image analysis and efficiency. Negative attitudes and skepticism from concerned professionals should be banned. Collaboration with data scientists and engineers for the large scale development and implementation should be pushed forward for the benefit of both patients and payers

Le sang de cordon: du laboratoire au lit du malade.

Since 1974, umbilical cord blood (CB) has been shown to contain haematopoietic stem cells similar to stem cells from the bone marrow. In 1988, E. Gluckman and her colleagues performed - successfully - the first familial CB transplantation and cured a 5 years old child suffering from Fanconi's anemia. Rapidly, CB banks were organised throughout in the world and thanks to this novel source of haematopoietic stem cells, we can now find a donor for 75 % of the patients requiring a "bone marrow" transplantation. The major benefit of CB as a source of hematopoietic stem cells is its easy access. CB also allows a more significant degree of HLA incompatibility and thus offers an opportunity of transplantation to ethnic minorities for whom no HLA identical donors are available. However, several studies have shown that the number of cells harvested in a CB was closely correlated with the engraftment post transplantation and today, a minimum of 3.7 x 10(7) mononucleated cells/kg is recommended. This required amount of cells is not always reached due to the small volume often harvested from a CB. Therefore, to apply CB transplantations to adults, different approaches are currently being investigated :coinfusion of haploidentical cells, mesenchymal cells, a second CB, or the addition of CB expanded ex-vivo. Among these approaches, double CB transplantation seems nowadays the most promising alternative and ongoing studies should soon inform us whether the duration of aplasia will be improved.English AbstractJournal Articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishe

How about professionalism, professions and standards: the creation of acculturated professionals

Professional education is both an epistemological and ontological experience. The end game is to be a practitioner within a selected profession that satisfies personal expectations while contributing to society through practice. There is a triadic sensemaking relationship between the individual wanting to be a professional, the higher education institution (HEI) providing the preparatory curriculum and related experiences and the different stakeholders who employ the new professional and those expecting intellectual capital and productivity gains from these new professionals. Therefore, quality is a many-sided perception dependent on whose purpose frames its evaluation and the extent to which outcomes are determined to be gains. This chapter discusses the various perspectives of what quality is and the transferability of determinations between the different perceivers