A study on scrape smear cytology in oral leukoplakia in a tertiary health care centre of southern Assam

Background: Oral cavity is susceptible to countless changes with advancing, environmental, and lifestyle related habits and factors. Oral mucosal lesions especially related to chewing and smoking of tobacco have led to the increased incidence and prevalence of potentially malignant and malignant disorders worldwide. Oral leukoplakia has been a very frequent finding in patients coming to our department and with an increasing rise of oral squamous cell carcinoma in the region, the study was conducted.Methods: Patients referred to our section from various department with white oral lesion. Scrapping smears were prepared. Stained with MGG and PAP stain. Study period: January 2019 to May 2020.Results: Total number of patients with white oral lesion were 83. Out of these 65 were male and 18 were female. Most of the patients had addiction to betel nut and leaf with tobacco and few had history of intake of bidi for several years.Conclusions: The study reveals that most of the oral leukoplakia cases is attributed to smoking, betel nut and lime intake. Exfoliative cytology of oral mucosa serves to be an easy, convenient and reproducible technique for early diagnosis of premalignant condition. Biopsy can be used as an adjunct in cases showing atypia and mixed type of keratosis

Bio-medical waste management in different hospitals of Guwahati and its effect on environment

Biomedical waste may be defined as the waste which is produced during the diagnosis, research activities, treatment of patients, treatment of animals, production and testing of biological product and including articles as mentioned in schedule I of the Biomedical Waste (Management and handling) (second amendment) Rules 2000, as per Ministry of  Environment and Forests notification. Proper treatment, handling, and disposal of biomedical wastes is essential for healthcare infection control program. There may be a high risk of infections in patients due to the poor management of biomedical waste which can lead to antibiotic resistance. It is not only the health of the patient, but also the health of persons who are associated with health care industry equally important. This article speaks about how the hospitals present in Guwahati treat their waste material and the effect of the waste in the environmen

Histopathological study of soft tissue tumours in a tertiary health centre in southern part of Assam

Background: Soft tissue tumors are defined as mesenchymal proliferations which occur in the extraskeletal non-epithelial tissues of the body, excluding the viscera, coverings of brain and   lymphoreticular system. The objective of this study was to study the histopathological features of soft tissue tumors and to study the occurrence of soft tissue tumors in relation to age, sex and anatomical site.Methods: This study comprised of 89 cases studied over a period of two years. All soft tissue tumors, their gross features, microscopic findings were analysed in detail. Soft tissue tumors were divided into benign and malignant categories and further sub typing were done according to World Health Organization (WHO) classification. The distribution of soft tissue tumors according to the age, sex and site of occurrence was studied.Results: Out of 89 cases of soft tissue tumors, 76 cases were benign, 4 cases belonged to intermediate category and 9 cases were malignant. Adipocytic tumors formed the largest group constituting 39 cases. Vascular tumors were the second commonest (26 cases) followed by peripheral nerve sheath tumors (11 cases). The benign tumors were seen in younger age as compared to malignant tumors. Malignant soft tissue tumors was seen to be more common in male than female and pleomorphic sarcoma and liposarcoma was commonest (3 cases each).Conclusions: Benign tumors were more common than malignant. The most common benign tumors were lipoma followed by hemangioma and schwannoma. The most common malignant tumor was pleomorphic sarcoma. The benign tumors were seen in younger age as compared to malignant tumors

Art. 1.1475/ringraziamenti

Abstract. -Tuberculosis (TB) is still a leading cause of death worldwide. Almost a third of the world's population is infected with TB bacilli, and each year approximately 8 million people develop active tuberculosis and 2 million die as a result. However, there are few studies of long-term TB treatment outcomes from Directly Observed Therapy, Shor t-course (DOTS) programs in high-burden settings and particularly settings of high drug resistance. This study is a systematic review to evidence the incidence and prevalence of latent TB infection (LTBI) and disease and to evaluate the impact of various preventive strategies that have been attempted. To identify relevant studies, we searched electronic databases and journals, and contacted experts in the field. This review demonstrates that, various types of tuberculosis have different imaging findings, and typical computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance (MG) findings can suggest the diagnosis. Available evidence reinforces the need to design and implement simple, effective, and affordable tuberculosis infection-control programs in health-care facilities in our countries. With the revision of all the data's, we are able to conclude that the controlling of tuberculosis by human beings is yet not achieved. So, there is an urgency to develop awareness amongst the individuals and also a new drugs regimen for the proper treatment of tuberculosis

The exact solutions of the 2+1–dimensional Kadomtsev–Petviashvili equation with variable coefficients by extended generalized G′G-expansion method

In this paper 2+1–dimensional Kadomtsev–Petviashvili (KP) equation with variable coefficients is investigated through the extended generalized G′G–expansion technique. One of the most universal model is KP equation, which is used to explain the ion acoustic waves in plasma physics, to model two dimensional shallow water waves, and in ferromagnetic, Bose–Einstein condensation and string theory. The obtained exact solutions of KP equation are in the form of hyperbolic function, trigonometric function, and rational function. With the aid of symbolic computational software Mathematica, the three dimensional surface plots with corresponding contour plots are provided for the obtained closed from solutions, which are of the form of solitary waves, multi solitons and periodic solitary wave like dynamical structures

Not Available

Not AvailableComparative evaluation of different farming system models suitable for small and marginal farmers of NagalandNot Availabl

Not Available

Not AvailableComparative evaluation of different farming system models suitable for small and marginal farmers of NagalandNot Availabl

Sputum Proteomics Reveals a Shift in Vitamin D-binding Protein and Antimicrobial Protein Axis in Tuberculosis Patients

Abstract Existing understanding of molecular composition of sputum and its role in tuberculosis patients is variously limited to its diagnostic potential. We sought to identify infection induced sputum proteome alteration in active/non tuberculosis patients (A/NTB) and their role in altered lung patho-physiology. Out of the study population (n = 118), sputum proteins isolated from discovery set samples (n = 20) was used for an 8-plex isobaric tag for relative and absolute concentration analysis. A minimum set of protein with at least log2(ATB/NTB) >±1.0 in ATB was selected as biosignature and validated in 32 samples. Predictive accuracy was calculated from area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC of ROC) using a confirmatory set (n = 50) by Western blot analysis. Mass spectrometry analysis identified a set of 192 sputum proteins, out of which a signature of β-integrin, vitamin D binding protein:DBP, uteroglobin, profilin and cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide was sufficient to differentiate ATB from NTB. AUC of ROC of the biosignature was calculated to 0.75. A shift in DBP-antimicrobial peptide (AMP) axis in the lungs of tuberculosis patients is observed. The identified sputum protein signature is a promising panel to differentiate ATB from NTB groups and suggest a deregulated DBP-AMP axis in lungs of tuberculosis patients