Curcumin combining with si-MALAT1 inhibits the invasion and migration of colon cancer SW480 cells

To study the effect of small interfering RNA targeting metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript1 (si-MALAT1) combining with curcumin on the invasion and migration abilities of human colon cancer SW480 cells, and to explore the involved molecular mechanism. The recombinant lentiviral vector expressing si-MALAT1 was constructed, and its titer was determined by gradient dilution method. The colon cancer SW480 cells with stable expression of si-MALAT1 was established, followed by treatment with curcumin at different concentrations. The effect of curcumin or si-MALAT1 alone and the combination of the two on the cell activity was detected by MTT assay. The cell invasion and migration abilities were detected by transwell and scratch-wound assay. The relative expression level of MALAT1 was detected by RT-qPCR. The protein expression was determined by Western blot analysis. The IC50 of curcumin alone was 77.69 µmol/L, which was 51.17 mol/Lwhen combined with curcumin and random sequence. The IC50 of curcumin was 30.02 µmol/L when combined with si-MALAT1. The increased susceptibility multiples was 2.58. The wound healing rates were 30.9% and 67.5% after treatment with si-MALAT1 combined with curcumin for 24 hrs and 48 hrs, respectively. The numbers of invasion cells were 200±12, 162±13, 66±8, 53±4 and 16±3 after treatment with si-MALAT1 combined with curcumin for 48 hrs. The relative expression level of lncRNA-MALAT1 in the curcumin group was 68%, and the relative expression level of lncRNA-MALAT1 in si-MALAT1group was 56%, and that for the combination treatment group was about 21%. The protein expression levels of β- catenin, c-myc and cyclinD1 were significantly down-regulated upon treatment with certain concentration of si-MALAT1 alone or combined with curcumin.si-MALAT1 could significantly inhibit the invasion and migration of SW480 cells by enhancing the sensitivity of SW480 cells to curcumin. The mechanism involved mignt be related to the down-regulation of β-catenin, c-myc and cyclinD1 proteins

The Research of QoS Approach in Web Servers

Proportional Delay Guarantee has been widely used in the Web QoS service, and the most basic methods are the feedback of control theory and the predictive control of queuing theory. While the former belonging to passive control has a long setting time and imperfect real-time, the latter can not simulate the Web server queuing system well because of the model limitations. After the experimental verification and shortages analysis of the two methods, an improved approach is proposed in this paper. Based on the queuing feature of Web server and the HTTP 1.1 persistent connection, the improved approach predicts the delay by calculating the queue length and service rate and achieves the relative delay guarantee of different classes by adjusting their quota of worker threads. The experimental results demonstrate that the approach could maintain the relative delay guarantees well even in poor network environment and performs a much better superior compared with the traditional methods

Optimization of Extraction Process by Response Surface Method and Analysis of Antioxidant Activity in Vitro of Total Flavonoids from Abrus precatorius Linn

The objective of this study was to optimize the extraction process of flavonoids from Abrus precatorius Linn, and explored its antioxidant activity. Ethanol volume fraction, solid-liquid ratio, ultrasonic energy and ultrasonic extracting time as variables, the yield of flavonoids as evaluation index, single factor tests and Box-Behnken method were used to optimize the extraction process. The scavenging ability on DPPH, ABTS+ free radicals, and the reducing power of flavonoids from Abrus precatorius Linn were also detected to estimate the antioxidant activities. Results showed that, when solid-liquid ratio reached 1:50, the optimum extraction process (0.696%, highest yield) could be achieved under condition of ethanol volume fraction 82%, ultrasonic energy 507 J and ultrasonic extracting time 42 min. Half effective concentration being EC50 0.028 and 0.009 mg/mL respectively. Abrus precatorius Linn flavonoids were able to scavenge DPPH and ABTS+ free radicals effectively, and its ability risen as mass concentration increases, meaning it is superior to Trolox. When flavonoid concentration was set at 5 mg/mL, the reducing power on iron ion reached 2.42 mmol/L, which was weaker than Trolox. To sum up, ultrasonic extraction technology can be effectively employed to the extraction of Abrus precatorius Linn flavonoids, resulting in better antioxidant activity

Increased plasmin-mediated proteolysis of L1CAM in a mouse model of idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus

Idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH) is a common neurological disorder that is characterized by enlarged cerebral ventricles, gait difficulty, incontinence, and dementia. iNPH usually develops after the sixth decade of life in previously asymptomatic individuals. We recently reported that loss-of-function deletions in CWH43 lead to the development of iNPH in a subgroup of patients, but how this occurs is poorly understood. Here, we show that deletions in CWH43 decrease expression of the cell adhesion molecule, L1CAM, in the brains of CWH43 mutant mice and in human HeLa cells harboring a CWH43 deletion. Loss-of-function mutations in L1CAM are a common cause of severe neurodevelopmental defects that include congenital X-linked hydrocephalus. Mechanistically, we find that CWH43 deletion leads to decreased N-glycosylation of L1CAM, decreased association of L1CAM with cell membrane lipid microdomains, increased L1CAM cleavage by plasmin, and increased shedding of cleaved L1CAM in the cerebrospinal fluid. CWH43 deletion also decreased L1CAM nuclear translocation, suggesting decreased L1CAM intracellular signaling. Importantly, the increase in L1CAM cleavage occurred primarily in the ventricular and subventricular zones where brain CWH43 is most highly expressed. Thus, CWH43 deletions may contribute to adult-onset iNPH by selectively downregulating L1CAM in the ventricular and subventricular zone

Experimental Research on Heat Transfer Characteristics of CuO Nanofluid in Adiabatic Condition

The laminar convective heat transfer behavior of CuO nanoparticle dispersions in glycol with the average particle sizes (about 70 nm) was investigated experimentally in a flow loop with constant heat flux. To enhance heat exchange under high temperature condition and get the more accurate data, we try to improve the traditional experimental apparatus which is used to test nanofluid heat transfer characteristics. In the experiment five different nanoparticle concentrations (0.25%, 0.50%, 0.80%, 1.20%, and 1.50%) were investigated in a flow loop with constant heat flux. The experimental results show that the heat transfer coefficient of nanofluid becomes higher than that of pure fluid at the same Reynolds number and increased with the increasing of the mass fraction of CuO nanoparticles. Results also indicate that at very low volume concentrations nanofluid has no major impact on heat transfer parameters and the pressure of nanofluids increased by the mass fraction increase

Deletions in CWH43 cause idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus

Idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH) is a neurological disorder that occurs in about 1% of individuals over age 60 and is characterized by enlarged cerebral ventricles, gait difficulty, incontinence, and cognitive decline. The cause and pathophysiology of iNPH are largely unknown. We performed whole exome sequencing of DNA obtained from 53 unrelated iNPH patients. Two recurrent heterozygous loss of function deletions in CWH43 were observed in 15% of iNPH patients and were significantly enriched 6.6-fold and 2.7-fold, respectively, when compared to the general population. Cwh43 modifies the lipid anchor of glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored proteins. Mice heterozygous for CWH43 deletion appeared grossly normal but displayed hydrocephalus, gait and balance abnormalities, decreased numbers of ependymal cilia, and decreased localization of glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored proteins to the apical surfaces of choroid plexus and ependymal cells. Our findings provide novel mechanistic insights into the origins of iNPH and demonstrate that it represents a distinct disease entity

Classification of refinable splines

A refinable spline is a compactly supported refinable function that is piecewise polynomial. Refinable splines, such as the well-known B-splines, play a key role in computer aided geometric design. So far all studies on refinable splines have focused on positive integer dilations and integer translations, and under this setting a rather complete classification was obtained in [12]. However, refinable splines do not have to have integer dilations and integer translations. The classification of refinable splines with noninteger dilations and arbitrary translations is studied in this paper. We classify completely all refinable splines with integer translations and arbitrary dilations. Our study involves techniques from number theory and complex analysis. © 2006 Springer Science+Business Media, Inc

An Improved Method for Dynamic Measurement of Deflections of the Vertical Based on the Maintenance of Attitude Reference

A new method for dynamic measurement of deflections of the vertical (DOV) is proposed in this paper. The integration of an inertial navigation system (INS) and global navigation satellite system (GNSS) is constructed to measure the body’s attitude with respect to the astronomical coordinates. Simultaneously, the attitude with respect to the geodetic coordinates is initially measured by a star sensor under quasi-static condition and then maintained by the laser gyroscope unit (LGU), which is composed of three gyroscopes in the INS, when the vehicle travels along survey lines. Deflections of the vertical are calculated by using the difference between the attitudes with respect to the geodetic coordinates and astronomical coordinates. Moreover, an algorithm for removing the trend error of the vertical deflections is developed with the aid of Earth Gravitational Model 2008 (EGM2008). In comparison with traditional methods, the new method required less accurate GNSS, because the dynamic acceleration calculation is avoided. The errors of inertial sensors are well resolved in the INS/GNSS integration, which is implemented by a Rauch–Tung–Striebel (RTS) smoother. In addition, a single-axis indexed INS is adopted to improve the observability of the system errors and to restrain the inertial sensor errors. The proposed method is validated by Monte Carlo simulations. The results show that deflections of the vertical can achieve a precision of better than 1″ for a single survey line. The proposed method can be applied to a gravimetry system based on a ground vehicle or ship with a speed lower than 25 m/s

An experiment on the non-breaking surface-wave-induced vertical mixing

Mixing induced by nonbreaking surface waves was investigated in a wave tank by measuring the thermal destratification rate of the water column. One experiment without waves and four experiments with waves of amplitudes ranging from 1.0 to 1.5 cm and wavelength from 30 to 75 cm were conducted. Water temperature variations at depths from 4 to 12 cm below the surface were measured. In the layer from 4 to 7 cm, the originally dense isothermal lines disperse soon after the waves are generated, whereas the vertical gradient from 9 to 12 cm is maintained for a relatively long time. The time span, during which the water temperature becomes well mixed, changes from about 20 h for the case with no waves to tens of minutes for the case with waves, and it decreases with increasing wave amplitude and wavelength. A one-dimensional diffusion numerical model with wave-induced mixing parameterization shows consistent results with the measurement. The study demonstrates that the mixing induced by nonbreaking waves may add an important contribution to the vertical mixing process in the upper ocean and suggests a way to parameterize wave-induced mixing in numerical ocean models