Search for QCD-instantons at HERA

Signals of QCD instanton induced processes are searched for in deep-inelastic ep scattering at HERA in a kinematic region defined by the Bjorken scaling variables x>0.001, 0.1156 degrees. Upper limits are derived from the expected instanton-induced final state properties based on the QCDINS Monte Carlo model.Comment: 3 pages, 4 figures, World Scientific Doc. class (included); For the H1 Collaboration; to be publ. in Proc. ICHEP 2000, Osak

Genuine Correlations in Hadronic Z0^0 Decays

Correlations among hadrons with the same electric charge produced in Z$^0$ decays are studied using the high statistics data collected from 1991 through 1995 with the OPAL detector at LEP. Normalized factorial cumulants up to fourth order are used to measure genuine pa rticle correlations as a function of the size of phase space domains in rapidity, azimuthal angle and transverse momentum. tein correlations. Some of the recently proposed algorithms to simulate Bose-Einstein effects, implemented in the Monte Carlo model \PYTHIA, reproduce reasonably well the me asured second- and higher-order correlations between particles with the same charge as well as those in all-charge particle multiplets.Comment: 6 pages, 4 figures (in ps), talk given at XXXI International Symposium on Multiparticle Dynamics, Sept 1-7, 2001, Datong China. See http://202.114.35.18

Bose-Einstein Correlations in e+e- -> W+W- at a Linear Collider

We show that the most popular method to simulate Bose-Einstein (BE) interference effects predicts negligible correlations between identical pions originating from the hadronic decay of different W's produced in e+e- -> W+W- -> 4 jets at typical linear collider energies.Comment: 5 pages, 2 eps figures, Proccedings of the Workshop "Physics Studies for a Future Linear Collider", QCD Working Group, 2000, DESY 123

How Can Viral Dynamics Models Inform Endpoint Measures in Clinical Trials of Therapies for Acute Viral Infections?

Acute viral infections pose many practical challenges for the accurate assessment of the impact of novel therapies on viral growth and decay. Using the example of influenza A, we illustrate how the measurement of infection-related quantities that determine the dynamics of viral load within the human host, can inform investigators on the course and severity of infection and the efficacy of a novel treatment. We estimated the values of key infection-related quantities that determine the course of natural infection from viral load data, using Markov Chain Monte Carlo methods. The data were placebo group viral load measurements collected during volunteer challenge studies, conducted by Roche, as part of the oseltamivir trials. We calculated the values of the quantities for each patient and the correlations between the quantities, symptom severity and body temperature. The greatest variation among individuals occurred in the viral load peak and area under the viral load curve. Total symptom severity correlated positively with the basic reproductive number. The most sensitive endpoint for therapeutic trials with the goal to cure patients is the duration of infection. We suggest laboratory experiments to obtain more precise estimates of virological quantities that can supplement clinical endpoint measurements

Universality classes in anisotropic non-equilibrium growth models

We study the effect of generic spatial anisotropies on the scaling behavior in the Kardar-Parisi-Zhang equation. In contrast to its "conserved" variants, anisotropic perturbations are found to be relevant in d > 2 dimensions, leading to rich phenomena that include novel universality classes and the possibility of first-order phase transitions and multicritical behavior. These results question the presumed scaling universality in the strong-coupling rough phase, and shed further light on the connection with generalized driven diffusive systems.Comment: 4 pages, revtex, 2 figures (eps files enclosed

Quantum Weakly Nondeterministic Communication Complexity

We study the weakest model of quantum nondeterminism in which a classical proof has to be checked with probability one by a quantum protocol. We show the first separation between classical nondeterministic communication complexity and this model of quantum nondeterministic communication complexity for a total function. This separation is quadratic.Comment: 12 pages. v3: minor correction

Bayesian joint models with INLA exploring marine mobile predator-prey and competitor species habitat overlap

EPSRC grant Ecowatt 2050 EP/K012851/1 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS We would like to thank the associate editor and the anonymous reviewers for their useful and constructive suggestions which led to a considerable improvement of the manuscript. The authors would also like to thank the following people/organizations for making large datasets available for use in this paper: Mark Lewis (Joint Nature Conservation Committee), Philip Hammond (Scottish Oceans Institute, University of St. Andrews), Susan Lusseau (Marine Scotland Science), Darren Stevens (The Sir Alister Hardy Foundation for Ocean Science, PML), and Yuri Artioli (Plymouth Marine Laboratory). This work was supported by the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EcoWatt250; EPSRC EP/K012851/1).Peer reviewedPublisher PD