Inventaire archéologique et habitat médiéval dans le canton de Lanta

Date de l'opération : 1991 (PR) Inventeur(s) : Daydé Myriam Ce travail, sous le titre « Inventaire archéologique et habitat médiéval dans le canton de Lanta », a été présenté comme mémoire de maîtrise à l’université de Toulouse – Le-Mirail. Le canton de Lanta s’étend sur le Lauragais occidental. Situé à une vingtaine de kilomètres à l’est de Toulouse, il se compose de dix communes qui couvrent 10 728 ha : Aigrefeuille, Aurin, Bourg-Saint-Bernard, Lanta, Lauzerville, Préserville, Saint-Pierre ..

Variations autour d'un texte. Débat démocratique ou discipline de la cité ?: Le cas français de la loi Emplois-Jeunes

International audienceDans la recherche que nous présentons, notre projet est de mettre sous examen la masse volumineuse et variée des discours prononcés ou écrits qui scandent la mise en forme de d'une loi, ici la loi "Emplois-Jeunes". Notre hypothèse est que la décision prise au centre institue le cadre légal, la norme à suivre, sans associer la périphérie à cette construction. Les divers écrits intermédiaires, émanant autant des politiques locaux que des partenaires sociaux, ne seraient donc pas des éléments constitutifs de la loi, mais des " attracteurs " pour fonder l'acceptation sociale de la règle, l'ancrage de la rationalité institutionnelle dans les actions à venir. Partant, le débat sur la création et la mise en place d'un texte législatif, les multiples actions et réactions des acteurs sociaux ne seraient pas à interpréter comme une contribution partagée à la formation de la loi, mais plutôt comme le vecteur de son appropriation sociale. Pour confronter notre hypothèse aux données empiriques, nous avons constitué une base de données qui regroupe 413 traces discursives définissant, au sens propre, le contexte de la loi Emplois-Jeunes entre le 2 juillet 1997 et le 17 avril 1998 : articles, textes réglementaires, rapports de commissions, tracts, interviews, courriers, télécopies, etc.

Performance Analysis of Optimization Methods in PSE Applications. Mathematical Programming Versus Grid-based Multi-parametric Genetic Algorithms

Due to their large variety of applications in the PSE area, complex optimisation problems are of high interest for the scientific community. As a consequence, a great effort is made for developing efficient solution techniques. The choice of the relevant technique for the treatment of a given problem has already been studied for batch plant design issues. However,most works reported in the dedicated literature classically considered item sizes as continuous variables. In a view of realism, a similar approach is proposed in this paper, with discrete variables representing equipment capacities. The numerical results enable to evaluate the performances of two mathematical programming (MP) solvers embedded within the GAMS package and a genetic algorithm (GA), on a set of seven increasing complexity examples. The necessarily huge number of runs for the GA could be performed within a computational framework basedon a grid infrastructure; however, since the MP methods were tackled through single-computer computations, the CPU time comparison are reported for this one-PC working mode. On the one hand, the high combinatorial effect induced by the new discrete variables heavily penalizes the GAMS modules, DICOPTþþand SBB. On the other hand, the Genetic Algorithm proves its superiority, providing quality solutions within acceptable computational times, whatever the considered example

Broadcast spawning in Porites lutea at Reunion Island (Western Indian Ocean)

This study report in situ observations of broadcast spawning of P. lutea on a shallow reef flat of Reunion Island

Validation of a forage production index (FPI) derived from MODIS fcover time-series using high-resolution satellite imagery: methodology, results and opportunities

An index-based insurance solution was developed to estimate and monitor near real-time forage production using the indicator Forage Production Index (FPI) as a surrogate of the grassland production. The FPI corresponds to the integral of the fraction of green vegetation cover derived from moderate spatial resolution time series images and was calculated at the 6 km x 6 km scale. An upscaled approach based on direct validation was used that compared FPI with field-collected biomass data and high spatial resolution (HR) time series images. The experimental site was located in the Lot and Aveyron departments of southwestern France. Data collected included biomass ground measurements from grassland plots at 28 farms for the years 2012, 2013 and 2014 and HR images covering the Lot department in 2013 (n = 26) and 2014 (n = 22). Direct comparison with ground-measured yield led to good accuracy (R-2 = 0.71 and RMSE = 14.5%). With indirect comparison, the relationship was still strong (R-2 ranging from 0.78 to 0.93) and informative. These results highlight the effect of disaggregation, the grassland sampling rate, and irregularity of image acquisition in the HR time series. In advance of Sentinel-2, this study provides valuable information on the strengths and weaknesses of a potential index-based insurance product from HR time series images

Dynamic Bayesian decision network to represent growers' adaptive pre-harvest burning decisions in a sugarcane supply chain

Sugarcane growers usually burn their cane to facilitate its harvesting and transportation. Cane quality tends to deteriorate after burning, so it must be delivered as soon as possible to the mill for processing. This situation is dynamic and many factors, including weather conditions, delivery quotas and previous decisions taken, affect when and how much cane to burn. A dynamic Bayesian decision network (DBDN) was developed, using an iterative knowledge engineering approach, to represent sugarcane growers' adaptive pre-harvest burning decisions. It was evaluated against five different scenarios which were crafted to represent the range of issues the grower faces when making these decisions. The DBDN was able to adapt reactively to delays in deliveries, although the model did not have enough states representing delayed delivery statuses. The model adapted proactively to rain forecasts, but only adapted reactively to high wind forecasts. The DBDN is a promising way of modelling such dynamic, adaptive operational decisions

Strengthening Compute and Data intensive Capacities of Armenia

International audienceTraditionally, Armenia has had a leading position within the computer science and Information Technology sectors in the South Caucasus region and beyond. Information Technology (IT) is also one of the fastest growing industries of the Armenian economy [1]. In 2000, the Government of Armenia recognized the IT sector as the primary constituent of the country's economic progress. Armenia is, more than ever, in need of cutting-edge and relevant e-infrastructures and e-services to tackle today's societal and scientific challenges. The Institute for Informatics and Automation Problems (IIAP) of the National Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Armenia (NAS RA) [2] is the only state supported structure for software, hardware, and brainware technologies in Armenia. The institute is responsible for Armenia's National research and education network (Academic Scientific Research Computer Network of Armenia, ASNET-AM) [3] and the National Grid Initiative (ArmNGI) [4], and provides computational and networking facilities and advanced services to users. The main objective of this article is to highlight key activities that will spur Armenia to strengthen its scientific computing capacity thanks to the analysis made of the current trends of e-Infrastructures in Europe and the USA

Comparative analysis of fatty acids, tocopherols and phytosterols content in sunflower cultivars (Helianthus annuus) from a three-year multi-local study

Sunflower oil is naturally rich in both unsaturated fatty acids and numerous minor components, with high levels of &-tocopherol and phytosterols that could play an important role in plant protection. These micronutriments, tocopherols and phytosterols, also exhibit health benefits for humans including reducing both cardiovascular diseases and aging disorders. &−Tocopherol represents more than 95% of total sunflower tocopherol and has the greatest vitaminic activity. Furthermore, this oil contains high amounts of β-sitosterol which is a promising health beneficial phytosterol. The objective of this study was to compare the content and composition of fatty acids, tocopherols and phytosterols in sunflower oil between different cultivars and locations in a three-year experiment, and to estimate the relationships between these minor components, fatty acids and climatic conditions. Results revealed that content and composition of these molecules are mainly determined by plant genotype. Nevertheless, the environmental conditions seemed to strongly influence the tocopherol content. The results suggest possible improvement in sunflower breeding for minor components

Build-To-Specification Vanillin and Phloroglucinol Derived Biobased Epoxy-Amine Vitrimers

Epoxy resins are widely used in the composite industry due to their dimensional stability, chemical resistance, and thermo-mechanical properties. However, these thermoset resins have important drawbacks. (i) The vast majority of epoxy matrices are based on non-renewable fossil-derived materials, and (ii) the highly cross-linked molecular architecture hinders their reprocessing, repairing, and recycling. In this paper, those two aspects are addressed by combining novel biobased epoxy monomers derived from renewable resources and dynamic crosslinks. Vanillin (lignin) and phloroglucinol (sugar bioconversion) precursors have been used to develop bi- and tri-functional epoxy monomers, diglycidyl ether of vanillyl alcohol (DGEVA) and phloroglucinol triepoxy (PHTE) respectively. Additionally, reversible covalent bonds have been incorporated in the network by using an aromatic disulfide-based diamine hardener. Four epoxy matrices with di erent ratios of epoxy monomers (DGEVA/PHTE wt%: 100/0, 60/40, 40/60, and 0/100) were developed and fully characterized in terms of thermal and mechanical properties. We demonstrate that their performances are comparable to those of commonly used fossil fuel-based epoxy thermosets with additional advanced reprocessing functionalities.This project has received funding from the Bio Based Industries Joint Undertaking under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under grant agreement No 74431

On the Easy Use of Scientific Computing Services for Large Scale Linear Algebra and Parallel Decision Making with the P-Grade Portal

International audienceScientific research is becoming increasingly dependent on the large-scale analysis of data using distributed computing infrastructures (Grid, cloud, GPU, etc.). Scientific computing (Petitet et al. 1999) aims at constructing mathematical models and numerical solution techniques for solving problems arising in science and engineering. In this paper, we describe the services of an integrated portal based on the P-Grade (Parallel Grid Run-time and Application Development Environment) portal (http://www.p-grade.hu) that enables the solution of large-scale linear systems of equations using direct solvers, makes easier the use of parallel block iterative algorithm and provides an interface for parallel decision making algorithms. The ultimate goal is to develop a single sign on integrated multi-service environment providing an easy access to different kind of mathematical calculations and algorithms to be performed on hybrid distributed computing infrastructures combining the benefits of large clusters, Grid or cloud, when needed