Differentially expressed miRNAs in the LW of CBA mice during aging.

<p>The X-axis relates Log2 transformed fold change in miRNA expression at 9 m (in blue) and 16 m (in red) compared to P21. Only those miRNAs whose levels were statistically different (p<0.05) from P21 were included.</p

miRNA expression detected by q-PCR and <i>in situ</i> hybridization.

<p>A: Comparison of changes in miRNA expression detected by q-PCR versus microarray analyses for four miRNAs in the SV of C57 and CBA mice. Asterisks indicate statistically significant differences (p<0.05) compared to P21. Each q-PCR plot represents means from three repeats. B: Expression of four miRNAs in the LW of C57 mice using <i>in situ</i> hybridization technique. SV: Stria vascularis. SL: Spiral ligament. 1, 2, and 3 mark the three cell types in the SV (marginal, intermediate, and basal cells), respectively. Bar: 20 µm.</p

miRNAs that are commonly expressed in the LW of C57 and CBA mice during aging.

<p>Only those miRNAs that showed dynamic changes in the same direction (upregulated or downregulated) in both strains are included.</p

Network analysis of the relationship between differentially expressed miRNAs and mRNAs in the LW.

<p>A: Upregulated apoptosis-related genes predicted to be targeted by downregulated miRNAs. B: Downregulated apoptosis-related genes predicted to be targeted by upregulated miRNAs. Small circles represent downregulated miRNAs or mRNAs while large circles represent upregulated miRNAs or mRNAs. Purple and orange circles denote differentially expressed miRNAs in C57 and CBA mice, respectively. Red and blue circles represent pro-apoptotic and anti-apoptotic genes, respectively.</p

Cross sections of the LW at three different times points during age.

<p>Sections were obtained from cochlear middle turns at P21, 9 m, and 16 m. A. Cross sections stained with Hematoxylin and Eosin. Scale bars: 20 µm. B. Cross sections without any staining. Hyperpigmentation and reduction in the number of capillaries are apparent in the SV at 16 m.</p

EP waveforms and magnitude change during aging.

<p>A. Representative waveforms of EP at three different ages. B. Mean and SD of EP magnitude at different time points during aging. Arrows indicate electrode penetrated into and withdrawn from the scala media.</p

Differentially expressed miRNAs in the SV of C57 mice during aging.

<p>The X-axis relates Log2 transformed fold change in miRNA expression at 9 m (in blue) and 16 m (in red) compared to P21. Only those miRNAs which showed a statistically significant different in expression (p<0.05) compared to P21 are shown.</p

Voltage-dependent NLC of prestin and its orthologs.

<p>(<i>A</i>) Means of NLC responses measured from gPres (n = 11), pPres (n = 9), cPres (n = 12), lPres (n = 10) and fPres (n = 8). The mean capacitance-voltage responses were fitted with Boltzmann function. (<i>B</i>) Four parameters obtained from curving fitting using Boltzmann function.</p

Transport activity measured using radioisotope technique with [¹⁴C] formate as the substrate.

<p>Human pendrin was used as a positive control and EGFP plasmid was used as a negative control. Inhibition of formate uptakes by DIDS was also presented. All the data were acquired from 3 wells in each plate and repeated 3 times.</p

Amino acid sequence comparisons of the three structural features of the gerbil, lizard and frog prestins.

<p>Id = identities; Pos = Positives.</p