Ohio\u27s Similar Acts Statute : Its Uses and Abuses

Notwithstanding the lack of uniform analysis of the Act, this article should isolate the main areas of confusion and hopefully provide some food for thought which may in itself help to resolve the ambiguities of the statute. Moreover, the discussion offered herein may prompt the recently established Ohio Evidence Rules Committee to devote some time to the formulation of a clearer evidentiary statement on prosecutorial use of other acts testimony in criminal cases

Multi-Scale Evolution of Virulence of HIV-1

HIV-1 is a rapidly replicating retrovirus that faces two distinct fitness landscapes: within-host HIV-1 faces viral competition for host cells and for escape from the immune system, and between hosts HIV-1 faces a transmission bottleneck in which the majority of new infections are started by a single virus strain. Possibly as a result of these conflicting selective pressures, the rate of evolution of HIV-1 tends to be greater within-host than between hosts. A current hypothesis for this difference in evolutionary rates is that the HIV-1 latent reservoir acts to archive virus for later transmission. We offer a related but complimentary hypothesis: while some of the viruses’ life history traits are under selective pressure within-host, traits that are responsible for the efficiency of transmission to a new host are not under direct selection within-host and thus are subject to drift. Combined with the necessity of transmission through an extremely severe, competitive bottleneck, this results in the preferential transmission of founder-like viral lineages. As further evidence of the conflict between transmission fitness and within-host fitness, experimental evidence demonstrates that subtypes A and D are 100-fold more fit than subtype C in in vitro fitness competitions, yet subtype C dominates the global spread of new infections. It is unclear whether this discrepancy is caused by differences in within- and between-host fitness, or primarily reflects differences in in vitro versus in vivo fitness measures. To address this question, data from a four-year, 8000 participant study in Uganda and Zimbabwe were analysed for evidence of in vivo fitness differences between subtypes A, C and D. Analyzing this dataset along with simulated participant data, we conclude that either more frequent data sampling, or an even larger study, would be necessary to capture the early within-host dynamics sufficiently for a comparison across subtypes. Similar to subtypes A and D, subtype B is estimated to have an eight- to ten-fold in vitro fitness advantage over subtype C. Since frequent data collection over the early course of infection is necessary to quantify in vivo viral fitness, another approach to this question is to use data collected for simian/human immunodeficiency virus (SHIV). We develop a non-linear mixed-effects model for a meta-analysis of 143 non-human primates from over 20 sources to study in vivo fitness differences between SHIV subtypes B and C. Results suggest that subtype C has a lower replicative fitness but higher burst size than subtype B

The Ursinus Weekly, February 21, 1955

Dean\u27s list includes 76 Ursinus students • Alumni of Philadelphia region schedule dance for Mar. 12 • Dr. Harry Subin to address Brownback-Anders Society • Deltas frat to aid Campus Chest drive with $100 • Y discusses possibility of aluminum furniture for rec • Canterbury Club discussed symbolism of the church • French Club meeting features French music, illustrated talk • FTA holds first meeting • Art for art\u27s sake • Campus Chest drive plans announced • E. Staudt to speak on annual Color Day • Pris Shinehouse May queen, Mary Gillespie elected manager • Sig Rho presents a$1,000 scholarship to Ursinus College • Organ recital by Karl Schmidt Feb. 27 • UC debaters drop two to Swarthmore; 3-13 record • Representative at Harrisburg, Evelyn Henzel, IRC speaker • Pre-legal group presents Don Kepner, speaker, Wed. • Chess Club drops first; Scheirer, Vasco post wins • Letter to the editor • Patti Dandrea chosen to represent Chesterfields • Scheirer new president of Meistersingers • Why fraternities hold rushing parties • Lightweight brigade sparks 26-7 win: Bucknell 4th victim; Dawkins, Paolone, Padula unconquered • Curtis I, II retain intramural loop leads • Badminton gals unbeaten; Belles split two games • UC cagers drop 7th straight; Bow to Delaware, Haverfordhttps://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/weekly/1466/thumbnail.jp

Non-canonical functions of the RB protein in cancer

The canonical model of RB-mediated tumour suppression developed over the past 30 years is based on the regulation of E2F transcription factors to restrict cell cycle progression. Several additional functions have been proposed for RB, on the basis of which a non-canonical RB pathway can be described. Mechanistically, the non-canonical RB pathway promotes histone modification and regulates chromosome structure in a manner distinct from cell cycle regulation. These functions have implications for chemotherapy response and resistance to targeted anticancer agents. This Opinion offers a framework to guide future studies of RB in basic and clinical research

The Ursinus Weekly, November 15, 1954

Honor systems investigated • FTA hears talk on business and youth • Important selective service regulations • Lantern staff adds member; First issue due in December • Big sisters hold party • January 16th case to begin; Murder, suicide cause of death? • Dr. Oblad addresses Beardwood Society • Rec center, Library MSGA problems; Constitution revision to be voted on • Forum enjoys talk; Trinidad is topic • Chi Alpha plans Christmas Candlelight Communion • French music treat tonight • Handel\u27s Messiah to be presented December 2 • Observation on honor system plans • Freshmen men elect Redden, Blood to MSGA positions • Bears snag 4th; Topple Kingsmen 19-0: UC explodes in 2nd half; Walker starts TD parade • Heller hurt; E. Stroudsburg fights to tie • LaSalle to play Bears? Rumors of court tilt • Booters shut out Lehigh 1-0, face Drexel, F-M nexthttps://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/weekly/1460/thumbnail.jp

A bilingual advantage in controlling language interference during sentence comprehension

This study compared the comprehension of syntactically simple with more complex sentences in Italian–English adult bilinguals and monolingual controls in the presence or absence of sentence-level interference. The task was to identify the agent of the sentence and we primarily examined the accuracy of response. The target sentence was signalled by the gender of the speaker, either a male or a female, and this varied over trials, where the target was spoken in a male voice the distractor was spoken in a female voice and vice versa. In contrast to other work showing a bilingual disadvantage in sentence comprehension under conditions of noise, we show that in this task, where voice permits selection of the target, adult bilingual speakers are in fact better able than their monolingual Italian peers to resist sentence-level interference when comprehension demands are high. Within bilingual speakers we also found that degree of proficiency in English correlated with the ability to resist interference for complex sentences both when the target and distractor were in Italian and when the target was in English and the distractor in Italian

Early Contrast Enhancement: a novel Magnetic Resonance Imaging biomarker of pleural malignancy

Introduction: Pleural Malignancy (PM) is often occult on subjective radiological assessment. We sought to define a novel, semi-objective Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) biomarker of PM, targeted to increased tumour microvessel density (MVD) and applicable to minimal pleural thickening. Materials and methods: 60 consecutive patients with suspected PM underwent contrast-enhanced 3-T MRI then pleural biopsy. In 58/60, parietal pleura signal intensity (SI) was measured in multiple regions of interest (ROI) at multiple time-points, generating ROI SI/time curves and Mean SI gradient (MSIG: SI increment/time). The diagnostic performance of Early Contrast Enhancement (ECE; which was defined as a SI peak in at least one ROI at or before 4.5 min) was compared with subjective MRI and Computed Tomography (CT) morphology results. MSIG was correlated against tumour MVD (based on Factor VIII immunostain) in 31 patients with Mesothelioma. Results: 71% (41/58) patients had PM. Pleural thickening was <10 mm in 49/58 (84%). ECE sensitivity was 83% (95% CI 61–94%), specificity 83% (95% CI 68–91%), positive predictive value 68% (95% CI 47–84%), negative predictive value 92% (78–97%). ECE performance was similar or superior to subjective CT and MRI. MSIG correlated with MVD (r = 0.4258, p = .02). Discussion: ECE is a semi-objective, perfusion-based biomarker of PM, measurable in minimal pleural thickening. Further studies are warranted

The Ursinus Weekly, January 17, 1955

Y plans orientation for incoming frosh • Campus Chest drive to start next semester; How chairman • Frosh set dance date for Feb. 18; Headline wrong! • 24 fellowships offered in research • Shake, rattle and roll attended by 500 persons • Lantern expands circulation by 3%; Drive for Spring contributions underway • Lorelei date moved; King to be chosen • Dr. Charles Spotts speaks at vespers on faith, sex, love • MSGA sets parking rules, special areas; Starts Feb. 7 • May Day here soon; Dust off pageants • Pre-med \u2755 program adds new features • Social news • Business meeting follows FTA Freedom to learn • Editorials: Final challenge; More inclusive Dean\u27s list; Kitchen capers • Cagers overpowered by Fords, Dragons, Blue Hens • Grizzlies down Fords in 26-7 mat rout: Dawkins wins 57th by pin; Padula, Knauf gain falls; Paolone tops co-captains • Third team wins opener by 56-27 • Is cramming necessary?https://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/weekly/1464/thumbnail.jp

The Ursinus Weekly, November 1, 1954

MSGA buys record player • Pre-medical society tours medical college • Mayberry completes course • Deltas present Greditzia Moraine to college • Stardust top song • The Monkey\u27s Paw Group I production • U.S. Naval Reserve to visit Ursinus on November 17 • Naval aviation cadet program here, Nov. 15 • Dr. Lionel Mapp to speak on Trinidad: Medical and ethnic • Rabbi Schorsch speaks on religion • Wood sweeps Ursinus election by 64% • High school groups see campus, slides • Unique features in Night of Jan. 16th • Earle elected president of U.C. Canterbury Club • Beardwood meeting tonight; Dr. A.G. Oblad to speak • Sororities change rushing schedule because of holiday • Rushee cooling off period • Does college life promote maturity? • Junior class to sponsor Harvest moon ball dance • Editorial: Sanctuary of silence? • Bears maul shaky Wagner eleven 34-7: Famous counters 2 Td\u27s; Walker sparks UC assault • UC whitewashed 1-0 at Swarthmorehttps://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/weekly/1458/thumbnail.jp