MORPHOLOGICAL CHANGES IN LUNGS, HEART AND LIVER CAUSED BY EXPERIMENTAL ASSOCIATED CHEST AND THIGHS TRAUMA

Background. According to preliminary results obtained, the development of hypoxemia caused by chest trauma affected lipid peroxidation stimulation leading to disruption of cell membranes structure and consequently cell death closing the ‘vicious’ circle, which in our opinion and according to the literature cause multiple organ failure.Objective. The aim of our study was to determine the features of morphological changes in cases of heart, lungs, liver injury after associated chest and both thighs trauma in rats.Methods. For histological examination the pieces of left ventricle tissues of heart, lungs and liver were used, which were fixed in 10% neutral formalin solution, dehydrated and embedded in paraffin blocks.Results. It was established that associated trauma of chest and both thighs in 1 day after the injury is accompanied by disturbances of hemodynamics in parenchymal organs due to venous congestion that occurs during the development of cardiovascular disease caused by traumatic shock. In the most severe period of maximum likelihood of complications, within 3 days, respiratory hypoxia, cardiovascular disorders, metabolic acidosis, and induced programmed cell death may develop.Conclusions. On the background of increasing pulmonary oedema (thickening of inter air sac membranes) caused by associated trauma of chest and both thighs in rats after only one day of the experiment hemodynamic changes in heart (low-blood supply of vessels in epicardium and isolated blood vessels of venous type) and liver (mainly plethora of blood vessels) were observed, which lead to morphological changes of myocardium within 3 days

МОРФОФУНКЦІОНАЛЬНІ ЗМІНИ В ЛЕГЕНЯХ ТА ПЕЧІНЦІ У РАННІЙ ПЕРІОД ПІСЛЯ ТРАВМАТИЧНОГО УРАЖЕННЯ М’ЯЗІВ В ЕКСПЕРИМЕНТІ

An urgent issue today is traumatism, which remains an urgent problem in modern medicine, as there are high levels of disability and mortality among trauma victims. The aim – to study peculiarities of morphological changes in lungs and liver in traumatic muscle injury in experimental study. Material and Methods. The dynamics of morphological changes were investigated in an experimental model of traumatic muscle injury in 60 adult nonlinear rats, which were divided into two groups: intact and experimental. Morphological changes in lung and liver tissues were investigated in the early post-traumatic period for the first and seventh days. Results and Discussion. Histological examination of liver and lung tissues on the first day of the post-traumatic period revealed structural changes that were manifested by marked circulatory disorders and with subsequent development of dystrophic-necrotic changes, which reached a maximum by the seventh day of the experiment. Conclusions. In traumatic muscle lesions in experimental animals, structural changes in the liver and lungs begin to develop from the first day of the experiment throughout the study period and are manifested by marked circulatory disorders and the development of dystrophic-necrotic changes, especially in epithelial maxima, reaching maximal structures.Актуальным на сегодня вопросом является травматизм, который остается актуальной проблемой современной медицины, поскольку среди пострадавших с травмами отмечаются высокие уровни инвалидности и смертности. Цель – изучить особенности морфологических изменений в легких и печени при травматическом поражении мышц в экспериментальном исследовании. Материал и методы. Динамику морфологических изменений исследовали на экспериментальной модели травматического повреждения мышц у 60 взрослых нелинейных крыс, которые были поделены на две группы: интактную и исследовательскую. Исследовали морфологические изменения в тканях легких и печени в ранний посттравматический период на первые и седьмые сутки. Результаты. При гистологическом исследовании тканей печени и легких в первые сутки посттравматического периода выявлены структурные изменения, которые проявлялись выраженными расстройствами кровообращения и последующим развитием дистрофически-некротических изменений, которые достигали максимума на седьмые сутки эксперимента. Выводы. При травматическом поражении мышц у экспериментальных животных структурные изменения в печени и легких начинают развиваться уже с первых суток эксперимента на протяжении всего периода исследований и проявляются выраженными расстройствами кровообращения и развитием дистрофически-некротических изменений, особенно в эпителиальных структурах, достигая максимума на седьмые сутки.Актуальним питанням сьогодення є травматизм, який залишається актуальною проблемою сучасної медицини, оскільки серед постраждалих із травмами відзначаються високі рівні інвалідності та смертності. Мета – вивчити особливості морфологічних змін у легенях та печінці при травматичному ураженні м’язів в експериментальному дослідженні. Матеріал і методи. Динаміку морфологічних змін досліджували на експериментальній моделі травматичного ушкодження м’язів у 60 дорослих нелінійних щурів, які були поділені на дві групи: інтактну та дослідну. Досліджували морфологічні зміни в тканинах легень та печінки в ранній посттравматичний період на першу та сьому доби. Результати. При гістологічному дослідженні тканин печінки та легень на першу добу посттравматичного періоду виявлено структурні зміни, які проявлялися вираженими розладами кровообігу з наступним розвитком дистрофічно-некротичних змін, які досягали максимуму на сьому добу експерименту. Висновки. При травматичному ураженні м’язів у експериментальних тварин структурні зміни в печінці та легенях починають розвиватись уже з першої доби експерименту, тривають упродовж усього періоду досліджень і проявляються вираженими розладами кровообігу та розвитком дистрофічно-некротичних змін, особливо в епітеліальних структурах, досягаючи максимуму на сьому добу

Experimental study of direct photon emission in K- --> pi- pi0 gamma decay using ISTRA+ detector

The branching ratio in the charged-pion kinetic energy region of 55 to 90 MeV for the direct photon emission in the K- --> pi- pi0 gamma decay has been measured using in-flight decays detected with the ISTRA+ setup operating in the 25 GeV/c negative secondary beam of the U-70 PS. The value Br(DE)=[0.37+-0.39(stat)+-0.10(syst)]*10^(-5) obtained from the analysis of 930 completely reconstructed events is consistent with the average value of two stopped-kaon experiments, but it differs by 2.5 standard deviations from the average value of three in-flight-kaon experiments. The result is also compared with recent theoretical predictions.Comment: 13 pages, 8 figure

Dynamic of indices of lipid peroxidation and antioxidant protection in muscular tissue and blood serum of rats with acute ischemia-reperfusion

Acute limb ischemia occurs as a result of sudden decrease in its perfusion, which usually occurs during the obturation of the lumen of large arteries due to acute thrombosis or embolism either impaired of vascular patency caused by trauma or compression (including the application of hemostatic tourniquets). In the case of restoration of blood supply to previously ischemic tissues, there is an ischemic-reperfusion syndrome, in which one of the main pathogenetic links of tissue alteration is the activation of lipid peroxidation. The content of diene conjugates, triene conjugates, TBA-active products, superoxide dismutase and catalase in homogenate of the muscle tissue and blood serum of 30 white rats under condition of experimental acute ischemia was determined. Acute ischemia was caused by the application of SWAT (Stretch-Wrap-And-Tuck) rubber bundles on the hind limbs of the animals for 2 hours. It was experimentally found that the maximum increase in the content of diene and triene conjugates in the injured muscle tissue of the animals occurred in the early post-ischemic period on the 2nd hour of reperfusion with a decreaseing on the 1st and 7th day and the subsequent return of indicators in the late postischemic period on the 14th day to the level of control group. The increasing of TBA-active products in the muscle tissue occurred in the first three groups of the rats and peaked in the third group (reperfusion for the 1st day), after which their level decreased in the animals during the late reperfusion period, reaching in the last group on the 14th day of reperfusion indices, close to the values of the control group. The dynamics of activity of superoxide dismutase and catalase in the muscle homogenate were to a large extent similar (as indicated by the strong positive correlation (+0,99) between them), gradually increasing and reaching the maximum on 7th day of the ischemia-reperfusion symdrome. As a result of the experiment, a decreasing in the antioxidant-prooxidant index in all experimental groups of the rats was also observed in the muscle homogenate, which was the most pronounced on the 1st day of ischemia-reperfusion. The comparative analysis of the similar parameters of lipid peroxidation and antioxidant protection in the muscle homogenate and blood serum showed a direct correlation in all the studied pairs. The strong and moderate positive correlation between analogous indices of LPO and AOP in muscle homogenate and blood serum in all five studied pairs indicates similar changes of these indicators at the local and systemic levels

Theory of traveling filaments in bistable semiconductor structures

We present a generic nonlinear model for current filamentation in semiconductor structures with S-shaped current-voltage characteristics. The model accounts for Joule self-heating of a current density filament. It is shown that the self-heating leads to a bifurcation from static to traveling filament. Filaments start to travel when increase of the lattice temperature has negative impact on the cathode-anode transport. Since the impact ionization rate decreases with temperature, this occurs for a wide class of semiconductor systems whose bistability is due to the avalanche impact ionization. We develop an analytical theory of traveling filaments which reveals the mechanism of filament motion, find the condition for bifurcation to traveling filament, and determine the filament velocity.Comment: 13 pages, 5 figure

Magnetostimulated Chandges of Microhardness in Potassium Acid Phthalate Crystals

A decrease in microhardness along the (010) cleavage in potassium acid phthalate single crystals by 15--18% after the application of a permanent magnetic field was revealed for the first time. It is shown that the effect revealed is of the volume character. The role of interlayer water in the processes stimulated by a magnetic field is studied., Interlayer water plays does not cause the observed changes it only plays the part of an indicator of these changes in potassium acid phthalate crystals in a magnetic field. It is established that microhardness in the (100) plane of the crystal in an applied a magnetic field first increases by 12--15% and then remains constant in time within the accuracy of the experiment. The possibility of varying the crystal structure of potassium acid phthalate crystals by applying magnetic fields inducing rearrangement in the system of hydrogen bonds or in the defect structure is discussed.Comment: 6 pages, 7 figure

Observation of the radiative kaon decay K- --> mu-pi0gammanu

Using data collected with the ISTRA+ spectrometer during the 2001 run of the U-70 proton synchrotron in Protvino, we report the first observation of the radiative kaon decay K- -->mu-pi0gammanu. We find Br(Kmu3g)/Br(Kmu3) for two regions 5<Eg<30 and 30<Eg<60 MeV consistent with theoretical predictions. The measured angular distribution asymmetry for the first region, 0.093+/-0.141, is two standard deviations away from the theoretical prediction of 0.354. The measured asymmetry in the T-odd variable is -0.03+/-0.13.Comment: 15 pages, 8 figurs, submitted to Yadernaya Fizik

Prospects for Diffractive and Forward Physics at the LHC

The CMS and TOTEM experiments intend to carry out a joint diffractive/forward physics program with an unprecedented rapidity coverage. The present document outlines some aspects of such a physics program, which spans from the investigation of the low-x structure of the proton to the diffractive production of a SM or MSSM Higgs boson