Summary of pathogens observed in ticks submitted by citizen scientists across the US [positives/sample size, (percentage prevalence, 95% CI)].

<p>Summary of pathogens observed in ticks submitted by citizen scientists across the US [positives/sample size, (percentage prevalence, 95% CI)].</p

Summary statistics of entomologic risk for <i>Ixodes pacificus</i> infected with <i>Borrelia</i> spp. in recreational areas of the San Francisco Bay Area.

<p>¹Betsy Crowder Trail is comprised of coast live oak woodland.</p><p>²Anniversary Trail is comprised of coastal scrub and moderate grassland.</p><p>³Meadow Trail is comprised of coast live oak woodland and Douglas fir forest.</p><p>Data are presented on density of nymphal (DON) <i>I</i>. <i>pacificus</i> (i.e., number of nymphs/100m² (calculated by (number of ticks collected/meters covered by transects) x100); density of infected nymphs (DIN) for <i>Borrelia</i> spp. (calculated by <i>Borrelia</i> prevalence x DON); and for <i>B</i>. <i>miyamotoi</i>, <i>B</i>. <i>burgdorferi</i> ss, and for <i>B</i>. <i>burgdorferi</i> sl.</p

County level distribution of <i>Amblyomma</i> spp.

<p>(A), <i>Dermacentor variabilis</i> (B), <i>D</i>. <i>andersoni</i> and <i>D</i>. <i>occidentalis</i> (C), and <i>Rhipicephalus sanguineus</i> (D) identified following submission from citizen scientists.</p

Primer and probe sets used for the detection of tick-borne pathogens in ticks collected from throughout the US.

<p>Primer and probe sets used for the detection of tick-borne pathogens in ticks collected from throughout the US.</p

Prevalence of <i>A</i>. <i>phagotcytophilum</i>, <i>Bab</i>. <i>microti</i>, <i>B</i>. <i>burgdorferi</i>, and <i>B</i>. <i>miyamotoi</i> for <i>Ixodes scapularis</i> and <i>I</i>. <i>pacificus</i> ticks by state.

<p>Prevalence of <i>A</i>. <i>phagotcytophilum</i>, <i>Bab</i>. <i>microti</i>, <i>B</i>. <i>burgdorferi</i>, and <i>B</i>. <i>miyamotoi</i> for <i>Ixodes scapularis</i> and <i>I</i>. <i>pacificus</i> ticks by state.</p

Study area showing independent variables: soil type (top left), elevation (top right), vegetation type (bottom left) and distance to roads (bottom right).

<p>Purple dots represent tick- drag transects in Santa Clara and San Mateo counties.</p

Using citizen science to describe the prevalence and distribution of tick bite and exposure to tick-borne diseases in the United States - Fig 1

<p>Submissions to the free tick testing program from across the US (A), starting in January 2017 ending in August of 2017 (B).</p

Recreational areas in the San Francisco Bay area (left) sampled for western black-legged ticks, with a close-up (right) of recreational areas sampled in San Mateo and Santa Clara Counties.

<p>Recreational areas in the San Francisco Bay area (left) sampled for western black-legged ticks, with a close-up (right) of recreational areas sampled in San Mateo and Santa Clara Counties.</p

Prevalence data for <i>Borrelia</i> in <i>I</i>. <i>pacificus</i> ticks from previous studies in California.

<p>¹Number positive/number tested (percentage positive, 95% CI).</p><p>Prevalence data for <i>Borrelia</i> in <i>I</i>. <i>pacificus</i> ticks from previous studies in California.</p

The county level distribution of <i>I</i>. <i>pacificus</i> and <i>I</i>. <i>scapularis</i> based on location data collected by citizen scientists.

<p>Counties outlined in red did not have previous records according to [<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0199644#pone.0199644.ref012" target="_blank">12</a>], no records include travel history of the submitter.</p