Diazinon Affects the Cytoarchitecture of Seminiferous Epithelium in Rat Testis

Abstract Chemical pollution and reproductive toxicity has a close association leading into a possible infertility. Testicular toxicity induced by chemicals is easy to evaluate since it has a pool of differentiating cells of different stages in the seminiferous epithelium. Most of the pesticide related preclinical studies have heavily dependent upon investigations on sperm density, abnormal sperm percent, reproductive hormone levels etc. Most of the toxins, in addition may affect the seminiferous tubular architecture, harmony as well as supporting cells such as Sertoli cells. Diazinon and its adverse sperm toxic effects are documented earlier but its effects on seminiferous tubules are less recorded. The present study was designed to evaluate the effect of oral administration of diazinon (6mg, 7.5mg and 10mg/kg body weight/day for 5 and 30days) on acetylcholine esterase activity, histological aspects of testes and seminiferous tubular morphometry (STD & SEH). Acetylcholine esterase activity was significantly decreased as a sign of toxicity, the dose tested. The STD and SEH were significantly decreased in all the 30days diazinon exposed groups. Histologically testes showed vacuoles, disruption and sloughing of basal germinal epithelium. This study confirms that diazinon disrupts cytoarchitectural components which may interfere with spermatogenesis

Technology integration box beam failure study

Composite structures have the potential to be cost-effective, structurally efficient primary aircraft structures. The Advanced Composites Technology (ACT) Program has the goal to develop the technology to exploit this potential for heavily loaded aircraft structures. As part of the ACT Program, Lockheed Aeronautical Systems Company completed the design and fabrication of the Technology Integration Box Beam (TIBB). The TIBB is an advanced composite prototype structure for the center wing section of the C-130 aircraft. Lockheed subjected the TIBB to downbending, upbending, torsion and combined upbending and torsion load conditions to verify the design. The TIBB failed at 83 percent of design ultimate load for the combined upbending and torsion load condition. The objective of this paper is to describe the mechanisms that led to the failure of the TIBB. The results of a comprehensive analytical and experimental study are presented. Analytical results include strain and deflection results from both a global analysis of the TIBB and a local analysis of the failure region. These analytical results are validated by experimental results from the TIBB tests. The analytical and experimental results from the TIBB tests are used to determine a sequence of events that resulted in failure of the TIBB. A potential cause of failure is high stresses in a stiffener runout region. Analytical and experimental results are also presented for a stiffener runout specimen that was used to simulate the TIBB failure mechanisms

Mass media attention to welfare state reforms: evidence from Britain, 1996–2014

One of the core questions facing political scientists is how politicians are able to implement cutbacks without suffering electoral backlash. A possible explanation might be that the mass media refrain from reporting on welfare state reforms in a consistent way. In order to explore this, two unique datasets have been collected: one contains information on all policy reforms of British old age pensions and unemployment protection from 1996 to 2014, and the other contains hand-coded media articles that allow the tracking on a monthly basis of what reforms are picked up. It is found that the mass media report on cutbacks, but not on expansions, and that they prioritise easy-to-understand cutbacks over cutbacks that are more technical in nature

Rotator cuff repair: what questions are patients asking online and where are they getting their answers?

Background This study analyzed questions searched by rotator cuff patients and determined types and quality of websites providing information. Methods Three strings related to rotator cuff repair were explored by Google Search. Result pages were collected under the “People also ask” function for frequent questions and associated webpages. Questions were categorized using Rothwell classification and topical subcategorization. Webpages were evaluated by Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) benchmark criteria for source quality. Results One hundred twenty “People also ask” questions were collected with associated webpages. Using the Rothwell classification of questions, queries were organized into fact (41.7%), value (31.7%), and policy (26.7%). The most common webpage categories were academic (28.3%) and medical practice (27.5%). The most common question subcategories were timeline of recovery (21.7%), indications/management (21.7%), and pain (18.3%). Average JAMA score for all 120 webpages was 1.50. Journal articles had the highest average JAMA score (3.77), while commercial websites had the lowest JAMA score (0.91). The most commonly suggested question for rotator cuff repair/surgery was, “Is rotator cuff surgery worth having?,” while the most commonly suggested question for rotator cuff repair pain was, “What happens if a rotator cuff is not repaired?” Conclusions The most commonly asked questions pertaining to rotator cuff repair evaluate management options and relate to timeline of recovery and pain management. Most information is provided by medical practice, academic, and medical information websites, which have highly variable reliability. By understanding questions their patients search online, surgeons can tailor preoperative education to patient concerns and improve postoperative outcomes. Level of evidence IV

Treatment of atypical central neurocytoma in a child with high dose chemotherapy and autologous stem cell rescue

The authors describe a 9 month old female with recurrent atypical central neurocytoma and leptomeningeal spread treated with high dose chemotherapy, autologous stem cell rescue, and adjuvant therapy. She had a complete response to therapy and was disease free at 4 years of age until a recurrence 6 months later. The use of intensive chemotherapy followed by autologous stem cell rescue for atypical neurocytoma may be considered as an adjunct to surgical therapy in young patients with atypical neurocytoma not amenable to radiation therapy

Association and correlation between cardiorespiratory fitness, bmi, musculo-skeletal and handgrip strength among young adult student girl population in Sullia, Karnataka, India

Background: Obesity is at a rising trend among the childhood age group and is a WHO priority on classification of non-communicable diseases. High income group countries once had a statistically higher percent of obesity problems which has been extended both to the developing and low-income countries. Prevalence rate of obesity in India vary between 11.8% to 31.3% and is higher among the women than men. Obesity also affects the physical and cardio-respiratory fitness thereby leading to a group of metabolic, cardiovascular and musculoskeletal disorders. An association between BMI, musculo-skeletal and cardio-respiratory fitness is less reported among the young adult girl population in the context of Indian professional students. Aim & Objectives: To assess few of the musculo-skeletal, cardio-respiratory parameters in relation to BMI among the young adult girl students of medical and dental colleges. Material & Methods: One hundred and seventy-one girl students in the range of 19 to 21 years were randomly selected from the educational institute of Sullia, Dakshina Kannada, Karnataka and were assessed for BMI, muscular strength, handgrip strength, flexibility test, cardio-respiratory test and pulmonary function test by standard methods. Data was analysed. Results: Musculo-skeletal flexibility, strength, cardio-respiratory fitness and pulmonary functions have an inverse association when compared to the BMI and weight of the girl students. Conclusion: Obesity and overweight reduces the flexibility, musculoskeletal and cardio-respiratory fitness in addition to the pulmonary functions among the young adult girl population as confirmed by the battery of tests. © 2021, Ibn Sina Trust. All rights reserved

Internet search analytics for shoulder arthroplasty: what questions are patients asking?

Background Common questions about shoulder arthroplasty (SA) searched online by patients and the quality of this content are unknown. The purpose of this study is to uncover questions SA patients search online and determine types and quality of webpages encountered. Methods The “People also ask” section of Google Search was queried to return 900 questions and associated webpages for general, anatomic, and reverse SA. Questions and webpages were categorized using the Rothwell classification of questions and assessed for quality using the Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) benchmark criteria. Results According to Rothwell classification, the composition of questions was fact (54.0%), value (24.7%), and policy (21.3%). The most common webpage categories were medical practice (24.6%), academic (23.2%), and medical information sites (14.4%). Journal articles represented 8.9% of results. The average JAMA score for all webpages was 1.69. Journals had the highest average JAMA score (3.91), while medical practice sites had the lowest (0.89). The most common question was, “How long does it take to recover from shoulder replacement?” Conclusions The most common questions SA patients ask online involve specific postoperative activities and the timeline of recovery. Most information is from low-quality, non-peer-reviewed websites, highlighting the need for improvement in online resources. By understanding the questions patients are asking online, surgeons can tailor preoperative education to common patient concerns and improve postoperative outcomes. Level of evidence IV