Effects of glucosamine-chondroitin combination on synovial fluid IL-1ß, IL-6, TNF-? and PGE2 levels in internal derangements of temporomandibular joint

PubMedID: 25662545Background: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of glucosamine-chondroitin sulphate combination on internal derangements of temporomandibular joint in clinical and biochemical manners. Material and Methods: This randomized clinical study included 31 cases reporting joint tenderness, in which disc displacement was detected on MR imaging. In all patients, synovial fluid sampling was performed under local anesthesia. In the study group, the patients were prescribed a combination of 1500 mg glucosamine and 1200 mg chondroitin sulphate, while patients in the control group were only prescribed 50 mg tramadol HCl (twice daily) for pain control. After 8 weeks, synovial fluid sampling was repeated in the same manner. The levels of pain, maximum mouth opening (MMO), synovial fluid IL-1ß, IL-6, TNF-? and PGE2 measured before and after pharmacological intervention were compared. Results: The reduction in pain levels was significant in both groups. There was no significant difference between two groups in terms of pain reduction. The improvement in MMO was significant in the study group but it was not in the control group. The MMO improvement was significantly higher in the study group compared to the control group. In the study group, significant decrease was observed in PGE2 level, while the decreases in IL-1ß, IL-6 and TNF-? levels were not significant. In the control group, no significant decrease was observed in any of the inflammatory cytokines after 8 weeks, moreover IL-1ß and IL-6 levels were increased. Alterations of IL-1ß and IL-6 levels were significant in study group while TNF-? and PGE2 levels were not, compared to control group. Conclusions: In conclusion, these results might suggest that glucosamine-chondroitin combination significantly increases the MMO and decreases the synovial fluid IL1ß and IL6 levels in internal derangements of TMJ compared to tramadol. The modifications of synovial fluid TNF-? and PGE2 levels do not reach statistical significance. This combination also provides efficient pain relief in similar level with tramadol, a narcotic analgesic. © 2015, Medicina Oral, Patologia Oral y Cirugia Bucal. All rights reserved

Effects of smoking on periimplant health status and il-1ß, tnf-?, and pge2 levels in periimplant crevicular fluid: A cross-sectional study on well-maintained implant recall patients

PubMedID: 23823734PURPOSE: The aim of this cross-sectional study was to evaluate the effects of smoking on periimplant health status and inflammatory cytokines interleukin-1ß, tumor necrosis factor-?, and prostaglandin E2 levels in periimplant crevicular fluid (PICF) and to determine their correlation with clinical parameters in well-maintained implant recall patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 60 dental implants placed in 60 patients (27 patients were smoker and 33 were nonsmoker) were included in the study. Plaque index, gingival index, probing depth, periimplant bone loss, PICF volume, and biochemical cytokine levels in PICF were determined and analyzed statistically. The correlation between PICF cytokine levels and clinical parameters were also analyzed. RESULTS: All clinical parameters with the exception of plaque scores were significantly higher in the smoker group. Significantly increased levels of cytokines were observed in the smoker group. The correlation between the cytokine levels and clinical parameters were more marked in smokers. CONCLUSIONS: Although the implants of the smoker patients seem to be clinically healthy, the results demonstrate that the implants are relatively at risk even if in a well-maintained population. Copyright © 2013 by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins

Effects of Hypericum perforatum on the healing of xenografts: a histomorphometric study in rabbits

PubMedID: 28007487The aim of this study was to investigate effects of the Hypericum perforatum (St John's Wort) on bone healing in rabbit calvarium. Ten male New Zealand rabbits each had three bicortical defects made in the calvarial bones, which were filled with xenograft, xenograft + H perforatum oil extract, and autogenous graft. Four weeks postoperatively all rabbits were killed and the bony defects examined histomorphometrically. Tissue compartments including new bone (p < 0.001), marrow space (p < 0.001), and residual bone grafts (p = 0.014) differed significantly among groups. The volume of residual graft was significantly decreased in the xenograft/H perforatum group compared with those with xenografts alone (p = 0.0147). The differences in microarchitectural variables of de novo bone formation were also significant (trabecular thickness (p < 0.001), trabecular width (p < 0.001), trabecular separation (p = 0.001). There were no significant differences in node:terminus ratio between the xenograft/H perforatum group and the other two groups. However, the difference in node:terminus ratio between the autogenous graft and xenograft group was significant (p = 0.001) Oil extracts of H perforatum improved bony healing in defects filled with bovine-derived xenografts. © 2016 The British Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeon

A review on alveolar bone augmentation and dental implant success in diabetic patients

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic disease characterised with hyperglycaemia and its complications include microvascular and macrovascular diseases of the various organs. Due to microvascular complications seen in DM, it is considered a relative contraindication to dental implant therapy-related surgeries by some authors. Alveolar bone augmentation procedures are frequently applied in implant dentistry and it can be defined as any attempt to preserve or increase the height or the width of the residual ridge, or the repair defects with grafts or biomaterials. The objective of this article was to review the success rate of dental implant therapy with or without alveolar bone augmentation procedures in diabetic patients. For this purpose, a literature survey has been conducted on clinical studies, which report dental implant/alveolar bone augmentation success in patients with DM. According to current literature, dental implants can be administered safely in patients with controlled DM. However, the prognosis of alveolar bone augmentation procedures is still questionable in diabetic patients. The glycaemic status of diabetic patients should be determined based on the patients' recent HbA1c measurements and an increased complication rate should be expected in poorly controlled diabetic status. © 2010 John Wiley & Sons A/S

Relationship between voice function and skeletal effects of rapid maxillary expansion

PubMedID: 29140720Objective: To evaluate the effects of rapid maxillary expansion (RME) on the vocal quality, maxillary central incisors, midpalatal suture, and nasal cavity in patients with maxillary crossbite. Materials and Methods: Coronal CT scans of 30 subjects (14 boys, 16 girls; mean age, 12.01 6 0.75) were taken before RME (T0), and at the end of the expansion phase (T1). Voice samples of all patients were recorded with a high-quality condenser microphone (RODE NT2-A) on a desktop computer at T0 and T1. Statistical analyses were performed using a paired-sample t-test. The degree of association between the changes in the voice parameters and nasal width was assessed with Pearson's correlation. Results: RME treatment produced a significant increase in the transverse dimensions of the midpalatal suture and nasal cavity between T0 and T1 (P, .05). The maximum F0 and jitter (%) results were shown to decrease statistically significantly from T0 to T1 (P, .001 and P ¼ .042, respectively). Between T0 and T1, shimmer (%) and shimmer (dB) exhibited statistically significant increases (P ¼ .037 and P ¼ .019, respectively). Conclusions: After RME therapy, voice quality differences were found to be associated with increases in nasal width. © 2018 by The EH Angle Education and Research Foundation, Inc

Influence of two different flap designs on the sequelae of mandibular third molar surgery

Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare the influence of triangular and envelope flaps on trismus, pain, and facial swelling after mandibular third molar surgery. Methods: Twenty healthy patients with bilateral, symmetrically impacted mandibular third molars were included in this double-blinded, prospective, cross-over, randomized study. The patients were operated with envelope flap on one side and triangular flap on the other side. Trismus was determined by measuring maximum interincisal opening, and facial swelling was evaluated using a tape measuring method. Pain was determined using visual analog scale (VAS) and recording the number of pain pills taken. Results: The facial swelling measurements and VAS scores were lower in the envelope flap group compared to the triangular flap group. There was no significant difference between the two flap designs in operation time, maximum interincisal opening, and the number of analgesics taken. Conclusion: Envelope flap yields to less facial swelling and reduced VAS scores in comparison to triangular flap. There is no clinical difference in trismus between the two flap designs. Despite the higher VAS scores with triangular flap, no additional doses of analgesics were required in triangular flap. © 2011 Springer-Verlag

A pig model for the histomorphometric evaluation of hard tissue around dental implants

PubMedID: 21651415This study aimed to evaluate the frontal bone of Swiss Domestic pigs as an animal model for the histologichistomorphometric examination of bony tissue around dental implants. We inserted SLA surface implants 4.1 mm in diameter and 10 mm in length into the frontal bones of 9 Swiss-Domestic pigs. Histologic and histomorphometric studies were conducted on the undecalcified sections. Histologic examinations showed that the specimens contain a sufficient amount of bone to provide homogenous bone coverage for standard diameter dental implant placement. The mean bone to implant contact was 61.9% 6 8.7%. Other histomorphometric parameters revealed the regular trabecular architecture at this site. Pigs' frontal bone appears to be a suitable animal model in short-term dental implant studies because it provides a sufficient amount of bone and favorable bone microarchitecture

To what extent does hyaluronic acid affect healing of xenografts? A histomorphometric study in a rabbit model

PubMedID: 29364337Among the many graft materials that have been used for the treatment of bone defects in oral and maxillofacial regions is xenograft. To improve osteoconductive effects of xenografts, they have been combined with various biocompatible materials, such as hyaluronic acid and bone morphogenetic protein. Objective: To determine bone-healing capacity of high molecular weight hyaluronic acid (HA) combined with xenograft in rabbit calvarial bone defects. Material and methods: Ten adult male New Zealand rabbits (mean weight 3 kg) were included in the study. Three 6-mm-diameter bicortical cranial defects were created on calvarial bone of all rabbits. These defects were filled as follows: a) xenograft; b) HA+xenograft; c) autograft. One month after the first operation, rabbits were sacrificed. Specimens were evaluated histomorphometrically. Results: Considering multiple comparisons, differences regarding new bone were statistically significant between all groups (p0.05). Conclusion: These results support that high molecular weight hyaluronic acid could contribute to the healing of xenograft by improving the percentage of new bone formation and reducing the percentage of residual graft. However, HA did not significantly affect the quality of newly formed bone assessed by microarchitectural parameters. © 2018, Faculdade de Odontologia de Bauru. All rights reserved.This study was supported by the Scientific Research Projects Agency Coordination of Mustafa Kemal University

Implant treatment of atrophic maxilla following bone augmentation using iliac graft: A case report [Atrofik maksillanin iliak greft kullanilarak gerçeklestirilen kemik augmentasyonunu takiben uygulanan implant tedavisi: Olgu sunumu]

Alveolar bone resorption which occurs as a result of teeth extraction or periodontal disease causes functional and esthetic problems. In case of severe jaw-bone atrophy, bone augmentation procedures are becoming necessary prior to implant placement. During the planning of such cases, conebeam computed tomography (CBCT) examination provides detailed qualitative and quantitative data about maxillofacial bones with reduced radiation exposure. This article illustrated the implant treatment of a patient with severe atrophic maxilla following bone augmentation using iliac graft in the light of CBCT examination with 2-year of followup

Diagnostic concordance characteristics of oral cavity lesions

PubMedID: 24453906Purpose. The objective of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic concordance characteristics of oral cavity lesions by comparing the clinical diagnosis of the lesions with the histopathologic diagnosis. Material and Method. A retrospective analysis was conducted on the patients, who were admitted with oral cavity pathology and underwent biopsy procedure between 2007 and 2011. The oral cavity lesions were classified into 6 different groups as odontogenic cysts, nonodontogenic cysts, odontogenic tumors, nonodontogenic tumors, malignant tumors, and precancerous lesions in accordance with the 2005 WHO classification. The diagnoses were also recategorized into 3 groups expressing prognostic implications as benign, precancerous, and malignant. The initial clinical diagnoses were compared with the histopathologic diagnoses. Data were analyzed statistically. Results. A total of 2718 cases were included. Histopathologic diagnosis did not match the clinical diagnosis in 6.7% of the cases. Nonodontogenic tumors and malignant tumors had the highest misdiagnosis rates (11.5% and 9%, resp.), followed by odontogenic tumors (7.7%), precancerous lesions (6.9%), and odontogenic cysts (4.4%). Clinicians were excelled in diagnosis of benign and precancerous lesions in clinical setting. Conclusion. The detailed discordance characteristics for each specific lesion should be considered during oral pathology practice to provide early detection without delay. © 2013 Ufuk Tatli et al