A multi-element psychosocial intervention for early psychosis (GET UP PIANO TRIAL) conducted in a catchment area of 10 million inhabitants: study protocol for a pragmatic cluster randomized controlled trial

Multi-element interventions for first-episode psychosis (FEP) are promising, but have mostly been conducted in non-epidemiologically representative samples, thereby raising the risk of underestimating the complexities involved in treating FEP in 'real-world' services

Sol-gel silica coatings for the protection of cultural heritage glass

To slow down the phenomenon of weathering of ancient stained glass, the present work proposes the coating of glass. Several recipes have been tested in the past. The coatings are made of sol\u2013gel silica prepared with different catalysts like H+, Pb(II), Sn(IV) and without catalyst. All the investigated samples show a good adhesion of the coating to the glasses used to simulate the behaviour of ancient artefacts and a good resistance to ageing tests. In the present work, some tests on Au and Ti surfaces coated with sol\u2013gel silica were done, in order to investigate the adhesion of a H+ sol\u2013gel coating to the surface of metals. In fact, in the case of glassy mosaics called \u2018\u2018golden leaf tessera\u201d, the adhesion of the glass to the metal is a critical point, due to the fact that the weathering of such tesserae causes the detaching of the \u2018\u2018cartellina\u201d (small glass layer) from the metal leaf. The main techniques adopted to investigate are optical microscopy (OM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), atomic force microscopy (AFM) and Rutherford backscattering spectroscopy (RBS)

The development of growth rings on ancient glass surfaces: Description and simulation of the weathering

The present work investigates the weathering process of glass surfaces with the formation of corrosion growth rings investigated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, optical microscope, environmental scanning electron microscope and particle induced X-ray emission. The analysed samples are both ancient and recent glasses. The first set of samples is constituted by Roman glass fragments originally belonging to the load of the Iulia Felix ship, sunken in the Northern Adriatic sea (Grado, Italy) during II century AD. The samples were already investigated in the past [F. Barbana, R. Bertoncello, L. Milanese, C. Sada, J. Non-Cryst. Solids 337 (2) (2004) 136; B. Dal Bianco, R. Bertoncello, L. Milanese, S. Barison, J. Non-Cryst. Solids 343 (2004) 91; B. Dal Bianco, R. Bertoncello, L. Milanese, S. Barison, Surface Eng. 21 (5\u20136) (2005) 393; B. Dal Bianco, R. Bertoncello, L. Milanese, S. Barison, Archaeometry 47 (2) (2005) 353], but their production process is still unknown. The second set of samples belongs to the stained window of S. Giovanni church in Polegge (Vicenza, Italy) and it is dated to 1930 ca. The glass production process is well known. In fact, every tessera is made of soda-lime glass. On one side only, the glass is coated with a green pigment (low melting temperature glass) and then heated in oven in order to fix it on the glass. The window is then mounted and fixed to the wall. Unfortunately, during this procedure, the window was positioned inside-out, so that the painted surface was exposed to the direct action of the atmospheric conditions. This anomaly favoured the fast degradation of the tessera, with the presence of concentric rings at the surface. Another set of samples was produced in order to simulate the effects of moisture at the glass surface, using an industrial soda-lime glass and coating it with a painting originally used in 1930s. The comparisons between the corrosion of the three sets of samples suggest that the Iulia Felix glasses could have been prepared with the same technique. 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved

Synthesis of Silica Protective Films by Tin-Catalyzed Sol-gel Process

I richiedenti hanno messo a punto una nuova metodologia per la preparazione di miscele dei precursori sol-gel che prevedono l\u2019impiego di un catalizzatore dotato di propriet\ue0 acide di tipo Lewis, (SnCl4 in soluzione acquosa), aventi valori di pH variabili tra 4 e 7 a seconda della quantit\ue0 di catalizzatore utilizzato. Il fatto di poter variare il pH del mezzo, mantenendo comunque dei buoni tempi di gelificazione, permette di condurre la sintesi in modo tale da trovare la composizione della miscela che dia i risultati migliori per quanto riguarda il tempo di gelificazione e la morfologia dei depositi a seconda del materiale che si intende ricoprire. I parametri operativi per la formazione e la deposizione del film di vetro sono controllati secondo quanto noto per la metodologia sol-gel classica come diffusamente discusso nel gi\ue0 citato \u201cSol-Gel Science \u2013 The Physics and Chemistry of Sol-Gel Processing\u201d di C. J. Brinker e G. W. Scherrer, a parte i parametri di pH e temperatura. Il film prodotto secondo la presente invenzione \ue8 costituito da silice vetrosa, il vetro pi\uf9 duraturo, meno facilmente attaccabile chimicamente e fisicamente e dotato quindi di buone caratteristiche di omogeneit\ue0, purezza, resistenza agli agenti atmosferici e trasparenza; inoltre, essendo composto da silicio e ossigeno, presenta una ottima compatibilit\ue0 con substrati vetrosi. Il presente metodo prevede: - La deposizione del film in condizioni di pH neutro e non pi\uf9 in condizioni di pH acido, allo scopo di evitare fenomeni di degrado in manufatti sensibili all\u2019acidit\ue0; - la sostituzione del trattamento termico di densificazione con un processo di lenta asciugatura a temperatura ambiente, che evita danneggiamenti del substrato e l\u2019inglobamento di impurezze nel film

The Prussian Blue: Synthesis and Characterisation of the Pigment Obtained Following Ancient and Modern Recipes

atti della Prima Conferenza Nazionale del Gruppo del Colore, Pescara (Italia) 20-21 Ottobre 200

Glasses on the seabed: surface study of chemical corrosion in sunken Roman glasses

The current work aims to describe surface weathering of ancient glasses in marine environment. All data are collected using dif- 11 ferent techniques: optical microscopy, RGA, surface techniques (XPS, SEM and SIMS). Three types of glass weathering have been 12 observed: white glass, glossy glass and glass showing growth rings. A compact structure characterizes white glasses, while a porous 13 structure with flaked layers is typical of glossy glasses. White glasses show different abundance of characteristic elements or mole- 14 cules (Mg(II), Sb(V), Ti(IV) and micro-crystalline silica). Glossy glasses, instead, are characterized by peeling layers of nearly pure 15 silica glass, with small differences in composition owing to ionic mobility phenomena. Data suggest a time relation between white 16 and glossy glasses. Visible growth rings characterize the third class of glass. They are made of titanium and antimony compounds 17 centers surrounded by many rings with the same composition. Their temporal evolution has been explained according to the theory 18 of Liesegang rings. Hypotheses on antimony and titanium origins are reported

New protective coatings for ancient glass: silica thin-films from perhydropolysilazane

The aim of the work is to synthesise a new silica coating to protect ancient glass from weathering. The coating is prepared starting from an unusual precursor (Perhydropolysilazane e 20%, NL120A-20, Clariant) that allows to achieve high-quality thin-films of silica at room temperature. The obtained films are uncoloured, even in absence of strong heat-treatment. Perhydropolysilazane (PHPS) is a polymer of [eSiH2eNHeSiH2e]n units. When deposited on a typical microscope slide, it reacts with atmospheric moisture, the SieH and SieNH bonds are hydrolysed to SieO bonds and the typical structure of silica is produced. The conversion to silica is completed in about 66 h when operating at room temperature, using vapours of a 15 mol L1 ammonia solution. A quicker method is the application of a weak heat-treatment (45 C), achievable using as heater a common tungsten filament lamp. With this approach, the conversion to silica films is completed in 2 h. The coated glass samples have been studied by XPS and OM technique