817 research outputs found
Distributed feedback control on the SIS network model:An impossibility result
This paper considers the deterministic Susceptible-Infected-Susceptible (SIS) epidemic network model, over strongly connected networks. It is well known that there exists an endemic equilibrium (the disease persists in all nodes of the network) if and only if the effective reproduction number of the network is greater than 1. In fact, the endemic equilibrium is unique and is asymptotically stable for all feasible nonzero initial conditions. We consider the recovery rate of each node as a control input. Using results from differential topology and monotone systems, we establish that it is impossible for a large class of distributed feedback controllers to drive the network to the healthy equilibrium (where every node is disease free) if the uncontrolled network has a reproduction number greater than 1. In fact, a unique endemic equilibrium exists in the controlled network, and it is exponentially stable for all feasible nonzero initial conditions. We illustrate our impossibility result using simulations, and discuss the implications on the problem of control over epidemic networks. </p
Granular Solid Hydrodynamics
Granular elasticity, an elasticity theory useful for calculating static
stress distribution in granular media, is generalized to the dynamic case by
including the plastic contribution of the strain. A complete hydrodynamic
theory is derived based on the hypothesis that granular medium turns
transiently elastic when deformed. This theory includes both the true and the
granular temperatures, and employs a free energy expression that encapsulates a
full jamming phase diagram, in the space spanned by pressure, shear stress,
density and granular temperature. For the special case of stationary granular
temperatures, the derived hydrodynamic theory reduces to {\em hypoplasticity},
a state-of-the-art engineering model.Comment: 42 pages 3 fi
Two-Pion Exchange Interaction Between Constituent Quarks
The two-pion exchange interaction between constituent quarks is shown to
enhance the effect of the the isospin dependent spin-spin component of the
one-pion exchange interaction, and to cancel out its tensor component. It
therefore provides a partial explanation for the phenomenological observation
that the hyperfine interaction between constituent quarks is well described by
a flavor dependent spin-spin interaction, which is attractive at short and
repulsive at long range. The spin-orbit component of the two-pion exchange
interaction is stronger than and has the opposite sign from that associated
with the linear confining interaction in the shell multiplets.Comment: Revised accepted versio
Chaos in a generalized Lorenz system
A three-component dynamic system with influence of pumping and nonlinear
dissipation describing a quantum cavity electrodynamic device is studied.
Different dynamical regimes are investigated in terms of divergent trajectories
approaches and fractal statistics. It has been shown, that in such a system
stable and unstable dissipative structures type of limit cycles can be formed
with variation of pumping and nonlinear dissipation rate. Transitions to
chaotic regime and the corresponding chaotic attractor are studied in details
Possible Molecular States of System and Y(4140)
The interpretation of Y(4140) as a molecule is studied
dynamically in the one boson exchange approach, where , and
exchange are included. Ten allowed states with
low spin parity are considered, we find that the , ,
, and configurations are most
tightly bound. We suggest the most favorable quantum numbers are
for Y(4140) as a molecule, however,
and can not be excluded. We propose to search for the
and partners in the and final
states, which is an important test of the molecular hypothesis of Y(4140) and
the reasonability of our model. The molecule is
deeply bound, experimental search in the channel at Tevatron
and LHC is suggested.Comment: 13 pages,2 figure
Four Light Neutrinos in Singular Seesaw Mechanism with Abelian Flavor Symmetry
The four light neutrino scenario, which explains the atmosphere, solar and
LSND neutrino experiments, is studied in the framework of the seesaw mechanism.
By taking both the Dirac and Majorana mass matrix of neutrinos to be singular,
the four neutrino mass spectrum consisting of two almost degenerate pairs
separated by a mass gap eV is naturally generated. Moreover the
right-handed neutrino Majorana mass can be at GeV scale unlike
in the usual singular seesaw mechanism. Abelian flavor symmetry is used to
produce the required neutrino mass pattern. A specific example of the flavor
charge assignment is provided to show that maximal mixings between the
and are respectively attributed to the
atmosphere and solar neutrino anomalies while small mixing between two pairs to
the LSND results. The implication in the other fermion masses is also
discussed.Comment: Firnal version to appear in PR
Parity nonconserving cold neutron-parahydrogen interactions
Three pion dominated observables of the parity nonconserving interactions
between the cold neutrons and parahydrogen are calculated. The transversely
polarized neutron spin rotation, unpolarized neutron longitudinal polarization,
and photon-asymmetry of the radiative polarized neutron capture are considered.
For the numerical evaluation of the observables, the strong interactions are
taken into account by the Reid93 potential and the parity nonconserving
interactions by the DDH model along with the two-pion exchange.Comment: 17 pages, 2 figure
A Naturally Narrow Positive Parity Theta^+
We present a consistent color-flavor-spin-orbital wave function for a
positive parity Theta^+ that naturally explains the observed narrowness of the
state. The wave function is totally symmetric in its flavor-spin part and
totally antisymmetric in its color-orbital part. If flavor-spin interactions
dominate, this wave function renders the positive parity Theta^+ lighter than
its negative parity counterpart. We consider decays of the Theta^+ and compute
the overlap of this state with the kinematically allowed final states. Our
results are numerically small. We note that dynamical correlations between
quarks are not necessary to obtain narrow pentaquark widths.Comment: 10 pages, 1 figure, Revtex4, two-column format, version to be
published in Phys. Rev. D, includes numerical estimates of decay width
Effect of sedimentary heterogeneities in the sealing formation on predictive analysis of geological CO<sub>2</sub> storage
Numerical models of geologic carbon sequestration (GCS) in saline aquifers use multiphase fluid flow-characteristic curves (relative permeability and capillary pressure) to represent the interactions of the non-wetting CO2 and the wetting brine. Relative permeability data for many sedimentary formations is very scarce, resulting in the utilisation of mathematical correlations to generate the fluid flow characteristics in these formations. The flow models are essential for the prediction of CO2 storage capacity and trapping mechanisms in the geological media. The observation of pressure dissipation across the storage and sealing formations is relevant for storage capacity and geomechanical analysis during CO2 injection.
This paper evaluates the relevance of representing relative permeability variations in the sealing formation when modelling geological CO2 sequestration processes. Here we concentrate on gradational changes in the lower part of the caprock, particularly how they affect pressure evolution within the entire sealing formation when duly represented by relative permeability functions.
The results demonstrate the importance of accounting for pore size variations in the mathematical model adopted to generate the characteristic curves for GCS analysis. Gradational changes at the base of the caprock influence the magnitude of pressure that propagates vertically into the caprock from the aquifer, especially at the critical zone (i.e. the region overlying the CO2 plume accumulating at the reservoir-seal interface). A higher degree of overpressure and CO2 storage capacity was observed at the base of caprocks that showed gradation. These results illustrate the need to obtain reliable relative permeability functions for GCS, beyond just permeability and porosity data. The study provides a formative principle for geomechanical simulations that study the possibility of pressure-induced caprock failure during CO2 sequestration
Parity nonconservation in deuteron photoreactions
We calculate the asymmetries in parity nonconserving deuteron
photodisintegration due to circularly polarized photons gamma+d to n+p with the
photon laboratory energy ranging from the threshold up to 10 MeV and the
radiative capture of thermal polarized neutrons by protons n+p to gamma+d. We
use the leading order electromagnetic Hamiltonian neglecting the smaller
nuclear exchange currents. Comparative calculations are done by using the
Reid93 and Argonne v18 potentials for the strong interaction and the DDH and
FCDH "best" values for the weak couplings in a weak one-meson exchange
potential. A weak NDelta transition potential is used to incorporate also the
Delta(1232)-isobar excitation in the coupled-channels formalism.Comment: 14 pages, 13 figures (18 eps files), LaTeX2
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