The Representation of Cultural Content in Global Elementary Coursebook

This study was to find out the types of cultural content source found in the reading and listening texts presented in Global elementary coursebook (2012) and the similarities and differences of the types of cultural content source found in those texts. The data were analyzed using the theory of types of cultural content source proposed by Matsuda (2012). The findings of this study showed that the reading texts met 54.9% of global culture, 35.3% of target culture, and 9.8% of local culture while the listening texts met 72.5% of global culture, 25% of target culture, and 2.5% of local culture. All in all, as proposed by Matsuda (2012), a good coursebook is the one that has multiple sources of cultural content; and Global elementary coursebook fulfills this criterion as it has three types of cultural content source

The faintest galaxies

We investigate the nature of Ultra Faint dwarf spheroidal galaxies (UF dSphs) in a general cosmological context, simultaneously accounting for various "classical" dSphs and Milky Way (MW) properties, including their Metallicity Distribution Function (MDF). The model successfully reproduces both the observed [Fe/H]-Luminosity relation and the mean MDF of UFs. According to our results UFs are the living fossils of H2-cooling minihaloes formed at z>8.5, i.e. before the end of reionization. They are the oldest and the most dark matter-dominated (M/L > 100) dSphs in the MW system, with a total mass of M = 10^(7-8) Msun. The model allows to interpret the different shape of UFs and classical dSphs MDF, along with the frequency of extremely metal-poor stars in these objects. We discuss the "missing satellites problem" by comparing the UF star formation efficiencies with those derived for minihaloes in the Via Lactea simulation.Comment: To appear in the conference proceeding: "First Stars and Galaxies: Challenges in the Next Decade" . Publisher: American Institute of Physics. Editors: V. Bromm, D. Whalen, N. Yoshid

Jekyll and Hyde

Jekyll and Hyde were in fact two people inside the same person – an obviously dynamically inconsistent person. In the book and in the movie, the dynamic inconsistency was resolved in arather dramatic way. We investigate its resolution in the laboratory.dynamic inconsistency, saving, consumption, naïve, resolute, sophisticated, dual selves

A synthetic method for assessing small dams flood wave

River hydrodynamicsUnsteady open channel flow and dam brea

Statin therapy in critical illness : an international survey of intensive care physicians' opinions, attitudes and practice

Background Pleotropic effects of statins on inflammation are hypothesised to attenuate the severity of and possibly prevent the occurrence of the host inflammatory response to pathogen and infection-related acute organ failure. We conducted an international survey of intensive care physicians in Australia, New Zealand (ANZ) and United Kingdom (UK). The aims of the survey were to assess the current prescribing practice patterns, attitudes towards prescribing statin therapy in critically ill patients and opinions on the need for an interventional trial of statin therapy in critically ill patients. Methods Survey questions were developed through an iterative process. An expert group reviewed the resulting 26 items for face and content validity and clarity. The questions were further refined following pilot testing by ICU physicians from Australia, Canada and the UK. We used the online Smart SurveyTM software to administer the survey. Results Of 239 respondents (62 from ANZ and 177 from UK) 58% worked in teaching hospitals; most (78.2%) practised in ‘closed’ units with a mixed medical and surgical case mix (71.0%). The most frequently prescribed statins were simvastatin (77.6%) in the UK and atorvastatin (66.1%) in ANZ. The main reasons cited to explain the choice of statin were preadmission prescription and pharmacy availability. Most respondents reported never starting statins to prevent (65.3%) or treat (89.1%) organ dysfunction. Only a minority (10%) disagreed with a statement that the risks of major side effects of statins when prescribed in critically ill patients were low. The majority (84.5%) of respondents strongly agreed that a clinical trial of statins for prevention is needed. More than half (56.5%) favoured rates of organ failure as the primary outcome for such a trial, while a minority (40.6%) favoured mortality. Conclusions Despite differences in type of statins prescribed, critical care physicians in the UK and ANZ reported similar prescription practices. Respondents from both communities agreed that a trial is needed to test whether statins can prevent the onset of new organ failure in patients with sepsis