596 research outputs found
Introduction to the Symposium: Access to Justice: Mass Incarceration and Masculinity Through a Black Feminist Lens
This Introduction to the Symposium, Race to Justice: Mass Incarceration and Masculinity through a Black Feminist Lens, rehearses the animating forces that led to a colloquium and a series of papers that explore the question of mass incarceration and the negative state engagement surrounding it through gendered and feminist lenses. The Introduction explains how an analysis of mass incarceration through the lens of gender complicates what is often conceived as a story about race. Instead mass incarceration can be more deeply understood through its gendered effects on men and the women and children connected to those men. These connections include the social and economic conditions of the community, new forms of sexuality experienced in prison, and resulting changes in identity. Building on the work of Angela Davis and Beth Ritchie, this symposium and its papers provide new insights and frameworks for mass incarceration. Symposium authors include Angela Harris, Frank Rudy Cooper, SpearIt, Kimberly Bailey, Jessica Dixon Weaver
Introduction: Mass Incarceration and Masculinity through a Black Feminist Lense
Mass incarceration is one of the biggest obstacles to social justice and democratic equality in the United States. This nation leads the world in imprisonment. As Angela Davis contended, the prison industrial complex is much more than the sum of all the jails and prisons in this country. It is a set of symbiotic relationships among correctional communities, transnational corporations, media conglomerates, guardsâ unions, and legislative and court agendas. Other developed states use social welfare policy to develop citizensâ capabilities, which increase their employment and life prospects. In stark contrast, the United States has evolved a fairly permanent underclass, which does not have access to the basic capabilities necessary to enjoy even a working-class existence. In addition, faced with the choice to classify the 1980s rise in drug addiction and expansion in illegal drug markets as either a public health or criminal crisis, the United States consistently opted for the latter. Understood in this light, the solution was clear and immediate: incarceration. This policy was part and parcel of the emergence of the prison industrial complex, which has transformed the American political economy. Much noted are the racial aspects and effects of mass incarceration, which has decimated communities of color across class and region. For this intellectual inquiry, we chose black feminism as our lens. We decided to approach this phenomenon through a gendered lens for several reasons. First, mass incarceration has deeply gendered effects that cannot be understood as purely racial products. It affects men of color as men, and not just as racialized beings. Second, as several of the papers emphasize, mass incarceration has had acute effects on families that black feminist thought is particularly well suited to address. Third, mass incarceration has introduced new forms of sexuality, both risks and desires that require a thick understanding of identity and intimacy. Finally, black feminism is particularly adept at prosecuting the gendered dimensions of power and state violence
Introduction: Mass Incarceration and Masculinity Through a Black Feminist Lens
Mass incarceration is one of the biggest obstacles to social justice and democratic equality in the United States. This nation leads the world in imprisonment. As Angela Davis contended, the âprison industrial complex is much more than the sum of all the jails and prisons in this country. It is a set of symbiotic relationships among correctional communities, transnational corporations, media conglomerates, guardsâ unions, and legislative and court agendas.â Other developed states use social welfare policy to develop citizensâ capabilities, which increase their employment and life prospects. In stark contrast, the United States has evolved a fairly permanent underclass, which does not have access to the basic capabilities necessary to enjoy even a working-class existence. In addition, faced with the choice to classify the 1980s rise in drug addiction and expansion in illegal drug markets as either a public health or criminal crisis, the United States consistently opted for the latter. Understood in this light, the solution was clear and immediate: incarceration. This policy was part and parcel of the emergence of the prison industrial complex, which has transformed the American political economy. Much noted are the racial aspects and effects of mass incarceration, which has decimated communities of color across class and region. For this intellectual inquiry, we chose black feminism as our lens. We decided to approach this phenomenon through a gendered lens for several reasons. First, mass incarceration has deeply gendered effects that cannot be understood as purely racial products. It affects men of color as men, and not just as racialized beings. Second, as several of the papers emphasize, mass incarceration has had acute effects on families that black feminist thought is particularly well suited to address. Third, mass incarceration has introduced new forms of sexuality, both risks and desires that require a thick understanding of identity and intimacy. Finally, black feminism is particularly adept at prosecuting the gendered dimensions of power and state violence
The Ramanujan master theorem and its implications for special functions
We study a number of possible extensions of the Ramanujan master theorem,
which is formulated here by using methods of Umbral nature. We discuss the
implications of the procedure for the theory of special functions, like the
derivation of formulae concerning the integrals of products of families of
Bessel functions and the successive derivatives of Bessel type functions. We
stress also that the procedure we propose allows a unified treatment of many
problems appearing in applications, which can formally be reduced to the
evaluation of exponential- or Gaussian-like integrals.Comment: 12 page
A Generalization of Chetaev's Principle for a Class of Higher Order Non-holonomic Constraints
The constraint distribution in non-holonomic mechanics has a double role. On
one hand, it is a kinematic constraint, that is, it is a restriction on the
motion itself. On the other hand, it is also a restriction on the allowed
variations when using D'Alembert's Principle to derive the equations of motion.
We will show that many systems of physical interest where D'Alembert's
Principle does not apply can be conveniently modeled within the general idea of
the Principle of Virtual Work by the introduction of both kinematic constraints
and variational constraints as being independent entities. This includes, for
example, elastic rolling bodies and pneumatic tires. Also, D'Alembert's
Principle and Chetaev's Principle fall into this scheme. We emphasize the
geometric point of view, avoiding the use of local coordinates, which is the
appropriate setting for dealing with questions of global nature, like
reduction.Comment: 27 pages. Journal of Mathematical Physics (to zappear
New solutions of Heun general equation
We show that in four particular cases the derivative of the solution of Heun
general equation can be expressed in terms of a solution to another Heun
equation. Starting from this property, we use the Gauss hypergeometric
functions to construct series solutions to Heun equation for the mentioned
cases. Each of the hypergeometric functions involved has correct singular
behavior at only one of the singular points of the equation; the sum, however,
has correct behavior
A transient network of telechelic polymers and microspheres : structure and rheology
We study the structure and dynamics of a transient network composed of
droplets of microemulsion connected by telechelic polymers. The polymer induces
a bridging attraction between droplets without changing their shape. A
viscoelastic behaviour is induced in the initially liquid solution,
characterised in the linear regime by a stretched exponential stress
relaxation. We analyse this relaxation in the light of classical theories of
transient networks. The role of the elastic reorganisations in the deformed
network is emphasized. In the non linear regime, a fast relaxation dynamics is
followed by a second one having the same rate as in the linear regime. This
behaviour, under step strain experiments, should induce a non monotonic
behaviour in the elastic component of the stress under constant shear rate.
However, we obtain in this case a singularity in the flow curve very different
from the one observed in other systems, that we interpret in terms of fracture
behaviour.Comment: 9 pages, 4 figure
On Virtual Displacement and Virtual Work in Lagrangian Dynamics
The confusion and ambiguity encountered by students, in understanding virtual
displacement and virtual work, is discussed in this article. A definition of
virtual displacement is presented that allows one to express them explicitly
for holonomic (velocity independent), non-holonomic (velocity dependent),
scleronomous (time independent) and rheonomous (time dependent) constraints. It
is observed that for holonomic, scleronomous constraints, the virtual
displacements are the displacements allowed by the constraints. However, this
is not so for a general class of constraints. For simple physical systems, it
is shown that, the work done by the constraint forces on virtual displacements
is zero. This motivates Lagrange's extension of d'Alembert's principle to
system of particles in constrained motion. However a similar zero work
principle does not hold for the allowed displacements. It is also demonstrated
that d'Alembert's principle of zero virtual work is necessary for the
solvability of a constrained mechanical problem. We identify this special class
of constraints, physically realized and solvable, as {\it the ideal
constraints}. The concept of virtual displacement and the principle of zero
virtual work by constraint forces are central to both Lagrange's method of
undetermined multipliers, and Lagrange's equations in generalized coordinates.Comment: 12 pages, 10 figures. This article is based on an earlier article
physics/0410123. It includes new figures, equations and logical conten
The helium atom in a strong magnetic field
We investigate the electronic structure of the helium atom in a magnetic
field b etween B=0 and B=100a.u. The atom is treated as a nonrelativistic
system with two interactin g electrons and a fixed nucleus. Scaling laws are
provided connecting the fixed-nucleus Hamiltonia n to the one for the case of
finite nuclear mass. Respecting the symmetries of the electronic Ham iltonian
in the presence of a magnetic field, we represent this Hamiltonian as a matrix
with res pect to a two-particle basis composed of one-particle states of a
Gaussian basis set. The corresponding generalized eigenvalue problem is solved
numerically, providing in the present paper results for vanish ing magnetic
quantum number M=0 and even or odd z-parity, each for both singlet and triplet
spin symmetry. Total electronic energies of the ground state and the first few
excitations in each su bspace as well as their one-electron ionization energies
are presented as a function of the magnetic fie ld, and their behaviour is
discussed. Energy values for electromagnetic transitions within the M=0 sub
space are shown, and a complete table of wavelengths at all the detected
stationary points with respect to their field dependence is given, thereby
providing a basis for a comparison with observed ab sorption spectra of
magnetic white dwarfs.Comment: 21 pages, 4 Figures, acc.f.publ.in J.Phys.
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