A model of collaborative innovation between local government and tourism operators

[EN] This research proposes a framework for collaborative innovation in a public private partnership by applying techniques that combine quantitative data collection and qualitative depth. It proposes a collaborative model that looks to provide competitive advantage by improving tourist services from two perspectives: from the core of public administration, and from the private tourist sector perspective.Pons Morera, C.; Canós Darós, L.; Gil Pechuán, I. (2017). A model of collaborative innovation between local government and tourism operators. SERVICE BUSINESS. AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL. 1-26. doi:10.1007/s11628-017-0341-xS126Anderberg MR (1973) Cluster analysis for applications. Academic Press, New YorkAugustyn K (2000) Performance of tourism partnerships: a focus on York. Tour Manag 2:341–351Aziri B, Nedelea A (2013) Business strategies in tourism. Ecoforum 2(1):9Baglieri D, Consoli R (2009) Collaborative innovation in tourism: managing virtual communities. TQM J 21(4):353–364Barbero MI (2009) Métodos de elaboración de escalas. UNED, MadridBeaumont N, Dredge D (2010) Local tourism governance: a comparison of three network approaches. J Sustain Tourism 18(1):7–28Beritelli P, Bieger T, Laesser C (2007) Destination governance: Using corporate governance theories as a foundation for effective destination management. J Travel Res 46:96–107Bigné JE, Aldás J, Küster I, Vila N (2002) Estableciendo los determinantes de la fidelidad del cliente: Un estudio basado en técnicas cualitativas. Investigación y Mark 77:58–62Bruntland GH (1987) Our common future. http://www.un-documents.net/our-common-future.pdf . Consulted in 2016Buch EB, Cabaleiro R (2011) Hacia la determinación de la condición financiera de la administración publica local. Aplicación a los municipios de la comunidad autónoma de Galicia. Academia, Revista latinoamericana de administración, No. 47, pp. 43–60Burke JG, O’Campo P, Peak GL, Gielen AC, McDonnell KA, Trochim WM (2005) An introduction to concept mapping as a participatory public health research method. Qual Health Res 15(10):1392–1410Bustelo C, García-Morales E (2008) Administración electrónica y gestión documental. Consideraciones a la luz de la ley para el acceso electrónico de los ciudadanos a los servicios públicos. El profesional de la información. Enero-febrero 17(1):106–111Caffyn A, Jobbins G (2003) Governance capacity and stakeholder interactions in the development and management of coastal tourism: examples from Morocco and Tunisia. J Sustain Tourism 11(2):224–245Carlisle S, Kunc M, Jones E, Tiffin S (2013) Supporting innovation for tourism development through multi-stakeholder approaches: experiences from Africa. Tour Manag 35:59–69Clavero J, Codina M, Pérez A, Serrat-Brustenga M (2009) Estudio de caso de servicio de préstamo de libros electrónicos. El profesional de la información. Marzo-abril 18(2):237–241Czernek K (2013) Determinants of cooperation in a tourist region. Ann Tourism Res 40:83–104Dinica V (2009) Governance for sustainable tourism: a comparison of international and dutch visions. Journal of Sustainable Tourism. 17(5):583–603Dredge D, Whitford M (2011) Event tourism governance and the public sphere. J Sustain Tourism 19(4-5):479–499European Directive 2006/7/EC. Bathing Water. http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=OJ:L:2006:064:0037:0051:EN:PDF . Consulted in 2016Everitt B (1980) Cluster analysis. New York, NY, Halsted Press, a Division of John Wiley and SonsFernández O (1991) El análisis de Cluster: Aplicación, interpretación y validación. Papers 37:65–76Foundation for Environmental Quality of the European Union. http://www.blueflag.org/menu/awarded-sites/2014/northern-hemisphere/spain-2/List/Beaches . Consulted in 2016Freeman RE, McVea J (1984) A stakeholder approach to strategic management. Pitman, BostonGil-Lafuente AM, Kyun-Oh Y (2012) Incidencia de las inversiones de la administración pública sobre el desarrollo turístico de una ciudad. Revista Venezolana de Gestión Pública. Enero-Diciembre 3(3):81–109Gil-Pechuán I, Conesa-García M, Navarro-García A (2014) Concept mapping to improve higher education. Innovation and Teaching Technologies. ISBN: 978-3-319-04824-6. pp. 61–73Granovetter M (1985) Economic action and social structure: the problem of embeddedness. Am J Sociol 91(3):481Greenwood J (1993) Business interest groups in tourism governance. Tourism Manag 14:335–348Gulati R (1995) Social structure and alliance formation patterns: a longitudinal analysis. Adm Sci Q 40:619–653Henao-Betancur PA, Echeverri-Farley OM, Zartha-Sossa JW (2013) Metodología web para la formulación e implementación de estrategias de innovación en empresas. Rev Gestión de las Personas y Tecnol 16:6Hodge GA, Greve C (2017) On public-private partnership performance: a contemporary review. Public Works Manag Policy 22(1):55–78Hultman J, Hall CM (2012) Tourism place-Making governance of locality in Sweden. Ann Tourism Res 39(2):547–570Khattri N, Miles MB (1994) Cognitive mapping: a review and working guide. Center Policy Res, SparkhillKlodiana G, Dorina K, Engjellushe Z (2012) The role of local government in sustainable development. AUDOE. 8(2):139–155León JA, Zapico F (2003) Usos prácticos sobre la política electrónica en los servicios públicos: el caso de Extremadura. El profesional de la información. Mayo-junio 12(3):232–236Marinao E, Chasco C (2012) Trust in tourist destinations. the role of local inhabitants and institutions. Academia, Revista latinoamericana de administración 51:27–47Marzo-Roselló R, Peris-Pérez P, Ferris-Oñate, Sánchez-Lacuesta J, Matínez-Gómez L, Olaso-Melis J, Garcés-Pérez L, Primo-Capella VJ (2013) La experiencia turística en la ciudad de Valencia. Rev de Biomec 59:63–66Menon S, Manoj E (2014) Public private partnerships in tourism- a case study of Kerala Travel Mart. Afr J Hosp Tour Leisure 3(2):1–7Miranda-Gumucio L, Gil-Pechuán I, Palacios-Marqués D (2013) An exploratory study of the determinants of switching and loyalty in prepaid cell phone users. An application of concept mapping. Serv Bus 7(4):603–622Miret-Pastor L, Segarra-Oña MV (2011) Estudio del clúster turístico de Benidorm a través de indicadores de aglomeración y especialización. Renovación de destinos turísticos consolidados, pp 69–86Miret-Pastor L, Segarra-Oña MV, Hervás-Oliver JL (2009) Un análisis sobre la concentración espacial en el turismo valenciano. Congreso de la Asociación Española de Ciencia Regional. XXXV Reunión de estudios regionales, ValenciaMoscardo G (2011) Exploring social representations of tourism planning: issues for governance. J Sustain Tour 19(4-5):423–436Muñoz-Cañavate A, Chaín Navarro C (2004) La administración local española en internet: estudio cuantitativo de la evolución de los sistemas de información web de los ayuntamientos (1997–2002). Ciencias de la Inf 35(1):43–55Nabitz U, Severens P, Brink WVD, Jansen P (2007) Improving the EFQM model: an empirical study on model development and theory building using concept mapping. Total Qual Manag 12(1):69–81National and Integral Tourism Plan (2012–2015) http://www.minetur.gob.es/turismo/es-ES/PNIT/Documents/Plan%20Nacional%20e%20Integral%20de%20Turismo%20(PNIT)%202012-2015.pdf . Consulted in 2016Nicholson J, Orr K (2016) Local government partnership working: a space odyssey. Or, journeys through the dilemmas of public and private sector boundary-spanning actors. Policy Politics 44(2):269–287Nordin S, Svensson B (2007) Innovative destination governance: the Swedish ski resort of Åre. Entrepr Innov 8(1):53–66Nunkoo R (2015) Tourism development and trust in local government. Tour Manag 46:623–634Pechlaner H, Tschurtschenthaler P (2003) Tourism policy, tourism organisations and change management in Alpine regions and destinations: a european perspective. Curr Issues Tour 6(6):508–539Pfeffer J, Salancik G (1978) The external control of organizations: a resource-dependence perspective. Harper and Row, New YorkPorter ME (1990) The competitive advantage of nations. Harv Bus Rev 68(2):73–93Prahalad CK, Hamel G (1990) The core competence of the corporation. Harv Bus Rev 68(3):79–91Queiroz F, Rastrollo-Horrillo MA (2015) State of art in tourist destination governance. Tour Manag Stud 11(2):47–55. doi: 10.18089/tms.2015.11206Rodríguez MP, López AM, Ortiz D (2010) Implementing the balanced scorecard in public sector agencies: An experience in municipal sport services. Acad Rev latinoam de adm 45:116–139Rooter report (2010) La innovación en servicios en España. www.rooter.es . Consulted in 2016Rosas SR (2005) Concept mapping as a technique for program theory development: an illustration using family support programs. Am J Eval 26(3):389–401Rosas SR, Camphausen LC (2007) The use of concept mapping for scale development and validation in evaluation. Eval Progr Plann 30:125–135Santos M, Ferreira AM, Costa C (2014) Influential factors in the competitiveness of mature tourism destinations. Tour Manag Stud 10(1):73–81Selin S, Chavez D (1994) Characteristics of successful tourism partnerships: a multiple case study design. J Park Recreat Adm 12(2):51–61Selin S, Chavez D (1995) Developing an evolutionary tourism partnership model. Ann Tour Res 22(4):844–856Simpson B (1994) How do women scientists perceive their own career development? Int J Career Manag 6(1):19–27Soler-López MC (2013) Calidad y Rendimiento de Sitios Web de e-Government. Aplicación a la Administración Local. Doctoral thesis. Murcia UniversitySpanish Tourism Plan Horizon (2020) pp. 24 and 43. http://static.hosteltur.com/web/uploads/2011/10/Plan_de_Turismo_Espaol_Horizonte_2020.pdf . Consulted in 2016Toral SL, Barrero F, Martínez MR, Gallardo S, Cortés FJ (2006) Determinación de las variables de diseño en el desarrollo de una herramienta de e-learning. Pixel-Bit, Rev de medios y edu 27:99–113Torres L, Pina V (2001) Public–private partnership and private finance initiatives in the EU and Spanish local governments. Eur Account Rev 10:601–619Trochim WMK (1989) An introduction to concept mapping for planning and evaluation. Eval Progr Plann 12(1):1–16Trochim WMK, Linton R (1986) Conceptualization for planning and evaluation. Eval Progr Plann 9(4):289–308United Nations World Tourism Organization (2005) Making tourism more sustainable. A guide for policy makers, UNEP and UNWTO, pp 11–12. http://sdt.unwto.org/content/about-us-5United Nations World Tourism Organization (2015) UNWTO tourism highlights, p 6. http://www.e-unwto.org/doi/pdf/10.18111/9789284416899Velasco GM (2007) Gestión de destinos: ¿Gobernabilidad del turismo o gobernanza del destino?. Ministerio de educación y ciencia de España. Plan nacional de I + D + I (2004–2007)Wang Y (2008) Collaborative destination marketing: understanding the dynamic process. J Travel Res 47(2):151–166Wang Y, Fesenmaier RD (2007) Collaborative destination marketing: a case study of Elkhart county, Indiana. Tour Manag 28:863–875Wang C, Honggang X (2014) The role of local government and the private sector in China’s tourism industry. Tour Manag 45:95–105Williamson OE (1975) Markets and hierarchies: analysis and antitrust implications. The Free Press, New YorkWood DJ, Gray B (1991) Towards a comprehensive theory of collaboration. J Appl Behav Sci 27:139–162World Travel & Tourism Council (2016) Economic Impact 2016 Spain, p 3. http://www.wttc.org/-/media/files/reports/economic%20impact%20research/countries%202016/spain2016.pdf . Consulted in 2016Zapata MJ, Hall CM (2012) Public–private collaboration in the tourist sector: balancing legitimacy and effectiveness in local tourism partnerships. The Spanish case. J Policy Res Tour Leisure Events 4(1):61–8

Computed and Experimental Chemical Shift Parameters for Rigid and Flexible YAF Peptides in the Solid State

DFT methods were employed to compute the ¹³C NMR chemical shift tensor (CST) parameters for crystals of YAF peptides (Tyr-Ala-Phe) with different stereochemistry for the Ala residue. Tyr-d-Ala-Phe <b>1</b> crystallizes in the <i>C</i>2 space group while Tyr- l-Ala-Phe crystallizes in either the <i>P</i>2₁2₁2 space group (<b>2a</b>) or the <i>P</i>6₅ space group (<b>2b</b>). PISEMA MAS measurements for samples with a natural abundance of ¹H and ¹³C nuclei and ²H QUADECHO experiments for samples with deuterium labeled aromatic rings were used to analyze the geometry and time scale of the molecular motion. At ambient temperature, the tyrosine ring of sample <b>1</b> is rigid and the phenylalanine ring undergoes a π-jump, both rings in sample <b>2a</b> are static, and both rings in sample <b>2b</b> undergo a fast regime exchange. The theoretical values of the CST were obtained for isolated molecules (IM) and clusters employing the ONIOM approach. The experimental ¹³C δ_ii parameters for all of the samples were measured via a 2D PASS sequence. Significant scatter of the computed versus the experimental ¹³C CST parameters was observed for <b>1</b> and <b>2b,</b> while the observed correlation was very good for <b>2a</b>. In this report, we show that the quality of the ¹³C σ_ii/¹³C δ_ii correlations, when properly interpreted, can be a source of important information about local molecular motions

Establishing Accurate High-Resolution Crystal Structures in the Absence of Diffraction Data and Single Crystals—An NMR Approach

Predicting accurate crystal structures from theoretical consideration has proven to be remarkably challenging. Although significant progress has been made and numerous approaches have now been investigated, selection of the correct structure as the first choice in blind studies is still rarely achieved. Here a process is described that consistently identifies the correct structure from the myriad candidates created from typical crystal structure prediction software. This approach relies on 13C solid-state NMR data and a secondary refinement process that includes lattice fields. Four structures are considered, and in all cases the correct structure is selected as the first choice and the only statistically feasible candidate. Data from 13C chemical shift tensor principal values are found to provide better selectivity, but 13C isotropic shifts also consistently identify the correct structure. This process involves only experimental NMR data and computer-generated structures, yet the structures created appear to rival the accuracy of structures derived from single crystal diffraction methods including single crystal neutron diffraction. © 2013 American Chemical Society

The H-Bonding Network of Acylguanidine Complexes: Combined Intermolecular 2hJH,P and 3hJN,P Scalar Couplings Provide an Insight into the Geometric Arrangement

The H-bonding networks of arginines and acylguanidines are crucial for many biological and pharmaceutical interactions. However, the effect of acylation of guanidines on the binding mode and the H-bond strengths has not yet been explored in solution. Therefore, the H-bonding network of a 15N labeled acylguanidine derivative in a bisphosphonate arginine receptor is investigated. The direct NMR detection of 1D, 2D, and 3D correlations caused by 2hJH,P and, for the first time in nonbiomacromolecules, 3hJN,P couplings, allows for the geometric analysis of the H-bonding network and indicates an end-on binding mode with two different POH angles. The acylguanidine adopts the same binding mode as the corresponding guanidine but forms significantly stronger H-bonds. This may explain the success of acylguanidine ligands in medicinal chemistry applications