81 research outputs found
Ăvaluation des habiletĂ©s de vie autonome chez les personnes psychotiques
Ce texte dĂ©taille les caractĂ©ristiques mĂ©trologiques de l'Ăchelle des habiletĂ©s de Vie Autonome (EHVA) mesurant les habiletĂ©s requises chez des personnes psychotiques, pour fonctionner de façon autonome au sein de la communautĂ©. Ce questionnaire, qui comprend 65 items rĂ©partis en dix Ă©chelles d'habiletĂ©s, a Ă©tĂ© administrĂ© Ă 276 personnes psychotiques. Les rĂ©sultats indiquent que, dans l'ensemble, la fidĂ©litĂ© de cet instrument est bonne, mesurĂ©e par l'accord interjuges et les coefficients alpha. Trois des 10 Ă©chelles, soit les Ă©chelles DĂ©placement, Recherche d'emploi et Maintien de l'emploi, n'ont pu ĂȘtre conservĂ©es dans la version finale. Les quatre aspects de la validitĂ© examinĂ©s dans cette Ă©tude se rĂ©vĂšlent trĂšs satisfaisants; il s'agit du degrĂ© de convergence entre l'Ă©valuation faite par les participants eux-mĂȘmes et par un membre du personnel soignant, des analyses discriminantes, des corrĂ©lations convergentes-divergentes avec d'autres instruments de mesure du fonctionnement psychosocial et de l'analyse factorielle exploratoire. AprĂšs ces analyses, la version finale de l'EHVA comprend 48 items rĂ©partis sous sept Ă©chelles. La discussion fait ressortir les qualitĂ©s psychomĂ©triques d'un tel instrument en langue française et suggĂšre des pistes de recherche pour poursuivre le dĂ©veloppement de l'EHVA.This article studies in detail the metrological characteristics of the "Autonomous Life Skills Test" ("Echelle des HabiletĂ©s de Vie Autonome" or "EHVA") which measures the skills required of psychotic patients to function on their own in the community. The questionnaire, distributed to 276 psychotic patients, made use of 10 parameters of skills broken down into 65 items. Results show that, overall, this instrument is quite reliable, as measured by the inter-rater reliability and alpha coefficients. Three of the ten parameters, namely Mobility, Employment Search and Employment Holding, were not retained in the final version. The four validity aspects were found to be very satisfactory, namely the degree of convergence between the participant's self-evaluation and the evaluation provided by healthcare personnel, (discriminating analysis), convergent-divergent correlations with other instruments measuring psychosocial functioning and the exploratory factorial analysis. Following these analysis, the final version of the "EHVA" includes 48 items covering seven parameters. A discussion of results underscores the psychometric qualities of such a French-language instrument and suggests avenues to pursue the development of the "EHVA"
Robert Dion, Frances Fortier, Barbara Havercroft, Hans-JĂŒrgen LĂŒseBrink, dirs, Vies en rĂ©cit. Formes littĂ©raires et mĂ©diatiques de la biographie et de lâautobiographie
Ce collectif est une version peaufinĂ©e des contributions issues du colloque Formes hĂ©tĂ©rodoxes de lâauto/biographie : littĂ©raire, histoire, mĂ©dias organisĂ© Ă lâUniversitĂ© du QuĂ©bec Ă MontrĂ©al en mai 2004. La problĂ©matique dâune si vaste mais profonde rĂ©flexion transparaĂźt dĂšs lâintroduction de la livraison : « Si le statut du sujet reste peu problĂ©matique dans les rĂ©alisations tĂ©lĂ©visuelles visant le grand public, il en va autrement dans des Ćuvres significatives rĂ©centes, quâelles soient lit..
Zakaria Lingane, Mémoire et génocides au XXe siÚcle
Comment comprendre le crime de gĂ©nocideâŻÂ ? Peut-on expliquer ce crime hors du communâŻÂ ? Comment le distinguer dâautres massacres de masse ou de crimes contre lâhumanitĂ©âŻÂ ? Si ce ne sont ni lâampleur ni la forme dâune tuerie qui en font un gĂ©nocide, comment le dĂ©finirâŻÂ ? Pourquoi le XXe siĂšcle a-t-il Ă©tĂ© qualifiĂ© de « âŻsiĂšcle des gĂ©nocidesâŻÂ »âŻÂ ? Peut-on vĂ©ritablement prĂ©venir le gĂ©nocideâŻÂ ? Quelle place consacrer au « âŻdevoir de mĂ©moireâŻÂ » pour quâil ne se reproduise pasâŻÂ ? Tel est lâĂ©cheveau ..
Ute Fendler, Hans-JĂŒrgen LĂŒsebrink, Christoph Vatter, dirs, Francophonie et globalisation culturelle. Politique, mĂ©dias, littĂ©ratures
Le collectif Francophonie et globalisation culturelle. Politique, mĂ©dias, littĂ©ratures sâintĂ©resse aux avatars de la mondialisation en lien avec la francophonie, et Ă la maniĂšre dont la globalisation culturelle est vĂ©cue en France, au Canada et en Afrique francophone. En 288 pages, lâouvrage se dĂ©ploie selon trois axes Ă©quilibrĂ©s : les discours politico- culturels, la presse et les littĂ©ratures, les cultures populaires et les nouveaux mĂ©dias. Dans le premier axe, Kian-Harald Karimi (pp. 17-38..
Lâanimal : agent du biopouvoir dans lâimaginaire postcolonial Alain Cyr Pangop Kameni et HervĂ© Tchumkam
This article seeks to understand the status of the animal and its relation to biopolitics in postcolonial fiction. Going beyond and against Graham Hugganâs notion of âpostcolonial exoticâ, the analysis of the relation between human and animal is twofold: first, describe and interpret the mechanisms of power, and second, show how the figure of the beast which is at the center of political struggle and social conflict makes more complex the understanding of the âdiscipline and punishâ in postcolonial contexts. Ultimately, drawing on the study of selected novels and drama, the aim of this paper is to show that the presence of animals in postcolonial fiction is consistent with the methods of controls of citizens by political power
Improving The Effectiveness Of Human Resources Practices Through Transforming Care At The Bedside
In 2010, in an effort to increase patient involvement in decision-making about health care redesign, a Quebec university health care organization implemented the Transforming Care at the Bedside (TCAB). This article presents the results from a qualitative study exploring health professionalsâ perceptions of TCAB and the effect on turnover and overtime. This descriptive, qualitative study utilized focus groups, individual interviews, and a review of administrative documents for data collection. Participants included hospital workers from five units implementing TCAB. The data generated by the interviews and focus groups were analyzed using NVivo with the method proposed by Miles and Huberman (1994). During the first year of implementation of TCAB, the team noted the importance of taking time to see the effects of the changes and thereby facilitate the involvement of other team members. A number of TCAB team members also cited communication as a facilitating element for informing team members of changes. According to the participants, the TCAB strategies that were implemented have had a positive impact on practice and on the work environment, and turnover showed an improvement. There was no change in absenteeism. TCAB has the potential to impact not only nursesâ work, but interprofessional team work as well, through changes that involve everyone. Future research should focus on how to support team members to reduce resistance to change and increase social support in order to implement and sustain changes.
An extremely radioresistant green eukaryote for radionuclide bio-decontamination in the nuclear industry
International audienceNuclear activities generate radioactive elements which require processes for their decontamination. Although biological remediation has proved efficient in industrial applications, no biotechnology solution is currently operational for highly radioactive media. Such a solution requires organisms that accumulate radionuclides while withstanding radioactivity. This paper describes the potentialities of an extremophile autotrophic eukaryote, Coccomyxa actinabiotis nov. sp., that we isolated from a nuclear facility and which withstands huge ionizing radiation doses, up to 20,000 Gy. Half the population survives 10,000 Gy, which is comparable to the hyper-radioresistant wellknown prokaryote Deinococcus radiodurans. Cell metabolic profile investigated by nuclear magnetic resonance was hardly affected by radiation doses of up to 10,000 Gy. Cellular functioning completely recovered within a few days. This outstanding microalga also strongly accumulates radionuclides, including 238U, 137Cs, 110mAg, 60Co, 54Mn, 65Zn, and 14C (decontamination above 85% in 24 h, concentration factor, 1,000-450,000 mL g-1 fresh weight). In 1 h, the microalga revealed as effective as the conventional physico-chemical ion-exchangers to purify nuclear effluents. Using this organism, an efficient real-scale radionuclide bio-decontamination process was performed in a nuclear fuel storage pool with an important reduction of waste volume compared to the usual physico-chemical process. The feasibility of new decontamination solutions for the nuclear industry and for environmental clean-up operations is demonstrated
Psychological distress among hospital caregivers during and after the first wave of COVID-19: Individual factors involved in the severity of symptoms expression
Coronavirus disease 2019 has spread rapidly over the globe and has put an unprecedent psychological pressure on
health care workers (HCWs). The present study aimed at quantifying the psychological consequences of the
COVID-19 pandemic on HCWs during and after the first wave and identify sociodemographic, situational, and
psychological risk/protective factors for symptoms severity. An online survey was sent by e-mail to all nurses and
physicians employed by a teaching hospital in Brussels, Belgium. 542 (20,62%) completed the survey. 47%, 55%,
32% and 52% of participants reported posttraumatic stress, anxiety, depression and insomnia symptoms,
respectively, during the peak. Two to three months later, posttraumatic symptoms emerged de novo in 54% of
HCWs. It persisted in 89% of those presenting severe symptoms initially. Neuroticism was the strongest predictor
of posttraumatic stress, anxiety, and insomnia. Work overload was the strongest predictor of depression and
second predictor of posttraumatic stress, anxiety, and insomnia. Other significant predictors included being a
nurse, the number of past traumatic experiences, avoidant coping style, and expressive suppression of emotion
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