Estrategias didácticas del área de comunicación en aulas inclusivas de primaria en una institución educativa particular y pública, Trujillo – 2018

El estudio de investigación tuvo como objetivo comparar e identificar las Estrategias Didácticas que utilizan los docentes en el área de comunicación en un aula inclusiva en la Institución Educativa Particular “San Martin de Porres” e Institución Educativa Publica N.º 81004 La Unión Trujillo – 2018, la población estuvo conformada por 6 docentes de la Institución Educativa Particular y 12 de la Institución pública del distrito de Trujillo. La muestra fue poblacional ya que se tomaron los 18 docentes. El instrumento de investigación para la recolección de datos fue el cuestionario de estrategias didácticas utilizadas por los docentes en el área de comunicación nivel de primaria El instrumento de investigación para la recolección de datos fue el cuestionario de estrategias didácticas utilizadas por los docentes en el área de comunicación nivel de primaria, adaptado del cuestionario de Nuñez (2015), ver Ficha técnica. Se calcularon los estadísticos descriptivos de ambos grupos, se compararon en general y particularmente dimensión por dimensión, finalmente se contrastaron mediante la prueba t de student para verificar la validez de las hipótesis. Los resultados mostraron que en general existe una tendencia a responder las preguntas de forma bastante similar en ambos colegios. En ambos colegios la dimensión que más se destacó fue la del enfoque metodológico, con una media de 83% para el colegio San martín y 89% para el colegio la unión. El colegio La Unión ha obtenido mayores puntuaciones en la frecuencia de uso de la dimensión Enfoques metodológicos (6% de diferencia absoluta), recursos materiales de soporte para la enseñanza (1% de diferencia absoluta) y en la variable Estrategias didácticas, en general 2% de diferencia absoluta. El Colegio San Martín de Porres ha obtenido una mejor puntuación en la dimensión de organización de la enseñanza con un 2% sobre el obtenido por el colegio Unión. En cuanto a la prueba de hipótesis, la prueba de Levene nos da un valor de 0.858 por lo que podemos asumir que las varianzas son iguales, con lo que p quedó definido con el valor p=0.375> 0.05, de manera que se acepta la hipótesis nula que establece que NO hay una diferencia significativa en los valores obtenidos en la frecuencia de uso de las Estrategias Didácticas entre los colegios San Martín de Porres y Unión.Tesi

The origin of the negative torque density in disk-satellite interaction

Tidal interaction between a gaseous disk and a massive orbiting perturber is known to result in angular momentum exchange between them. Understanding astrophysical manifestations of this coupling such as gap opening by planets in protoplanetary disks or clearing of gas by binary supermassive black holes (SMBHs) embedded in accretion disks requires knowledge of the spatial distribution of the torque exerted on the disk by a perturber. Recent hydrodynamical simulations by Dong et al (2011) have shown evidence for the tidal torque density produced in a uniform disk to change sign at the radial separation of $\approx 3.2$ scale heights from the perturber's orbit, in clear conflict with the previous studies. To clarify this issue we carry out a linear calculation of the disk-satellite interaction putting special emphasis on understanding the behavior of the perturbed fluid variables in physical space. Using analytical as well as numerical methods we confirm the reality of the negative torque density phenomenon and trace its origin to the overlap of Lindblad resonances in the vicinity of the perturber's orbit - an effect not accounted for in previous studies. These results suggest that calculations of the gap and cavity opening in disks by planets and binary SMBHs should rely on more realistic torque density prescriptions than the ones used at present.Comment: 18 pages, 6 figures, accepted to Ap

Exercise and the Timing of Snack Choice: Healthy Snack Choice is Reduced in the Post-Exercise State

Acute exercise can induce either a compensatory increase in food intake or a reduction in food intake, which results from appetite suppression in the post-exercise state. The timing of food choice—choosing for immediate or later consumption—has been found to influence the healthfulness of foods consumed. To examine both of these effects, we tested in our study whether the timing of food choice interacts with exposure to exercise to impact food choices such that choices would differ when made prior to or following an exercise bout. Visitors to a university recreational center were equipped with an accelerometer prior to their habitual workout regime, masking the true study purpose. As a reward, participants were presented with a snack for consumption after workout completion. Participants made their snack choice from either an apple or chocolate brownie after being pseudo-randomly assigned to choose prior to (“before”) or following workout completion (“after”). Complete data were available for 256 participants (54.7% male, 22.1 ± 3.1 years, 24.7 ± 3.7 kg/m2) who exercised 65.3 ± 22.5 min/session. When compared with “before,” the choice of an apple decreased (73.7% vs. 54.6%) and the choices of brownie (13.9% vs. 20.2%) or no snack (12.4% vs. 25.2%) increased in the “after” condition (X2 = 26.578, p \u3c 0.001). Our results provide support for both compensatory eating and exercise-induced anorexia. More importantly, our findings suggest that the choice of food for post-exercise consumption can be altered through a simple behavioral intervention

Exercise and the Timing of Snack Choice: Healthy Snack Choice is Reduced in the Post-Exercise State

Acute exercise can induce either a compensatory increase in food intake or a reduction in food intake, which results from appetite suppression in the post-exercise state. The timing of food choice—choosing for immediate or later consumption—has been found to influence the healthfulness of foods consumed. To examine both of these effects, we tested in our study whether the timing of food choice interacts with exposure to exercise to impact food choices such that choices would differ when made prior to or following an exercise bout. Visitors to a university recreational center were equipped with an accelerometer prior to their habitual workout regime, masking the true study purpose. As a reward, participants were presented with a snack for consumption after workout completion. Participants made their snack choice from either an apple or chocolate brownie after being pseudo-randomly assigned to choose prior to (“before”) or following workout completion (“after”). Complete data were available for 256 participants (54.7% male, 22.1 ± 3.1 years, 24.7 ± 3.7 kg/m2) who exercised 65.3 ± 22.5 min/session. When compared with “before,” the choice of an apple decreased (73.7% vs. 54.6%) and the choices of brownie (13.9% vs. 20.2%) or no snack (12.4% vs. 25.2%) increased in the “after” condition (X2 = 26.578, p \u3c 0.001). Our results provide support for both compensatory eating and exercise-induced anorexia. More importantly, our findings suggest that the choice of food for post-exercise consumption can be altered through a simple behavioral intervention

Calzado modular para niños de 4 a 8 años en Lima Metropolitana

La propuesta en curso busca evaluar la viabilidad en la comercialización de calzados modulares para niños entre 4 a 8 años en Lima Metropolitana. Dentro de la investigación se podrá identificar que los niños, en ese rango de edad, tienden a crecer y desarrollarse rápidamente, por lo que deberán renovar todo el calzado una o dos veces al año. Estos cambios obligan a los padres de familia a tener un gasto representativo que se repite constantemente por la compra del calzado para su hijo. Adicionalmente, se conocerá que los niños en ese rango son seguidores de los personajes de moda a través de programas de televisión, cine o plataformas digitales. Este factor se verá reflejado en el cambio de gustos y preferencias de manera permanente por parte de los niños. Los padres de familia no tomarán el riesgo de comprar un mal calzado para sus hijos, pues deben cuidar su salud y comodidad en el vestir, ya que al comprar un calzado de características poco confiables podrían exponerlos a lesiones o malas posturas en el pie, las cuales podrían tener consecuencias negativas en el crecimiento y desarrollo del niño. Un gran porcentaje de las marcas posicionadas en el mercado usan insumos sintéticos y son bienes importados, en su mayoría, originarios de China y cuentan con un precio elevado por el valor de la marca. La propuesta del presente plan de negocios de zapatos modulares para niños entre 4 a 8 años contará con un skin intercambiable con diseños de moda y propios que les permitirá a los padres de familia, al momento de realizar la compra generar un ahorro y satisfacer la necesidad del niño de contar con calzado de sus personajes favoritos de moda. El plan de negocios posee un valor actual neto económico y financiero positivo, en relación con la tasa interna de retorno, esta supera los costos de capital exigidos por los accionistas y prestamistas, de este modo el plan de negocios es financieramente viable, económicamente rentable y el periodo de recuperación de la inversión será para el tercer año. Para el negocio se necesitará una inversión inicial de S/ 282,380 soles, monto que será generado en un 50% por financiamiento propio y el 50% restante será solicitado a una institución financiera con una tasa de interés de 15% anual. Así mismo, en el segundo año se hará un aporte de capital de S/ 300,000 soles de nuevos inversionistas. De acuerdo con el análisis económico se estima un VANE de S/. 715,568 soles una TIR del 55% considerando un WACC de 13.65% y según el análisis financiero se logra un VANF de S/. 639,753 soles, una TIR de 71% considerando un COK de 16.73%. Con relación al mercado objetivo se centra en la zona geográfica Lima Metropolitana clasificada, según la Compañía Peruana de Estudios de Mercados y Opinión Pública, en base a una población y hogares de padres de familia entre 31 a 45 años de nivel socioeconómico A/B y C, con hijos entre los 4 a 8 años. De acuerdo con las encuestas realizadas se obtuvo un mercado objetivo de 992,000 mil hogares cada uno de ellos con un hijo. Para el presente negocio se proyecta un crecimiento anual de 0.50%; 0.83%; 1.24%; 1.48%; 1.71% de participación de mercado que se verá reflejado en el incremento de ventas. A través de la investigación en curso y un riguroso análisis de mercado se asume que el producto contará con el reconocimiento debido, tomando en cuenta la no existencia de calzados modulares para niños en el mercado peruano. Por ello, se espera penetrar en el mercado y, en especial, al público objetivo comprendido entre padres de familia que tienen menores entre los 4 y 8 años.Trabajo de investigaciónCampus Lima Centr

The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: Millimeter Observations of a Population of Asteroids or: ACTeroids

We present fluxes and light curves for a population of asteroids at millimeter (mm) wavelengths, detected by the Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT) over 18, 000 deg2 of the sky using data from 2017 to 2021. We utilize high cadence maps, which can be used in searching for moving objects such as asteroids and trans-Neptunian Objects (TNOs), as well as for studying transients. We detect 160 asteroids with a signal-to-noise of at least 5 in at least one of the ACT observing bands, which are centered near 90, 150, and 220 GHz. For each asteroid, we compare the ACT measured flux to predicted fluxes from the Near Earth Asteroid Thermal Model (NEATM) fit to WISE data. We confirm previous results that detected a deficit of flux at millimeter wavelengths. Moreover, we report a spectral characteristic to this deficit, such that the flux is relatively lower at 150 and 220 GHz than at 90 GHz. Additionally, we find that the deficit in flux is greater for S-type asteroids than for C-type.Comment: 15 pages, 9 Figures, 4 Table

Correlates of overall and central obesity in adults from seven European countries: findings from the Food4Me Study

To identify predictors of obesity in adults and investigate to what extent these predictors are independent of other major confounding factors. Data collected at baseline from 1441 participants from the Food4Me study conducted in seven European countries were included in this study. A food frequency questionnaire was used to measure dietary intake. Accelerometers were used to assess physical activity levels (PA), whereas participants self-reported their body weight, height and waist circumference via the internet. The main factors associated (p < 0.05) with higher BMI per 1-SD increase in the exposure were age (β:1.11 kg/m2), intakes of processed meat (β:1.04 kg/m2), red meat (β:1.02 kg/m2), saturated fat (β:0.84 kg/m2), monounsaturated fat (β:0.80 kg/m2), protein (β:0.74 kg/m2), total energy intake (β:0.50 kg/m2), olive oil (β:0.36 kg/m2), sugar sweetened carbonated drinks (β:0.33 kg/m2) and sedentary time (β:0.73 kg/m2). In contrast, the main factors associated with lower BMI per 1-SD increase in the exposure were PA (β:-1.36 kg/m2), intakes of wholegrains (β:-1.05 kg/m2), fibre (β:-1.02 kg/m2), fruits and vegetables (β:-0.52 kg/m2), nuts (β:-0.52 kg/m2), polyunsaturated fat (β:-0.50 kg/m2), Healthy Eating Index (β:-0.42 kg/m2), Mediterranean diet score (β:-0.40 kg/m2), oily fish (β:-0.31 kg/m2), dairy (β:-0.31 kg/m2) and fruit juice (β:-0.25 kg/m2). These findings are important for public health and suggest that promotion of increased PA, reducing sedentary behaviours and improving the overall quality of dietary patterns are important strategies for addressing the existing obesity epidemic and associated disease burden

Aldosterone does not require angiotensin II to activate NCC through a WNK4–SPAK–dependent pathway

We and others have recently shown that angiotensin II can activate the sodium chloride cotransporter (NCC) through a WNK4–SPAK-dependent pathway. Because WNK4 was previously shown to be a negative regulator of NCC, it has been postulated that angiotensin II converts WNK4 to a positive regulator. Here, we ask whether aldosterone requires angiotensin II to activate NCC and if their effects are additive. To do so, we infused vehicle or aldosterone in adrenalectomized rats that also received the angiotensin receptor blocker losartan. In the presence of losartan, aldosterone was still capable of increasing total and phosphorylated NCC twofold to threefold. The kinases WNK4 and SPAK also increased with aldosterone and losartan. A dose-dependent relationship between aldosterone and NCC, SPAK, and WNK4 was identified, suggesting that these are aldosterone-sensitive proteins. As more functional evidence of increased NCC activity, we showed that rats receiving aldosterone and losartan had a significantly greater natriuretic response to hydrochlorothiazide than rats receiving losartan only. To study whether angiotensin II could have an additive effect, rats receiving aldosterone with losartan were compared with rats receiving aldosterone only. Rats receiving aldosterone only retained more sodium and had twofold to fourfold increase in phosphorylated NCC. Together, our results demonstrate that aldosterone does not require angiotensin II to activate NCC and that WNK4 appears to act as a positive regulator in this pathway. The additive effect of angiotensin II may favor electroneutral sodium reabsorption during hypovolemia and may contribute to hypertension in diseases with an activated renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system