Descriptive of Nutritional Anemia Incidence in Pregnant Women in the Working Area of Perumnas Health Center in District of Lahat

Background : Nutritional anemia is one of the four nutritional problems in Indonesia. Nutritional anemia often suffered by people, both children, adolescent of productive age, pregnant women or old people. Nutritional anemia in pregnancy is not only found in developing countries but also in developed countries. The reasons vary, from bleeding, iron deficiency, folic acid, vitamin B12, to hemolytic disorders. This study aims to determine nutritional anemia picture of events in pregnant women in the working area of Perumnas Health Center in District of Lahat 2009. Method : Descriptive survey using a cross-sectional research design. Population in this study was all pregnant women in the working area of Perumnas Health Center in District of Lahat, amounting to 80 people. The sample in this study is the entire population numbering 80 people. Primary data colletion is done by using the tools of angket, while secondary data obtained through the relevant documents. Result : The possible risk factors for the occurrence of anemia is a pregnant women age > 35 years, low education, work, level of risk parity (≥ 4 times), the distance risk pregnancies (< 2 years), age III trimester of pregnancy, family income < UMP and never consume Fe tablets. All of these factors associated with lack of nutritional knowledge. Conclusion : Lack of nutritional knowledge are intimately associated with the incidence of anemia. This research suggested the need to do intensive counseling to pregnant women and health workers are expected to be able to provide information about nutrition in pregnant women

Microsociolog?a de las pr?cticas pedag?gicas y did?cticas que constituyen al docente universitario

145 p. Recurso Electr?nicoSe busca dar cuenta, con base en las pr?cticas pedag?gicas y did?cticas del docente de la Universidad del Tolima, de qu? manera es factible constituir una microsociolog?a acerca del docente universitario, para la construcci?n del sujeto docente de la instituci?n. Se toma en cuenta la filiaci?n del docente-instituci?n, docente-estudiantes y lo relacionado con su cotidianidad como maestro. Se toman investigaciones con: Arias (2104), Barr?n (2009), Mart?nez (s.f.), Zuluaga (1999), Rodr?guez (2102), De Vincenzi (2012) y Four?s (2011). Estas son reflexiones que se han encaminado al docente en la Educaci?n Superior colombiana particularmente es id?nea, porque amplia la visi?n referente a las pr?cticas pedag?gicas y las did?cticas aplicada a docentes de la Universidad del Tolima. En la actualidad, la universidad carecer de un estudio detallado y en profundidad que muestre las maneras como se produce una Microsociolog?a apoyada en la mirada de la formaci?n pedag?gica y did?ctica de sus docentes. Esto responde, probablemente, al hecho de que la formaci?n pedag?gica y did?ctica de los docentes universitarios no ha sido tema de preocupaci?n o fundamental para el sistema educativo de nivel superior y universitario, como lo muestran D?az (2000), P?rez (2015), Imbern?n (2011), Zabalza (2011), Villegas (2008), Guisti (2007) y Ion & Cano (2012) presentes en el marco te?rico que sustenta esta investigaci?n. Se us? la Arqueologia, entendida como caja de herramientas -en perspectiva foucaultina- y de la Genealog?a, con el fin de proveer an?lisis alternativos/de bordes, que permiten ver las diversas fuerzas intervinientes en el hecho social que nos ocupa.It seeks to account, based on the pedagogical and educational practices of teaching at the University of Tolima, how feasible to constitute a microsociology about the university of Tolima teacher, for the construction of teacher?s subject of the institution. It takes into account the affiliation of teacher-institution, teacher-students and related to their daily lives as a teacher. Arias (2104), Barr?n (2009), Martinez (S. F.), Zuluaga (1999), Rodriguez (2102), De Vincenzi (2012) and Four?s (2011): Researches made. These reflections have been directed to the teaching in Colombian Higher Education is particularly suitable, because it extends the vision concerning pedagogical practices and the didactics applied over teacher from the University of Tolima. Currently, the university lacks of a detailed and in-depth study showing the ways about how is produced a microsociology supported in sight of the teacher academic training and the teachers teaching. This answers, probably, to the fact that the teacher training of university teachers has not been the subject of concern or fundamental to the educational system of higher and university level, as shown by Diaz (2000), Perez (2015), Imbern?n (2011), Zabalza (2011), Villegas (2008), Giusti (2007) and Ion & Cano (2012) present at the theoretical framework supporting this research. the ARCHAEOLOGY used, understood as a toolbox-in perspective foucaultina- and Genealogy, in order to provide alternative analysis / edges, which allow to see the various forces involved in the social fact in question. Keywords: Microsociology, education and teaching practices, teaching, education, identity

Brucella melitensis VjbR and C12-HSL regulons: contributions of the N-dodecanoyl homoserine lactone signaling molecule and LuxR homologue VjbR to gene expression

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Quorum sensing is a communication system that regulates gene expression in response to population density and often regulates virulence determinants. Deletion of the <it>luxR </it>homologue <it>vjbR </it>highly attenuates intracellular survival of <it>Brucella melitensis </it>and has been interpreted to be an indication of a role for QS in <it>Brucella </it>infection. Confirmation for such a role was suggested, but not confirmed, by the demonstrated <it>in vitro </it>synthesis of an auto-inducer (AI) by <it>Brucella </it>cultures. In an effort to further delineate the role of VjbR to virulence and survival, gene expression under the control of VjbR and AI was characterized using microarray analysis.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Analyses of wildtype <it>B. melitensis </it>and isogenic Δ<it>vjbR </it>transciptomes, grown in the presence and absence of exogenous <it>N</it>-dodecanoyl homoserine lactone (C₁₂-HSL), revealed a temporal pattern of gene regulation with variances detected at exponential and stationary growth phases. Comparison of VjbR and C₁₂-HSL transcriptomes indicated the shared regulation of 127 genes with all but 3 genes inversely regulated, suggesting that C₁₂-HSL functions via VjbR in this case to reverse gene expression at these loci. Additional analysis using a Δ<it>vjbR </it>mutant revealed that AHL also altered gene expression in the absence of VjbR, up-regulating expression of 48 genes and a <it>luxR </it>homologue <it>blxR </it>93-fold at stationary growth phase. Gene expression alterations include previously un-described adhesins, proteases, antibiotic and toxin resistance genes, stress survival aids, transporters, membrane biogenesis genes, amino acid metabolism and transport, transcriptional regulators, energy production genes, and the previously reported <it>fliF </it>and <it>virB </it>operons.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>VjbR and C₁₂-HSL regulate expression of a large and diverse number of genes. Many genes identified as virulence factors in other bacterial pathogens were found to be differently expressed, suggesting an important contribution to intracellular survival of <it>Brucella</it>. From these data, we conclude that VjbR and C₁₂-HSL contribute to virulence and survival by regulating expression of virulence mechanisms and thus controlling the ability of the bacteria to survive within the host cell. A likely scenario occurs via QS, however, operation of such a mechanism remains to be demonstrated.</p

A species independent universal bio-detection microarray for pathogen forensics and phylogenetic classification of unknown microorganisms

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The ability to differentiate a bioterrorist attack or an accidental release of a research pathogen from a naturally occurring pandemic or disease event is crucial to the safety and security of this nation by enabling an appropriate and rapid response. It is critical in samples from an infected patient, the environment, or a laboratory to quickly and accurately identify the precise pathogen including natural or engineered variants and to classify new pathogens in relation to those that are known. Current approaches for pathogen detection rely on prior genomic sequence information. Given the enormous spectrum of genetic possibilities, a field deployable, robust technology, such as a universal (any species) microarray has near-term potential to address these needs.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>A new and comprehensive sequence-independent array (Universal Bio-Signature Detection Array) was designed with approximately 373,000 probes. The main feature of this array is that the probes are computationally derived and sequence independent. There is one probe for each possible 9-mer sequence, thus 4⁹(262,144) probes. Each genome hybridized on this array has a unique pattern of signal intensities corresponding to each of these probes. These signal intensities were used to generate an un-biased cluster analysis of signal intensity hybridization patterns that can easily distinguish species into accepted and known phylogenomic relationships. Within limits, the array is highly sensitive and is able to detect synthetically mixed pathogens. Examples of unique hybridization signal intensity patterns are presented for different <it>Brucella </it>species as well as relevant host species and other pathogens. These results demonstrate the utility of the UBDA array as a diagnostic tool in pathogen forensics.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>This pathogen detection system is fast, accurate and can be applied to any species. Hybridization patterns are unique to a specific genome and these can be used to decipher the identity of a mixed pathogen sample and can separate hosts and pathogens into their respective phylogenomic relationships. This technology can also differentiate between different species and classify genomes into their known clades. The development of this technology will result in the creation of an integrated biomarker-specific bio-signature, multiple select agent specific detection system.</p

KAJIAN PELAKSANAAN PELAYANAN KESEHATAN TERHADAP NARAPIDANA DI KLINIK KESEHATAN RUMAH TAHANAN NEGARA KELAS IIB KOTA KOTAMOBAGU

Pelaksanaan pelayanan kesehatan merupakan suatu upaya dalam memenuhi hak-hak setiap orang yang dijamin dalam undang-undang 1945 untuk melakukan peningkatan derajat kesehatan baik perseorangan, kelompok maupun masyarakat secara keseluruhan. Rumah Tahanan Negara (rutan) Klas IIB Kota Kotamobagu menyediakan klinik kesehatan untuk memberikan pelayanan kesehatan kepada narapidana. Namun pelaksanaan pelayanan kesehatan yang diberikan belum berjalan sesuai dengan standar pelayanan minimal yang telah ditetapkan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana pelaksanaan pelayanan kesehatan terhadap narapidana di klinik kesehatan rutan klas IIB Kota Kotamobagu. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian kualitatif. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Rutan Klas IIB Kota Kotamobagu pada bulan Juni-Agustus 2017. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui wawancara dan observasi dokumen. Informan dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 5 orang yang terdiri dari Pengelolah Klinik Kesehatan, Kepala Rutan Klas IIB Kota Kotamobagu, Kasubsi Pelayanan Tahanan, Penanggungjawab Klinik Kesehatan dan narapidana. Data diperoleh dari data primer dan data sekunder. Hasil penelitian ini adalah tenaga kesehatan yang ada di rutan hanya terdiri dari 1 orang bidan yang merupakan pegawai rutan dan 1 orang perawat yang diperbantukan dari dinas kesehatan. Sarana dan prasarana yang ada terdiri dari 1 ruangan pemeriksaan yang juga merangkap ruang kantor dan ruang pengambilan obat dengan 1 buah tempat tidur, obat-obatan, alat kesehatan dan 1 buah tabung oksigen. Pelayanan kesehatan di klinik kesehatan rutan belum memiliki aturan tertulis untuk seluruh proses kegiatan pelayanan kesehatan. Pelaksanaan pelayanan kesehatan di rutan belum berjalan maksimal dilihat dari pelayanan yang diberikan kepada narapidana karena berbagai faktor seperti kurangnya tenaga kesehatan serta keterbatasan alat-alat kesehatan dan obat-obatan.Kata Kunci : Pelaksanaan Pelayanan Kesehatan, Narapidana, Rumah Tahanan NegaraABSTRACTImplementation of health care is an attempt to fulfill the rights of every person are guaranteed by law in 1945 to improve health status either individuals, groups and society as a whole. State Prison (Prison) Class IIB Kotamobagu provides a health clinic to provide health services to inmates. However, the implementation of the health services provided has not been run in accordance with minimum service standards that have been set. The purpose of this study was to determine how the implementation of health care to inmates at the prison medical clinic class IIB Kotamobagu. This type of research is qualitative research. The research was conducted in State Prison Class IIB Kotamobagu in June-August 2017. The data was collected through interviews and observation documents. Informants in this study amounted to 5 comprising Business’s Health Clinic, Head of the State Prison Class IIB Kotamobagu City, Head of Custody Services, Responsible Health Clinic and prisoners. Data obtained from the primary data and secondary data. The results of this research are health workers in the crease only consists of one midwife who are employees of the crease and 1 nurse seconded from the health department. Existing facilities and infrastructure that consists of one room which also doubles examination office space and space taking the drug with 1 piece of bed, pharmaceuticals, medical devices and 1 tube of oxygen. Health care in prison health clinics do not yet have a written rule for the whole process of health service activities. Implementation of health care in prison not running optimally viewed from services provided to inmates due to various factors such as the lack of health workers as well as the limitations of medical equipment and medicines.Keywords : Implementation of Health Services, Inmates, the State Priso

Acute Demyelinating Disease after Oral Therapy with Herbal Extracts

Central nervous system demyelinating processes such as multiple sclerosis and acute disseminated encephalomyelitis constitute a group of diseases not completely understood in their physiopathology. Environmental and toxic insults are thought to play a role in priming autoimmunity. The aim of the present report is to describe a case of acute demyelinating disease with fatal outcome occurring 15 days after oral exposure to herbal extracts

Inhibitory Role of Notch1 in Calcific Aortic Valve Disease

Aortic valve calcification is the most common form of valvular heart disease, but the mechanisms of calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD) are unknown. NOTCH1 mutations are associated with aortic valve malformations and adult-onset calcification in families with inherited disease. The Notch signaling pathway is critical for multiple cell differentiation processes, but its role in the development of CAVD is not well understood. The aim of this study was to investigate the molecular changes that occur with inhibition of Notch signaling in the aortic valve. Notch signaling pathway members are expressed in adult aortic valve cusps, and examination of diseased human aortic valves revealed decreased expression of NOTCH1 in areas of calcium deposition. To identify downstream mediators of Notch1, we examined gene expression changes that occur with chemical inhibition of Notch signaling in rat aortic valve interstitial cells (AVICs). We found significant downregulation of Sox9 along with several cartilage-specific genes that were direct targets of the transcription factor, Sox9. Loss of Sox9 expression has been published to be associated with aortic valve calcification. Utilizing an in vitro porcine aortic valve calcification model system, inhibition of Notch activity resulted in accelerated calcification while stimulation of Notch signaling attenuated the calcific process. Finally, the addition of Sox9 was able to prevent the calcification of porcine AVICs that occurs with Notch inhibition. In conclusion, loss of Notch signaling contributes to aortic valve calcification via a Sox9-dependent mechanism

Listen to genes : dealing with microarray data in the frequency domain

Background: We present a novel and systematic approach to analyze temporal microarray data. The approach includes normalization, clustering and network analysis of genes. Methodology: Genes are normalized using an error model based uniform normalization method aimed at identifying and estimating the sources of variations. The model minimizes the correlation among error terms across replicates. The normalized gene expressions are then clustered in terms of their power spectrum density. The method of complex Granger causality is introduced to reveal interactions between sets of genes. Complex Granger causality along with partial Granger causality is applied in both time and frequency domains to selected as well as all the genes to reveal the interesting networks of interactions. The approach is successfully applied to Arabidopsis leaf microarray data generated from 31,000 genes observed over 22 time points over 22 days. Three circuits: a circadian gene circuit, an ethylene circuit and a new global circuit showing a hierarchical structure to determine the initiators of leaf senescence are analyzed in detail. Conclusions: We use a totally data-driven approach to form biological hypothesis. Clustering using the power-spectrum analysis helps us identify genes of potential interest. Their dynamics can be captured accurately in the time and frequency domain using the methods of complex and partial Granger causality. With the rise in availability of temporal microarray data, such methods can be useful tools in uncovering the hidden biological interactions. We show our method in a step by step manner with help of toy models as well as a real biological dataset. We also analyse three distinct gene circuits of potential interest to Arabidopsis researchers

Friedrich Hayek and his visits to Chile

F. A. Hayek took two trips to Chile, the first in 1977, the second in 1981. The visits were controversial. On the first trip he met with General Augusto Pinochet, who had led a coup that overthrew Salvador Allende in 1973. During his 1981 visit, Hayek gave interviews that were published in the Chilean newspaper El Mercurio and in which he discussed authoritarian regimes and the problem of unlimited democracy. After each trip, he complained that the western press had painted an unfair picture of the economic situation under the Pinochet regime. Drawing on archival material, interviews, and past research, we provide a full account of this controversial episode in Hayek’s life

Hemangiopericytoma in the sacrococcygeal space: a case report

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Introduction</p> <p>A hemangiopericytoma is a rare, soft-tissue tumor of vascular origin derived from a pericyte of Zimmerman, which is a modified smooth muscle cell that surrounds the small blood vessels. Hemangiopericytomas can occur wherever there are vascular capillaries. However, there are no previous reports of a hemangiopericytoma in the sacrococcygeal space.</p> <p>Case presentation</p> <p>We describe the first reported case of a hemangiopericytoma found in the sacrococcygeal space. A 47-year-old Japanese woman presented with a palpable tumor on the left side of her anus. Preoperative imaging indicated that the tumor was in the sacrococcygeal space without invasion of other organs. A complete resection was performed via a parasacral incision. The histological and immunohistochemical staining patterns supported the diagnosis of a hemangiopericytoma.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>A complete resection without piecemeal excision is the best way to treat a hemangiopericytoma. Recognizing the presence of a hemangiopericytoma in the sacrococcygeal space requires appropriate surgery.</p