Premarital life plans during the transition to adulthood in the United States

This paper investigates attitudes that never married young adults (ages 17-24) hold about what is important to accomplish before getting married. Using data from the National Study of Youth and Religion (NSYR), I investigate how a range of socio-economic and demographic variables are related to a high degree of importance to particular achievements before marriage. I then provide in-depth narrative of premarital life-plans drawing on qualitative data from semi-structured interviews conducted with a subsample of NSYR survey respondents. As a result, the preparation for marriage is a diverse experience in which young adults form their strategies based on the combination and accumulation of three forms of capital: Human Capital, Identity Formation Capital, and Relationship Capital. The importance of each seems to be structured by important social institutions. Gender, religion, race/ethnicity, geographic location and family are schema-producing and help shaping what young adults think is necessary to be achieved before marriage.Master of Art

Composição domiciliar e desempenho acadêmico no ensino fundamental no Brasil

Children with divorced parents or children living in single-parent families are expected to achieve lower academic performance in standardized tests when compared to children living with two biological parents. Nevertheless, the mechanisms of those disparities remain poorly addressed in the Brazilian literature. We compared the performance of students in the 5th-grade at the elementary level using Saeb of 2017 for Mathematics and Portuguese. The main objective was to address the differences between students living with: mother and father; mother and social father; mother only or with aggregates; father and social mother; father only or with aggregates; and other arrangements. Children living with their mother and a social father or with both biological parents had higher performances. Nonetheless, differences became insignificant when controlled by school infrastructure and location, household´s socioeconomic status and household´s social interactions. The results highlight the need for public policies to strengthen school and family resources invested on academic learning to overcome the challenges imposed by the new family configurations on children´s achievement.Espera-se que crianças com pais divorciados ou que vivam em famílias monoparentais obtenham um desempenho académico inferior em testes padronizados quando comparadas com as crianças que vivem com os dois pais biológicos. No entanto, os mecanismos dessas disparidades permanecem pouco abordados na literatura brasileira. Comparamos o desempenho dos alunos do 5º ano do ensino fundamental em Matemática e Português utilizando o Saeb de 2017. O objetivo principal foi abordar as diferenças entre os alunos que viviam com: mãe e pai; mãe e padrasto; mãe somente ou com agregados; pai e madrasta; pai somente ou com agregados; e outros arranjos. As crianças que viviam com a mãe e padrasto ou com ambos os pais biológicos tiveram desempenhos superiores. No entanto, as diferenças tornaram-se não significantes quando controladas pela infra-estrutura e localização escolar, pelo nível socioeconómico do domicílio e pelas interacções sociais no domicílio. Os resultados destacam a necessidade de políticas públicas para fortalecer os recursos escolares e familiares investidos no aprendizado acadêmica das crianças para superar os desafios impostos pelas novas configurações familiares

The Impact of the Zika Epidemic on Women’s Reproductive Intentions and Behaviors in Brazil

This research brief reports on a focus group study that explores how and why the Zika virus affects reproductive processes in Brazil. The authors found that both reproductive intentions and behaviors changed as a result of the Zika epidemic among women from low and high socioeconomic status groups in two areas of Brazil. The authors argue that Brazilian health officials and policymakers should reduce barriers to contraceptive use, address longstanding disparities in reproductive health services that put low-income women at disproportionate risk of an unwanted pregnancy, legalize abortion, and show respect and support to women who actively pursue pregnancy during the Zika epidemic.Population Research Cente

A carne é fraca : religião, religiosidade e iniciação sexual entre estudantes do Ensino Médio na Região Metropolitana de Belo Horizonte, 2008

Exportado OPUSMade available in DSpace on 2019-08-13T20:28:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 raquel_zanatta_coutinho_2011.pdf: 862033 bytes, checksum: 061157063fac30cdfbe028850a659318 (MD5) Previous issue date: 10Esse estudo investiga a associação entre religião, religiosidade e iniciação sexual de adolescentes de 15 a 19 anos, homens e mulheres, estudantes do Ensino Médio de escolas estaduais, selecionadas nos municípios mineiros de Ribeirão das Neves, Belo Horizonte, Pedro Leopoldo e Esmeraldas. Os dados analisados nesse trabalho advêm da segunda rodada da primeira coorte da pesquisa amostral longitudinal Pesquisa Jovem, que foi financiada pela Secretaria de Estado de Desenvolvimento Social e Esportes de Minas Gerais (Sedese) e conduzida pelo Centro de Desenvolvimento e Planejamento Regional da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (Cedeplar/UFMG) em novembro de 2008. Foram comparadas algumas características sociodemográficas, educacionais, de estilo de vida e de sexualidade incluindo iniciação sexual de acordo com a participação religiosa (a qual combina denominação religiosa e frequência de participação nas atividades da igreja) de homens e mulheres (n=2658). As mesmas características foram, mais tarde, verificadas como fatores associados à iniciação sexual. As análises incluem estatísticas quantitativas descritivas e modelos de regressão logística univariados e multivariados. Os resultados das análises indicam forte associação entre filiação religiosa, frequência de ida aos cultos e celebrações reportada pelo respondente e iniciação sexual. Apesar da chance da iniciação sexual ser maior entre os não praticantes, a proporção de mulheres e homens que reportam já ter tido relação sexual é bastante elevada, mesmo entre aqueles que se dizem praticantes da sua religião. Comparados com aqueles que se autodenominam sem religião, protestantes históricos e pentecostais praticantes, independente de sexo, assim como católicas praticantes, têm menores chances de ter se iniciado sexualmente. Os resultados também revelam que as mulheres se iniciam, em média, mais tarde que os homens, e há intensa representação dos papéis tradicionais de gênero.This study aims at investigating the association among religion, religiosity, and sexual initiation of adolescents, 15-19 years-old, male and female, high school students in public state schools. Data come from the first cohort, second wave of the longitudinal survey Pesquisa Jovem, funded by Secretaria de Estado de Desenvolvimento Social e Esportes de Minas Gerais (Sedese), and conducted by the Demography Department of the Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (Cedeplar/UFMG) in 2008. The participating schools were selected in four cities in the state of Minas Gerais: Ribeirão das Neves, Belo Horizonte, Pedro Leopoldo, and Esmeraldas. Several characteristics (sociodemographic, educational, life style, and sexuality, including sexual initiation) were compared, according to their religious participation, a combination of religious affiliation and church attendance (n=2658). The association between religion, religiosity, and sexual initiation was tested after controlling for those same characteristics. Analyzes include descriptive statistics, as well as univariate and multivariate logistic regression models. Results indicate strong association between religious affiliation, church attendance, and sexual initiation. Although sexual initiation is more frequent among adolescents who go to church only sporadically, the proportion who report having had sexual intercourse is high, even among the churchgoers. If compared to those who have no religious affiliation, committed Mainline Protestant and Pentecostal, males and females, as well as committed Catholic females are less likely to have had their first sexual intercourse. Results also indicate that the female sexual onset is usually at older ages if compared to that of the male, and there is intense gender representation