Precision measurement of the deuteron spin structure function gd1

We report on a high-statistics measurement of'. the deuteron spin structure function g(di) at a beam energy of 29 GeV in the kinematic range 0.029 < x < 0.8 and 1 < Q2 < IO (GeV / c) (2) • The integral r(di) = f(1o) g(di) dx evaluated at fixed Q2 = 3 (GeV/c) 2 gives 0.042 ± 0.003(stat) ± 0.004(syst). Combining this result with our earlier measurement of g(di), we find r(pi) - r(nt) = 0.163 ± O.OIO(stat) ± 0.016(syst), which agrees with the prediction of the Bjorken sum rule with O(a(3x)) corrections, r(pi) - r(ni) = 0.171 ± 0.008. We find the quark contribution to the proton helicity to be liq = 0.30 ± 0.06.This work was supported by Department of Energy Contracts No. DE-AC05-84ER40150 (CEBAF), No. W-2795-Eng-48 (LLNL), No. DE-AC0376SF00515 (SLAC), No. DE-FG03-88ER40439 (Stanford), No. DE-FG05-88ER40390 and No. DEFG05-86ER4026 (Virginia), and No. DE-AC02-76ER00881 (Wisconsin); by National Science Foundation Grants No. 9114958 (American), No. 9307710 (Massachusetts), No. 9217979 (Michigan), No. 9104975 (ODU) and No. 9118137 (U. Penn.); by the Schweizersche Nationalfonds (Basel); by the Commonwealth of Virginia (Virginia); by the Centre NAtional de la Recherche Scientifique and the Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique (French groups); and by the Japanese Ministry of Education, Science and Culture (Tohoku)

New insectivore mammal (?Lipotyphla, ?Erinaceomorpha) from the Early Eocene of Chambi (Tunisia)

International audienc

The petrosal of the earliest elephant-shrew Chambius (Macroscelidea: Afrotheria) from the Eocene of Djebel Chambi (Tunisia) and the evolution of middle and inner ear of elephant-shrews

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Selective induction of human hepatic cytochromes P450 2B6 and 3A4 by metamizole

The pyrazolone drug metamizole is a widely used analgesic. Analysis of liver microsomes from patients treated with metamizole revealed selectively higher expression of cytochromes P450, CYP2B6 and CYP3A4 (3.8- and 2.8-fold, respectively), and 2.9-fold higher bupropion hydroxylase activity compared with untreated subjects. Further investigation of metamizole and various derivatives on different potential target genes in human primary hepatocytes demonstrated time- and concentration-dependent induction by metamizole of CYP2B6 (7.8- and 3.1-fold for mRNA and protein, respectively, at 100 M) and CYP3A4 (2.4- and 2.9-fold, respectively), whereas other genes (CYP2C9, CYP2C19, CYP2D6, NADPH:cytochrome P450 reductase, ABCB1, constitutive androstane receptor (CAR), pregnane X receptor (PXR)) were not substantially altered. Using reporter gene assays, we show that metamizole is not acting as a direct ligand to either PXR or CAR, suggesting a phenobarbital-like mechanism of induction. These data warrant further studies to elucidate the drug-interaction potential of metamizole, especially in patients with long-term treatment.T Saussele, O Burk, J K Blievernicht, K Klein, A Nussler, N Nussler, J G Hengstler, M Eichelbaum, M Schwab, and U M Zange