Orientation lesson in anatomy education

PubMed ID: 15517261Dissection of a human body during an anatomy course raises questions about invasion of privacy, cadaver sources, dying and death for medical students. The technical orientation in any medical education process tends to motivate students towards a purely biological view of the human body. An orientation lesson was performed, including technical instructions, with particular emphasis on how to deal with emotions. Two hundred and forty-two second-year students were asked to complete a questionnaire and two State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) self-reports. One hundred and two students participated in an orientation lesson (group A) and 140 students did not (group B). Data were analyzed using SPSS. The t-test and chi-square test were used to evaluate differences between the groups. Group A students showed significantly better performance in both a verbal anatomy examination and multiple-choice test than group B students (p=0.001). There were no differences between group A and B students in the state and trait anxiety levels, willingness to donate their body or organs, belief in life after death, social activity or gender. The goal of including consideration of psychosocial factors in an anatomy course would allow students a thoughtful interpretation of their laboratory experience in the context of their professional development as physicians. © Springer-Verlag 2004

Childhood attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder and alcohol dependence: A 1-year follow-up

WOS: 000183662800010PubMed ID: 12814903Aims: To investigate the onset and outcome of alcohol dependence in subjects with childhood attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in a Turkish sample. Methods: Among patients being treated for alcohol dependence, 15 had a history of childhood ADHD [ADHD (+)] and 45 did not [ADHD (-)]. ADHD history was assessed according to DSM-IV criteria by a child and adolescent psychiatrist who interviewed the subjects and their close relatives. Severity of dependence was measured by the Michigan Alcoholism Screening Test. Subjects were followed up for 1 year for the assessment of relapse. Results: The age of onset for alcohol drinking, alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence were significantly lower in the ADHD (+) group than in the ADHD (-) group. Comorbid substance use was more prevalent in the ADHD (+) group. The study found no significant difference in the severity of alcohol dependence between ADHD (+) and ADHD (-) groups. During follow-up, 80% of the ADHD (+) subjects relapsed, compared with 55.6% in the ADHD (-) group. Relapse occurred on average 2.74 months earlier in the ADHD (+) group than in the ADHD (-) group. Conclusions: As found in other countries, alcohol dependence in Turkish subjects with childhood ADHD starts early and is relatively resistant to treatment. Early diagnosis and treatment of ADHD might help prevent alcohol- and substance-related disorders

Correction of Clubhand Deformity With External Fixator

6th Congress of the International-Federation-of-Societies-for-Surgery-of-the-Hand (IFSSH) -- JUL 03-07, 1995 -- HELSINKI, FINLANDWOS: A1995BE91A00012Int Federat Soc Surg Han

Long-term efficacy of sertraline in the prevention of alcoholic relapses in alcohol-dependent patients: A single-center, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, parallel-group study

WOS: 000180013400004Background: Alcoholism may be related to dysfunction of the serotonergic system in some patients. Therapy with a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) may help to reduce alcohol consumption in these patients. Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the long-term efficacy of the SSRI sertraline in preventing alcoholic relapse and in increasing the number of abstinent days after alcohol withdrawal in alcohol-dependent patients. Methods: Male patients who met the American Psychiatric Association's Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Third Edition, Revised (DSM-III-R) diagnostic criteria for alcohol dependence with no concurrent disorders on Axis 1 participated in this single-center, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, parallel-group study. All of the patients had been withdrawn from alcohol for 7 to 21 days when included in the study during their inpatient treatment and were followed up for 6 months with monthly assessments. Patients were given either two 50-mg capsules of sertraline hydrochloride daily (100 mg/d) or 2 placebo capsules daily. Results: A total of 59 patients (mean [SD] age, 43.8 [8.5] years) were enrolled (30 in the sertraline group and 29 in the placebo group). The 2 groups differed significantly in terms of the mean (SD) number of abstinent days (sertraline, 125.5 [60.6] days; placebo, 91.9 [66.4] days; P = 0.047). Although the percentage of relapse was lower in the sertraline group in all monthly assessments, the difference in percentage of relapse between the 2 groups reached statistical significance only at month 4 (P = 0.027). Conclusions: Sertraline seems to increase the number of abstinent days and thus has a preventive effect on alcoholic relapse. However, this finding needs to be supported by further controlled studies

Olanzapine treatment of eight adolescent patients with psychosis

WOS: 000188543900009PubMed ID: 14716713Although olanzapine is known as a widely used atypical antipsychotic there have been very few studies about its use in children and adolescents. Eight adolescent patients who were diagnosed as having schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder, and treated with olanzapine are reported in this case series. The patients were followed-up for 17.5 Weeks in the range 4-26 weeks. According to the CGI improvement assessment at the end of the follow-up period, three of eight cases were rated as very much or much improved, three as minimally improved and two as not improved. Olanzapine was well tolerated by the adolescents in this case series except for weight gain. Our results suggest that olanzapine may be an effective antipsychotic for some psychotic adolescents and during olanzapine trials weight gain. Should be monitored. Copyright (C) 2004 John Wiley Sons, Ltd