Adaptación psicosocial del paciente oncológico ingresado y del familiar cuidador principal

The present study looks for the relation between the psychosocial distress experienced by the patient and his family caregiver during the period he is hospitalised. The sample is composed by 94 persons (oncology patients and family caregivers). We have used a sociodemographic questionnaire, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, the “Quality of life Questionnaire” for general satisfaction and social support and the family APGAR for family functioning. The results indicate that the anxiety of the caregiver is significantly higher than the one of the patient. The family functioning perceived by the patient correlates negatively with the depression and positively with the general satisfaction of the family caregiver. We found a correlation between the age and the depression subscale. In the family caregivers group we confirm that the higher scores in depression appear in ages between 35 and 55. Married patients and caregivers obtain higher punctuation in depression compared to unmarried ones. We conclude that the patients psychosocial distress differs from the caregivers distress. The psychological intervention should focus on the individual needs of the patient and the caregiver by promoting the social net of the relatives, supplying a better communication with the patient, reducing the caregivers anxiety and attending the demands derived from physical condition, marital status and age

Problemas familiares asociados al cáncer hereditario

Hereditary cancer represents a real challenge for the multidisciplinary sanitary team that has to manage it. The Genetic Counselling Unit takes care not only for the oncology patient but also for his/her healthy relatives. Therefore, it is important to have the suitable tools to evaluate the whole family; the Family System Illness Model and the genogram are used to draw the map to ascertain what is happening inside the family and be able to set out the intervention according to the characteristics of the family system

Problemas familiares asociados al cáncer hereditario

Hereditary cancer represents a real challenge for the multidisciplinary sanitary team that has to manage it. The Genetic Counselling Unit takes care not only for the oncology patient but also for his/her healthy relatives. Therefore, it is important to have the suitable tools to evaluate the whole family; the Family System Illness Model and the genogram are used to draw the map to ascertain what is happening inside the family and be able to set out the intervention according to the characteristics of the family system

Adaptación psicosocial del paciente oncológico ingresado y del familiar cuidador principal

The present study looks for the relation between the psychosocial distress experienced by the patient and his family caregiver during the period he is hospitalised. The sample is composed by 94 persons (oncology patients and family caregivers). We have used a sociodemographic questionnaire, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, the “Quality of life Questionnaire” for general satisfaction and social support and the family APGAR for family functioning. The results indicate that the anxiety of the caregiver is significantly higher than the one of the patient. The family functioning perceived by the patient correlates negatively with the depression and positively with the general satisfaction of the family caregiver. We found a correlation between the age and the depression subscale. In the family caregivers group we confirm that the higher scores in depression appear in ages between 35 and 55. Married patients and caregivers obtain higher punctuation in depression compared to unmarried ones. We conclude that the patients psychosocial distress differs from the caregivers distress. The psychological intervention should focus on the individual needs of the patient and the caregiver by promoting the social net of the relatives, supplying a better communication with the patient, reducing the caregivers anxiety and attending the demands derived from physical condition, marital status and age

Funcionamiento familiar y adaptación psicológica en oncología.

The cancer experience is a process that affects the family, which is the primary support system and is disturbed to its normal performance, resulting psychological distress associated with cancer development. The screening process of emotional distress in relatives of cancer patients, involves the use of assessment strategies both quantitative and qualitative for determining whether the family support system has the knowledge, skills and attitudes necessary to provide care and maintain both patient herself. The study of relationship between family functioning and psychological adjustment was aimed to analyze how the functioning and family support would influence to its adaptation to the disease; for this goal, we analyzed the family type, its structure and psychological adjustment. The procedure is based on the application of a Questionnaire of social and demographic information, and test: Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, Family Relationship Index, Self-report Family Inventory and the APGAR-F. Study results let identified higher levels of emotional involvement in relatives group. As for family screening tests, there is considerable similarity in the results, to be seen in the three test that is a small percentage, the group of families that with characteristics of dysfunctional systems. Functional families had lower emotional involvement.La experiencia de la enfermedad oncológica es un proceso que afecta también al grupo familiar, que constituye el sistema de apoyo primario y que se ve perturbado en su normal funcionamiento previo, asociado al malestar psicológico consecuente con la aparición del cáncer. El proceso de screening de malestar emocional en familiares de pacientes oncológicos, implica el uso de estrategias evaluativas tanto cuantitativas, como cualitativas que permiten determinar si el sistema de apoyo familiar dispone del conocimiento, las habilidades y las actitudes necesarias para ofrecer y mantener cuidados tanto al paciente como a ella misma. El estudio de Relación entre Funcionamiento Familiar y Adaptación Psicológica, tuvo como objetivo analizar de qué manera el funcionamiento y el apoyo social de la familia influiría en la adaptación al proceso oncológico, para ello se analizó el tipo de familia, su estructura y el nivel de ajuste psicológico. El procedimiento se basó en la aplicación de una Encuesta de Información Sociodemográfica, y de los test: Escala de Ansiedad y Depresión Hospitalaria, Indice de Relaciones Familiares, Inventario Familiar de Autoinforme y el APGAR-F. Los resultados del estudio han permitido verificar niveles más elevados de afectación emocional en familiares. En cuanto a los test de screening familiar, existe bastante similitud en los resultados, al apreciarse en los tres test que es un porcentaje pequeño, el grupo de familias que cumple con las características de los sistemas disfuncionales. Las familias funcionales presentaron menor afectación emocional

Valoración de la eficacia de una terapia grupal cognitivoconductual en la imagen corporal, autoestima, sexualidad y malestar emocional (ansiedad y depresión) en pacientes de cáncer de mama

El cáncer de mama influye, al igual que su tratamiento, de manera significativa en aspectos psicológicos de las personas que han sido diagnosticadas y tratadas por esta enfermedad. Dentro de estos aspectos, cabe destacar los cambios que se producen en la imagen corporal, la autoestima y la sexualidad. El objetivo de este estudio es valorar la eficacia de un tratamiento psicológico grupal cognitivo-conductual en la triada imagen corporal autoestima-sexualidad, en el estado de ánimo y en la sintomatología ansiosa. Se evaluó a 38 mujeres libres de enfermedad que acuden a consultas de revisión del Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre. Estas 38 mujeres se asignaron aleatoriamente al grupo experimental de tratamiento grupal y a una condición control sin tratamiento. Se llevó a cabo una evaluación pre y postratamiento en dos grupos, uno experimental y otro control, y se midieron las siguientes variables con los siguientes instrumentos: Depresión (Inventario de Depresión de Beck, —BDI—), Ansiedad de Estado (Cuestionario de Ansiedad Estado -STAI-E-), Autoestima (Escala de Autoestima de Rosenberg), e imagen corporal (Escala de Imagen Corporal de Hopwood), presencia/ausencia de problemas sexuales y la satisfacción sexual (tres preguntas de respuesta cerrada). El tratamiento grupal se compone de 9 sesiones con frecuencia semanal y con una duración de una hora y media cada una. Estas 9 sesiones fueron divididas en cuatro bloques de tratamiento: un módulo de estado de ánimo (2 sesiones), un módulo de imagen corporal y autoestima (4 sesiones), un módulo de sexualidad (2 sesiones) y un cuarto módulo de despedida donde se recogió la medida postratamiento. Los resultados muestran que el tratamiento produjo mejoras significativas en comparación con el grupo control en las puntuaciones del BDI (p=0,005), STAI-E (p=0,002), autoestima (p=0,001) e imagen corporal (p=0,014). Por lo tanto, se demuestra la eficacia del tratamiento cognitivo-conductual en grupo para la mejora de la autoestima, la imagen corporal y la sexualidad después de haber pasado por un cáncer de mama

Family functioning and psychological distress in oncology

The cancer experience is a process that affects the family, which is the primary support system and is disturbed to its normal performance, resulting psychological distress associated with cancer development. The screening process of emotional distress in relatives of cancer patients, involves the use of assessment strategies both quantitative and qualitative for determining whether the family support system has the knowledge, skills and attitudes necessary to provide care and maintain both patient herself. The study of relationship between family functioning and psychological adjustment was aimed to analyze how the functioning and family support would influence to its adaptation to the disease; for this goal, we analyzed the family type, its structure and psychological adjustment. The procedure is based on the application of a Questionnaire of social and demographic information, and test: Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, Family Relationship Index, Self-report Family Inventory and the APGAR-F. Study results let identified higher levels of emotional involvement in relatives group. As for family screening tests, there is considerable similarity in the results, to be seen in the three test that is a small percentage, the group of families that with characteristics of dysfunctional systems. Functional families had lower emotional involvement

Problemas familiares asociados al cáncer hereditario

Hereditary cancer represents a real challenge for the multidisciplinary sanitary team that has to manage it. The Genetic Counselling Unit takes care not only for the oncology patient but also for his/her healthy relatives. Therefore, it is important to have the suitable tools to evaluate the whole family; the Family System Illness Model and the genogram are used to draw the map to ascertain what is happening inside the family and be able to set out the intervention according to the characteristics of the family system.El cáncer hereditario plantea un desafio para el equipo multidisciplinar que trabaja con el. La Unidad de Consejo Genético se ocupa tanto del paciente oncológico como de sus familiares sanos. Por ello es importante poder tener herramientas para evaluar a la familia; el Modelo Sistémico de Enfermedad y el genograma nos ayudan a dibujar un mapa de lo que esta pasando dentro de la familia y así planear la intervención en función de las características del sistema familiar