Variation of morphological descriptors for the evaluation of tomato germplasm and their stability across different growing conditions

[EN] Germplasm and breeding materials are usually characterized using morphological and agronomic descriptors, which should have a high heritability. Despite the widespread use of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) standardized descriptors, little information exists on environmental effects on descriptor values and their heritability. We have evaluated 12 tomato accessions from seven cultivar groups in three different environments (open-field conventional, open-field organic, and greenhouse) and characterized them with 36 descriptors. A wide range of variation was found for most descriptors, demonstrating their utility for describing tomato materials and their diversity and relationships. The analysis of descriptors variation reveals that while for some descriptors with a simple genetic control the accession effect accounts for 100% of the variation, for others like yield per plant only 10.83% of the variation observed is due to the accession effect. Although significant differences were found among environments for most descriptors, including a much higher yield in the open-field conventional environment than in the two others, the environmental effect was low for most traits. However, the genotype×environment effect generally had an important contribution to the structure of variation for many descriptors, and for three traits it had the highest contribution to the percentage of the sum of squares. As a result of the variation structure, the heritability values are high (> 0.7) for only 10 descriptors, while for five is low (< 0.3). Principal components analysis (PCA) reveals that projections in the PCA graph of a same accession grown in different environments plot together in the same area of the PCA graph. Although cultivar groups are generally clearly separated in the PCA graph, accessions from the same cultivar group in some cases are intermixed. These results have important implications for detecting tomato duplicates and establishing core collections, as well as for analyzing germplasm and breeding results, when using data sets containing data of accessions grown in different environments.This work has been partially funded by the TRADITOM (Traditional tomato varieties and cultural practices: a case for agricultural diversification with impacto n food security and health of European population) and G2P-SOL (Linking genetic resources, genomes and phenotypes of Solanaceous crops) projects. These projects have received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreements No 634561 (TRADITOM) and No 677379 (G2P-SOL). Authors are grateful to Mr. Jonatan Cerdan for his technical help.Figás-Moreno, MDR.; Prohens Tomás, J.; Casanova-Calancha, C.; Fernández De Córdova Martínez, PJ.; Soler Aleixandre, S. (2018). Variation of morphological descriptors for the evaluation of tomato germplasm and their stability across different growing conditions. Scientia Horticulturae. 238:107-115. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2018.04.039S10711523

La computación de alta performance como soporte a los sistemas altamente distribuidos

Debido a la aparición de nuevas tecnologías, dispositivos inteligentes, medios de comunicación y aplicaciones móviles, la cantidad de datos que se produce en la actualidad aumenta exponencialmente. Este aumento en la cantidad de datos demanda nuevas estrategias que permitan su almacenamiento, y análisis de manera eficiente; esto conlleva un cambio de paradigma en las arquitecturas de cómputo, los algoritmos y también los mecanismos de procesamiento. Los sistemas de cómputo tradicionales han evolucionado a sistemas de alto rendimiento (HPC) para llevar a cabo cómputo intensivo y mejorar la velocidad de procesamiento. La presente propuesta de investigación analizará y evaluará las ventajas de la computación de alto desempeño, aplicándolas a problemas que requieran un alto costo computacional en sistemas altamentes distribuidos, como son las aplicaciones de Internet de las Cosas.Eje: Procesamiento Distribuido y ParaleloRed de Universidades con Carreras en Informátic

La computación de alta performance como soporte a los sistemas altamente distribuidos

Debido a la aparición de nuevas tecnologías, dispositivos inteligentes, medios de comunicación y aplicaciones móviles, la cantidad de datos que se produce en la actualidad aumenta exponencialmente. Este aumento en la cantidad de datos demanda nuevas estrategias que permitan su almacenamiento, y análisis de manera eficiente; esto conlleva un cambio de paradigma en las arquitecturas de cómputo, los algoritmos y también los mecanismos de procesamiento. Los sistemas de cómputo tradicionales han evolucionado a sistemas de alto rendimiento (HPC) para llevar a cabo cómputo intensivo y mejorar la velocidad de procesamiento. La presente propuesta de investigación analizará y evaluará las ventajas de la computación de alto desempeño, aplicándolas a problemas que requieran un alto costo computacional en sistemas altamentes distribuidos, como son las aplicaciones de Internet de las Cosas.Eje: Procesamiento Distribuido y ParaleloRed de Universidades con Carreras en Informátic

La computación de alta performance como soporte a los sistemas altamente distribuidos

Debido a la aparición de nuevas tecnologías, dispositivos inteligentes, medios de comunicación y aplicaciones móviles, la cantidad de datos que se produce en la actualidad aumenta exponencialmente. Este aumento en la cantidad de datos demanda nuevas estrategias que permitan su almacenamiento, y análisis de manera eficiente; esto conlleva un cambio de paradigma en las arquitecturas de cómputo, los algoritmos y también los mecanismos de procesamiento. Los sistemas de cómputo tradicionales han evolucionado a sistemas de alto rendimiento (HPC) para llevar a cabo cómputo intensivo y mejorar la velocidad de procesamiento. La presente propuesta de investigación analizará y evaluará las ventajas de la computación de alto desempeño, aplicándolas a problemas que requieran un alto costo computacional en sistemas altamentes distribuidos, como son las aplicaciones de Internet de las Cosas.Eje: Procesamiento Distribuido y ParaleloRed de Universidades con Carreras en Informátic

Industrial, Collaborative and Mobile Robotics in Latin America: Review of Mechatronic Technologies for Advanced Automation

Mechatronics and Robotics (MaR) have recently gained importance in product development and manufacturing settings and applications. Therefore, the Center for Space Emerging Technologies (C-SET) has managed an international multi-disciplinary study to present, historically, the first Latin American general review of industrial, collaborative, and mobile robotics, with the support of North American and European researchers and institutions. The methodology is developed by considering literature extracted from Scopus, Web of Science, and Aerospace Research Central and adding reports written by companies and government organizations. This describes the state-of-the-art of MaR until the year 2023 in the 3 Sub-Regions: North America, Central America, and South America, having achieved important results related to the academy, industry, government, and entrepreneurship; thus, the statistics shown in this manuscript are unique. Also, this article explores the potential for further work and advantages described by robotic companies such as ABB, KUKA, and Mecademic and the use of the Robot Operating System (ROS) in order to promote research, development, and innovation. In addition, the integration with industry 4.0 and digital manufacturing, architecture and construction, aerospace, smart agriculture, artificial intelligence, and computational social science (human-robot interaction) is analyzed to show the promising features of these growing tech areas, considering the improvements to increase production, manufacturing, and education in the Region. Finally, regarding the information presented, Latin America is considered an important location for investments to increase production and product development, taking into account the further proposal for the creation of the LATAM Consortium for Advanced Robotics and Mechatronics, which could support and work on roboethics and education/R+D+I law and regulations in the Region. Doi: 10.28991/ESJ-2023-07-04-025 Full Text: PD

Agenda de investigación: smart cities y seguridad en Andalucía = Research agenda: smart cities and security in Andalusia, Spain

Smart cities' security governance is a significant challenge that requires careful planning, design, and management. Unfortunately, the number of Andalusian researchers and research groups working on this topic is currently limited, which hinders scientific progress, international competitiveness, and knowledge transfer. To address this issue, this project aims to establish a research agenda to identify the most relevant topics, facilitate resource allocation, and encourage collaboration among researchers, industry, and the public sector. In the near future, effective security management in smart cities will require multidisciplinary approaches that bring together experts from various fields. By promoting coherent initiatives and establishing robust research programs, we can build a strong foundation for sustainable smart cities.P20-00941Security and Global Affair

A Severe Lack of Evidence Limits Effective Conservation of the World's Primates

Threats to biodiversity are well documented. However, to effectively conserve species and their habitats, we need to know which conservation interventions do (or do not) work. Evidence-based conservation evaluates interventions within a scientific framework. The Conservation Evidence project has summarized thousands of studies testing conservation interventions and compiled these as synopses for various habitats and taxa. In the present article, we analyzed the interventions assessed in the primate synopsis and compared these with other taxa. We found that despite intensive efforts to study primates and the extensive threats they face, less than 1% of primate studies evaluated conservation effectiveness. The studies often lacked quantitative data, failed to undertake postimplementation monitoring of populations or individuals, or implemented several interventions at once. Furthermore, the studies were biased toward specific taxa, geographic regions, and interventions. We describe barriers for testing primate conservation interventions and propose actions to improve the conservation evidence base to protect this endangered and globally important taxon

Infectious and non-infectious diseases burden among Haitian immigrants in Chile: a cross-sectional study

Indexación ScopusChile has become a popular destination for migrants from South America and the Caribbean (low- and middle-income countries migration). Close to 200.000 Haitian migrants have arrived in Chile. Infectious and non-infectious disease burden among the Haitian adult population living in Chile is unknown. This study aimed to acquire the basic health information (selected transmissible and non-transmissible conditions) of the Haitian adult population living in Chile. A cross-sectional survey was performed, inviting Haitian-born residents in Chile older than 18 years old. Common conditions and risk factors for disease were assessed, as well as selected transmissible conditions (HIV, HBV, and HCV). 498 participants (60.4% female) from 10 communities in two regions of Chile were surveyed. Most subjects had never smoked (91.5%), and 80% drank less than one alcohol unit per month. The mean BMI was 25.6, with 45% of participants having a normal BMI (20–25). Hypertension was present in 31.5% (33% in the 25–44 age group). Prevalence of HIV was 2.4% (95 CI 1.3–4.2%), hepatitis B (HBsAg positive) was 3.4% (95 CI 2.1–5.5%), and hepatitis C was 0% (95 CI 0.0–0.9%). Quality of life showed a significant prevalence of depression and anxiety markers, particularly in those arriving in Chile less than 1 year ago. Low prevalence of obesity, diabetes, smoking, and drinking and estimated cardiovascular risk were found. Nonetheless, hypertension at a younger age, disproportionately higher prevalence of HIV and HBV infection and frequent markers of anxiety and depression were also found. Public policies for detecting and treating hypertension, HIV, and HBV screening, offering HBV vaccination, and organizing mental health programs for Haitian immigrants, are urgently needed. © 2020, The Author(s).https://www-nature-com.recursosbiblioteca.unab.cl/articles/s41598-020-78970-

7th Drug hypersensitivity meeting: part two

No abstract availabl

Risk profiles and one-year outcomes of patients with newly diagnosed atrial fibrillation in India: Insights from the GARFIELD-AF Registry.

BACKGROUND: The Global Anticoagulant Registry in the FIELD-Atrial Fibrillation (GARFIELD-AF) is an ongoing prospective noninterventional registry, which is providing important information on the baseline characteristics, treatment patterns, and 1-year outcomes in patients with newly diagnosed non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF). This report describes data from Indian patients recruited in this registry. METHODS AND RESULTS: A total of 52,014 patients with newly diagnosed AF were enrolled globally; of these, 1388 patients were recruited from 26 sites within India (2012-2016). In India, the mean age was 65.8 years at diagnosis of NVAF. Hypertension was the most prevalent risk factor for AF, present in 68.5% of patients from India and in 76.3% of patients globally (P < 0.001). Diabetes and coronary artery disease (CAD) were prevalent in 36.2% and 28.1% of patients as compared with global prevalence of 22.2% and 21.6%, respectively (P < 0.001 for both). Antiplatelet therapy was the most common antithrombotic treatment in India. With increasing stroke risk, however, patients were more likely to receive oral anticoagulant therapy [mainly vitamin K antagonist (VKA)], but average international normalized ratio (INR) was lower among Indian patients [median INR value 1.6 (interquartile range {IQR}: 1.3-2.3) versus 2.3 (IQR 1.8-2.8) (P < 0.001)]. Compared with other countries, patients from India had markedly higher rates of all-cause mortality [7.68 per 100 person-years (95% confidence interval 6.32-9.35) vs 4.34 (4.16-4.53), P < 0.0001], while rates of stroke/systemic embolism and major bleeding were lower after 1 year of follow-up. CONCLUSION: Compared to previously published registries from India, the GARFIELD-AF registry describes clinical profiles and outcomes in Indian patients with AF of a different etiology. The registry data show that compared to the rest of the world, Indian AF patients are younger in age and have more diabetes and CAD. Patients with a higher stroke risk are more likely to receive anticoagulation therapy with VKA but are underdosed compared with the global average in the GARFIELD-AF. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION-URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT01090362