Oral Health in people over 64 years of age, institutionalized in Centres for the Aged in the Vigo Health District Spain, 2005

Abstract Objective: The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of dental caries, periodontal disease and the condition of and need for dental prosthesis in individuals over the age of 64. Design: A cross-sectional, descriptive and observational study was carried out among all the residents in 3 Centres for the Aged in Vigo-Spain. The standardized criteria of the DMFT (Decayed, Missing and Filled Teeth) index and The Community Periodontal Index of Treatment Needs (CPITN) of the World Health Organization (WHO) were used. Results: 459 subjects were examined with a mean age of 83.8 years, 23% were men and 77% were women; 45% fit for everyday life and 23% require intensive care. In the 85 to 89-year-old group, 53% presented both maxillary and mandibular edentulism and 5% have all of their own teeth. 40% of residents wear a maxillary and mandibular prosthesis and 21% do not wear any kind of dental prosthesis; 38% have complete well-adjusted prosthesis, 28% badly-adjusted prosthesis and 18% need replacing. 38% have inadequate oral hygiene and 20% of prosthesis wearers have a large amount of build-up of dental plaque-calculus. In the subjects studied, the DMFT index was 27.02 with a 36% prevalence of dental caries and a mean of 1.45 caries (SD ± 2.58.), with 76.7% missing teeth, 3.6% filled teeth and 4.2% decayed teeth. The CPITN index shows that 47% of the group have mild periodontal disease (gingival bleeding and calculus) and 9% moderate periodontal disease (periodontal pockets) and in the ratio of teeth CPITN index 71% have excluded sextant, 13% have gingival bleeding and 12% have dental calculus. Conclusion: The results of this study show that dental caries affect more than 30% of the population studied and that periodontal disease in the area of local chronic irritants as well as the presence of periodontal pockets appears in more than half of the subjects studied

Factores de Riesgo Odontológico en pacientes médicamente comprometidos registrados en un Centro de Atención Primaria de Odontología del Servicio Galego de Saúde – SERGAS

En la actualidad, ha aumentado exponencialmente la posibilidad de que un Odontólogo se enfrente a una emergencia médica. Esto es debido al aumento en la atención de pacientes con enfermedades crónicas (diabetes e hipertensión), con cardiopatías, inmunodeprimidos, trasplantados, edad avanzada. También existen otros factores como los tratamientos dentales más complejos y la utilización de fármacos. La Odontología es una especialidad que se asocia con ansiedad, temor y angustia en el paciente y la combinación de todos estos factores pueden desencadenar situaciones de urgencia médica como el síncope, las reacción alérgica, angina de pecho, hipotensión postural, ataque de asma o hiperventilación, convulsiones, hipoglucemia, entre otras. Para evitar estas complicaciones, debe realizarse una historia clínica apropiada a todos los pacientes con un interrogatorio dirigido que nos permita determinar que pacientes son aptos o no para la realización del tratamiento de odontología. El grupo de investigadores encabezado por la Dra. Abraham-Inpijn de Holanda han elaborado la encuesta EMRRH (European Medical Risk Related History questionnaire), con el objetivo de que en Europa exista en cuestionario común que sirva al Odontólogo en su práctica diaria tanto en la sanidad pública como en la consulta privada

Phase Equilibria of 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate with water and oil

Ionic liquids have increased the possibilities of Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) with surfactants. However, results obtained with only one of these salts as surfactant are not particularly promising. Best results are obtained with blends of these salts or blends with traditional surfactants. This work aims to break new ground regarding the role of ionic liquids in this application. Many traditional surfactants in EOR fail because they are not sufficiently soluble at optimal salinity in water. The possibilities of design of ionic liquids must also be considered to use them as co-surfactants in optimal formulations for oil recovery. In this work, the phase behaviour of the ionic liquid 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate with water and different model oils (n-octane, cyclohexane and toluene) was determined at 298.15 K and 323.15 K. The complete miscibility of the ionic liquid with water and its low miscibility with the different oils, point to the use of 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate as co-surfactant with surfactants with high oil solubilising capacityThe authors acknowledge the Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (Spain) for financial support throughout project CTQ2015-68496-P (including European Regional Development Fund advanced funding)S

Programa de fortalecimiento familiar de Aldeas Infantiles SOS

Aldees Infantils SOS és una ONG que fonamenta la seva tasca oferint un entorn familiar protector als nens i joves que provenen de situacions familiars fràgils, en situació de risc o de desemparament. Vetlla per un entorn estable i protector, amb l’objectiu que gaudeixin d’una llar, defensant els seus drets i involucrant-los a la recerca de solucions pels problemes que troben i trobaran al llarg de les seves vides, i acompanyant-los fins que assoleixin una vida autònoma. S’ha ampliat l’acció creant espais de prevenció i promoció de les famílies, impulsant el “Programa d’Enfortiment Familiar”. Aquest programa, presentat en aquest article, proposa un nou enfocament relacional per tal de reforçar les relacions familiars.SOS Children’s Village is a NGO that offers a protective familiar environment for children and youngsters who come from fragile family situations, risk or state of neglect situations. It works for a stable and protective environment with the goal that children can have a home, protecting their rights and making them involve in the search for solutions to the problems they will find during their lives, supporting them until they achieve an autonomous life. Our action has been broadened, creating spaces for family prevention and promotion, fostering the “Family Strengthening Program”. This program, described in this article, proposes a new relational approach in order to reinforce family relations.Aldeas Infantiles SOS es una ONG que fundamenta su labor ofreciendo un entorno familiar protector a los niños y jóvenes que provienen de situaciones familiares frágiles, en situación de riesgo o desamparo. Vela por un entorno estable, con el objetivo de que disfruten de un hogar, defendiendo sus derechos e involucrando en la búsqueda de soluciones para los problemas que encuentran y encontrarán a lo largo de sus vidas, y acompañándolos hasta que alcancen una vida autónoma. Se ha ampliado la acción creando espacios de prevención y promoción de las familias, impulsando el “Programa de Fortalecimiento Familiar”. Este programa, presentado en este artículo, propone un nuevo enfoque relacional para reforzar las relaciones familiares

Design and Characterization of Naphthalene Ionic Liquids

Surfactants have a great number of applications. Among these chemicals, petroleum sulfonates have been widely used due to their effectiveness in reducing interfacial tension. This is the case of sodium octylnaphthalene sulfonate which is a solid with a very low solubility in water. To overcome these drawbacks, this work aimed to synthesize new surface active ionic liquids based on a naphthalene sulfonate anion and traditional cations of these salts (imidazolium, pyrrolidinium, and pyridinium). The new chemicals showed high thermal stability, ionic liquid nature, and a stronger surfactant character than the original naphthalene. Moreover, they were found to be water soluble which greatly facilitates their application in the form of aqueous formulations. 1-Hexyl-3-methylimidazolium 4-(n-octyl)naphthalene-1-sulfonate showed the best capacity to reduce water-air and water-oil interfacial tensionThe authors acknowledge the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation, State Research Agency and European Regional Development Fund for financial support throughout project PGC2018-097342-B-I00, the Xunta de Galicia through the project EDA431D 2017/06S

Nanomaterial Synthesis in Ionic Liquids and Their Use on the Photocatalytic Degradation of Emerging Pollutants

The unique properties of ionic liquids make them suitable candidates to prepare nanoscale materials. A simple method that uses exclusively a corresponding bulk material and an ionic liquid—in this case, [P6,6,6,14]Cl—was used to prepare AgCl nanoparticles and AgCl@Fe3O4 or TiO2@Fe3O4 magnetic nanocomposites. The prepared nanomaterials were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The photodegradation of atenolol as a model pharmaceutical pollutant in wastewater was investigated under ultraviolet–visible light irradiation using the different synthesized nanocatalysts. In the presence of 0.75 g·L−1 AgCl nanoparticles, a practically complete degradation of 10 ppm of atenolol was obtained after 30 min, following pseudo-first-order reaction kinetics. The effect of different variables (concentrations, pH, oxidant agents, etc.) was analyzed. The recyclability of the nanocatalyst was tested and found to be successful. A degradation mechanism was also proposed. In order to improve the recovery stage of the nanocatalyst, the use of magnetic nanocomposites is proposed. Under the same experimental conditions, a slightly lower and slower degradation was achieved with an easier separation. The main conclusions of the paper are the suitability of the use of ionic liquids to prepare different nanocatalysts and the effectiveness of these at degrading an emerging pollutant in wastewater treatmentThis research was funded by Xunta de Galicia through grant numbers ED431B 2020/21, ED431B 2020/21 and ED431C2017/36, the Spanish Agencia Estatal de Investigación (ref. CTM2017-84763-C3-R-2), and FEDER/ERDF funds (European Regional Development Fund)S

Ionic Liquids derived from proline: application as surfactants

This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: V. Fernández-Stefanuto, R. Corchero, I. Rodríguez-Escontrela, A. Soto, E. Tojo, ChemPhysChem 2018, 19, 2885, which has been published in final form at https://doi.org/10.1002/cphc.201800735. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Use of Self-Archived VersionsIonic liquids derived from prolinium esters, previously described as fully green and stable, were found to decompose in the presence of water by ester hydrolysis. To avoid this problem, a new family of these biodegradable salts incorporating an alcohol instead of the ester group is proposed. From this family, two novel ionic liquids that incorporate the prolinolium cation [HOPro] and the [DS] or [DBS] anion were selected (DS=dodecylsulfate; DBS=dodecylbenzenesulfonate). Both salts are liquid at room temperature, a property not usually found in ionic surfactants, and are also chemically and thermally stable. Moreover, they are more effective in reducing the surface tension of water than the corresponding traditional surfactants in the form of sodium salts, being useful for applications related to their aggregation capacity. They were tested for surfactant enhanced oil recovery and an optimal formulation for reservoirs at high salinity and temperature, able to produce ultra‐low interfacial tension, was found with [HOPro][DBS]A.S. acknowledges the Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (Spain) for financial support throughout project CTQ2015‐68496‐P (including European Regional Development Fund advanced funding). E.T. thanks the Xunta de Galicia (ED431D 2017/06) for their financial supportS

Risk Factors for Working Pregnant Women and Potential Adverse Consequences of Exposure: A Systematic Review

Objective: To assess the risk factors perceived as stressors by pregnant women in the work environment and the possible adverse consequences of such exposure for the normal development of pregnancy. Methods: Systematic review, guided by the PRISMA guidelines, and using Pubmed, Web of Science, Dialnet, SciELO, and REDIB databases. Methodological quality was assessed using the critical appraisal tools for non-randomised studies of the Joanna Briggs Institute. Results: A total of 38 studies were included. The main risk factors found in the work environment of pregnant women were chemical, psychosocial, physical-ergonomicmechanical factors, and other work-related factors. The main adverse consequences of exposure to these factors include low birth weight, preterm birth, miscarriage, hypertension and pre-eclampsia, as well as various obstetric complications. Conclusion: During pregnancy, working conditions that are considered acceptable in normal situations may not be so during this stage due to the major changes that occur during pregnancy. Many obstetric effects may have an important impact in the mother’s psychological status; therefore, it is important to optimise working conditions during this stage and to reduce or eliminate possible risksFunding for open access charge: Foundation for Science and Technology, Portugal (FCT)

Azimuthal anisotropy of charged jet production in root s(NN)=2.76 TeV Pb-Pb collisions

We present measurements of the azimuthal dependence of charged jet production in central and semi-central root s(NN) = 2.76 TeV Pb-Pb collisions with respect to the second harmonic event plane, quantified as nu(ch)(2) (jet). Jet finding is performed employing the anti-k(T) algorithm with a resolution parameter R = 0.2 using charged tracks from the ALICE tracking system. The contribution of the azimuthal anisotropy of the underlying event is taken into account event-by-event. The remaining (statistical) region-to-region fluctuations are removed on an ensemble basis by unfolding the jet spectra for different event plane orientations independently. Significant non-zero nu(ch)(2) (jet) is observed in semi-central collisions (30-50% centrality) for 20 <p(T)(ch) (jet) <90 GeV/c. The azimuthal dependence of the charged jet production is similar to the dependence observed for jets comprising both charged and neutral fragments, and compatible with measurements of the nu(2) of single charged particles at high p(T). Good agreement between the data and predictions from JEWEL, an event generator simulating parton shower evolution in the presence of a dense QCD medium, is found in semi-central collisions. (C) 2015 CERN for the benefit of the ALICE Collaboration. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).Peer reviewe