The effects of speed cameras: How drivers respond

This study set out to examine the effects and effectiveness of various strategies related to the deployment of speed cameras, and to explore how different types of driver responded to cameras and perceived their operation. Recommendations for best deployment were to be considered. It was carried out between 1993 and 1996 after the Road Traffic Act 1991 authorised the use of automatic speed devices for the detection of offences. A series of 12 surveys arranged in five sets and having some cross-sectional and some longitudinal elements was undertaken together with some depth interviews, and self-report measures predominated. Five police forces helped to set up the research. In total 6879 drivers took part. The particular interventions focused upon comprised camera signing alone; two kinds of publicity campaign linked with speed camera deployment; prosecution following detection by speed camera; and the effects of cameras when first installed and over time.The Department of Environment, Transport and the Regions

Holmium dodeca­iodidoiron-octa­hedro-hexa­holmium, {FeHo6}I12Ho

Single crystals of {FeHo6}I12Ho were obtained during the reaction of HoI3 with metallic holmium and iron in a sealed tantalum container. The crystal structure consists of isolated holmium clusters encapsulating a single Fe atom, {FeHo6} ( symmetry). The rare earth metal atoms are surrounded by 12 edge-capping and six terminal iodide ligands that either connect the clusters to each other directly or via HoI6 octa­hedra ( symmetry)

A note on the Pauli problem in light of approximate joint measurements

We show that there exist informationally incomplete phase space observables such that the Cartesian margins are informationally equivalent with position and momentum. This shows that it is possible to reconstruct the position and momentum distributions of a quantum system from the statistics of a single observable, and thus a single measurement, even though the state of the system is not uniquely determined by the statistics.Comment: 12 page

Unlawful driving behaviour: A criminological perspective

Further details about this report can be found at the TRL site via the link belowThis report presents and discusses the findings of a two year study carried out in 1989-1990. The overall objective was to point to ideas which might enhance road safety and reduce accidents. More specifically, the aims of the authors working at the Centre for Criminal Justice, Department of Law at Brunel University, was to increase knowledge on the extent of unlawful driving behaviour and the nature of its links with accidents, and to explore the reasons and motivations drivers express for traffic offences. A special focus of the report is the role of cognition and of social influences in decisions whether to break traffic laws. Knowledge of the offender's viewpoint and of their perception of the opportunities, costs and benefits of law breaking on the roads might contribute to road safety and to crime prevention. Linked with this, another aim was to discover whether any distinction could be drawn, in terms of cognitive and social factors, between traffic offenders who have accidents and those who do not.The study which forms the basis of this report was funded by the Transport Research Laboratory

Quantifying distortions in two-photon remote focussing microscope images using a volumetric calibration specimen

This Document is Protected by copyright and was first published by Frontiers. All rights reserved. it is reproduced with permission.Remote focussing microscopy allows sharp, in-focus images to be acquired at high speed from outside of the focal plane of an objective lens without any agitation of the specimen. However, without careful optical alignment, the advantages of remote focussing microscopy could be compromised by the introduction of depth-dependent scaling artifacts. To achieve an ideal alignment in a point-scanning remote focussing microscope, the lateral (XY) scan mirror pair must be imaged onto the back focal plane of both the reference and imaging objectives, in a telecentric arrangement. However, for many commercial objective lenses, it can be difficult to accurately locate the position of the back focal plane. This paper investigates the impact of this limitation on the fidelity of three-dimensional data sets of living cardiac tissue, specifically the introduction of distortions. These distortions limit the accuracy of sarcomere measurements taken directly from raw volumetric data. The origin of the distortion is first identified through simulation of a remote focussing microscope. Using a novel three-dimensional calibration specimen it was then possible to quantify experimentally the size of the distortion as a function of objective misalignment. Finally, by first approximating and then compensating the distortion in imaging data from whole heart rodent studies, the variance of sarcomere length (SL) measurements was reduced by almost 50%.Medical Research Council (MRC)Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC)Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC)British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, Oxfor

The preferences of 600 patients for different descriptions of randomisation

A total of 600 patients from cancer centres throughout the UK identified their most preferred and most disliked descriptions of randomisation found in current patient information sheets and websites. The CancerBACUP description, which describes both the process of randomisation and why it is done, was most preferred 151 out of 533 (28%) patients. The NCI description was viewed as overly technical and most disliked 185 out of 483 (38%) patients