Corruption, growth and ethnic fractionalization: a theoretical model

This paper analyzes the existing relationship between ethnic fractionalization, corruption and the growth rate of a country. We provide a simple theoretical model. We show that a nonlinear relationship betweenfractionalization and corruption exists: corruption is high in homogeneous or very fragmented countries, but low where fractionalization is intermediate. In fact, when ethnic diversity is intermediate, constituencies act as a check and balance device to limit ethnically-based corruption. Consequently, the relationship between fractionalization and growth rate is also non-linear: growth is high in the middle range of ethnic diversity, low in homogeneous or very fragmented countries

Do "clean hands" ensure healthy growth? Theory and Practice in the Battle against corruption

This paper analyzes the existing relationship between economic growth and the monitoring of corruption and examines the possible outcome of the implementation of a State reform in order to weed out corruption. Growth is always higher when monitoring is high and therefore corruption eradicated. But growth declines when monitoring against corruption is not too high, say intermediate, so much that it makes an equilibrium with corruption and little monitoring a more growth-enhancing solution. It is also stressed that when reforms to combat corruption appear to be implausible, they tend to curb most productive investments. The model is estimated using a dynamic panel data approach for Italy. Italy has been plagued by corruption and in the late 80s and early 90s several scandals erupted which led to the well-known "Clean Hands" (Mani pulite) inquiries. Empirical results support the theoretical model. Pubblicazione referata; ISSN: 1605-799

Bribes, Lobbying and Industrial Structure

This paper deals with the relationship between regulatory compliance, bureaucratic corruption, lobbying and the industrial structure of a country. We show that lobbying and bureaucratic corruption can coexist at the macro level when we allow for heterogeneity in firm size. Countries with similar level of development are often characterized by very different industrial structures: we show the implications this has for the level of compliance, corruption and lobbying in that country. Welfare implications of our model point toward encouraging policies that support the small business sector of an economy and toward flexible regulatory policies meant to suppress regulation for small enough firms

Corruption, growth and ethnolinguistic fractionalization:a theoretical model

This paper analyzes the existing relationship between ethnolinguistic fractionalization, corruption and the growth rate of a country. We provide a simple theoretical model. We show that a non-linear relationship between fractionalization and corruption exists: corruption is high in homogeneous or very fragmented countries, but low where fractionalization is intermediate. In fact, when ethnic diversity is intermediate, constituencies act as a check and balance device to limit ethnically-based corruption. Consequently, the relationship between fractionalization and growth rate is also non-linear: growth is high in the middle range of ethnic diversity, low in homogeneous or very fragmented countries

Corruption, growth and ethnic fractionalization: a theoretical model

This paper analyzes the existing relationship between ethnic fractionalization, corruption and the growth rate of a country. We provide a simple theoretical model. We show that a nonlinear relationship between fractionalization and corruption exists: corruption is high in homogeneous or very fragmented countries, but low where fractionalization is intermediate. In fact, when ethnic diversity is intermediate, constituencies act as a check and balance device to limit ethnically-based corruption. Consequently, the relationship between fractionalization and growth rate is also non-linear: growth is high in the middle range of ethnic diversity, low in homogeneous or very fragmented countries

The Detector Safety System of NA62 Experiment

??? at the CERN SPS. The Detector Safety System (DSS) developed at CERN is responsible for assuring the protection of the experiment’s equipment

Evaluation and Implementation of Advanced Process Control with the compactRIO Material of National Instrument

Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) is very commonly used in many industries and research applications for process control

Sensor array calibration by a single reference in presence of measurand non-linear gradient

A calibration method exploiting a single external reference is proposed for sensors arrays in presence of a measurand non-linear gradient in the system under test. The calibration artifacts due to a non-uniform distribution of the measurand in the system under test, not detected by the single punctual reference sensor, are avoided. A proof-of-principle demonstration is carried out within the case study of a thermistors array obtaining compatible result with respect to a standard method which requires a reference sensor for each element of the sensor array. Thus, the complexity (and cost) of standard calbration setups is reduced by using a single reference sensor without sacrifying significantly the calibration accuracy

Sedimentary structure of inferred cyclic‐step bedforms in submarine volcaniclastic slope deposits, Cuatro Calas, south‐east Spain

Cyclic steps are widespread on submarine slopes of many modern insular volcanoes. This paper provides the first detailed description and interpretation of the sedimentary structures and depositional architecture of cyclic-step deposits of such bedforms formed on the submarine slope of an ancient volcano. The partially depositional cyclic steps are preserved in a 67 m thick coset of 1 to 12 m thick cobble-based units of middle Miocene submarine volcaniclastics, exposed along a cliff outcrop in south-east Spain. The main structure in the units is unidirectional crude low-angle cross-bedding passing upward to centimetre to decimetre-scale diffuse stratification more or less parallel to the unit bounding surfaces. The depositional architecture produced by inferred sinuous to straight-crested cyclic steps is compared with deposits of crescent-shaped cyclic steps formed in confined settings. With a novel method, a maximum cyclic step height and length of 22 m and 460 m, respectively, have been calculated. The architecture of some of the thicker cyclic-step units is complicated by structures that were formed as cyclic-step trough-fills, by superimposed cyclic steps or downstream migrating antidunes. These structures possibly reflect adaptation processes of the bedform morphology to a lower strength of the hydraulic jumps and related density flows. In the upper, less well-exposed part of the succession more steeply inclined gravel backsets that probably represent deposits of crescent-shaped cyclic steps accreted in a more energetic, confined setting proximal to the coastal source of the density flows. A facies model of straight-crested cyclic steps is presented that may aid in the identification of similar bedforms in submarine volcaniclastic environments and comparable non-volcanic settings