2,273 research outputs found
A Perspective on the Synthesis, Purification, and Characterization of Porous Organic Cages
[Image: see text] Porous organic cages present many opportunities in functional materials chemistry, but the synthetic challenges for these molecular solids are somewhat different from those faced in the areas of metalāorganic frameworks, covalentāorganic frameworks, or porous polymer networks. Here, we highlight the practical methods that we have developed for the design, synthesis, and characterization of imine porous organic cages using CC1 and CC3 as examples. The key points are transferable to other cages, and this perspective should serve as a practical guide to researchers who are new to this field
Charge-ice dynamics in the negative thermal expansion material Cd(CN)
We use variable-temperature (150--300\,K) single-crystal X-ray diffraction to
re-examine the interplay between structure and dynamics in the ambient phase of
the isotropic negative thermal expansion (NTE) material Cd(CN). We find
strong experimental evidence for the existence of low-energy vibrational modes
that involve off-centering of Cd ions. These modes have the effect of
increasing network packing density---suggesting a mechanism for NTE that is
different to the generally-accepted picture of correlated Cd(C/N) rotation
modes. Strong local correlations in the displacement directions of neighbouring
cadmium centres are evident in the existence of highly-structured diffuse
scattering in the experimental X-ray diffraction patterns. Monte Carlo
simulations suggest these patterns might be interpreted in terms of a basic set
of `ice-rules' that establish a mapping between the dynamics of Cd(CN) and
proton ordering in cubic ice VII.Comment: 5 pages, 5 figures, submitted to PR
Conjugated polymer donor-molecular acceptor nanohybrids for photocatalytic hydrogen evolution.
A library of 237 organic binary/ternary nanohybrids consisting of conjugated polymers donors and either fullerene or non-fullerene molecular acceptors was prepared and screened for sacrificial photocatalytic hydrogen evolution activity. PCDTBT/PC60BM nanohybrid showed a high hydrogen evolution rate of 105.2 mmol g-1 h-1 under visible light (Ī» > 420 nm)
The application of inelastic neutron scattering to investigate the interaction of methyl propanoate with silica
A modern industrial route for the manufacture of methyl methacrylate involves the reaction of methyl propanoate and formaldehyde over a silica-supported Cs catalyst. Although the process has been successfully commercialised, little is known about the surface interactions responsible for the forward chemistry. This work concentrates upon the interaction of methyl propanoate over a representative silica. A combination of infrared spectroscopy, inelastic neutron scattering, DFT calculations, X-ray diffraction and temperature-programmed desorption is used to deduce how the ester interacts with the silica surface
High surface area sulfur-doped microporous carbons from inverse vulcanised polymers
Industrial by-products sulfur and dicyclopentadiene form a high surface-area microporous carbon with excellent potential to filter gold or mercury.</p
HypBO: Expert-Guided Chemist-in-the-Loop Bayesian Search for New Materials
Robotics and automation offer massive accelerations for solving intractable,
multivariate scientific problems such as materials discovery, but the available
search spaces can be dauntingly large. Bayesian optimization (BO) has emerged
as a popular sample-efficient optimization engine, thriving in tasks where no
analytic form of the target function/property is known. Here we exploit expert
human knowledge in the form of hypotheses to direct Bayesian searches more
quickly to promising regions of chemical space. Previous methods have used
underlying distributions derived from existing experimental measurements, which
is unfeasible for new, unexplored scientific tasks. Also, such distributions
cannot capture intricate hypotheses. Our proposed method, which we call HypBO,
uses expert human hypotheses to generate an improved seed of samples.
Unpromising seeds are automatically discounted, while promising seeds are used
to augment the surrogate model data, thus achieving better-informed sampling.
This process continues in a global versus local search fashion, organized in a
bilevel optimization framework. We validate the performance of our method on a
range of synthetic functions and demonstrate its practical utility on a real
chemical design task where the use of expert hypotheses accelerates the search
performance significantly
Controlling electric double-layer capacitance and pseudocapacitance in heteroatom-doped carbons derived from hypercrosslinked microporous polymers
Ā© 2018 Hypercrosslinked polymers (HCPs) are an important class of porous materials that can be synthesized from aromatic precursors using a one-step āknittingā procedure. This scalable process allows wide synthetic diversity and ease of functionalization. However, pristine HCPs lack electrical conductivity, which limits their potential for electrochemical applications. Supercapacitors are energy storage devices with advantages over conventional batteries such as high power densities, rapid charge speeds, and superior cyclability. In this work, carbonization of functionalized HCPs yields highly conductive and porous materials that can be used as supercapacitor electrodes. Both electric double-layer capacitance (EDLC) and pseudocapacitance (PC) mechanisms are observed. The relative EDLC and PC contributions were quantified for a range of 20 HCP-derived materials, thus allowing a controlled approach to tuning the energy storage properties. The HCP-based carbons show ideal supercapacitor behavior and the best performing material, which shows 63% PC, displays exceptionally high capacitances of up to 374 F g ā1 , excellent capacitance retention at fast charging speeds, and stability for up to 15,000 charge/discharge cycles
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